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Experimental investigation of viscous oil-water-sand flow in horizontal pipes:Flow patterns and pressure gradient

Petroleum 2024年第2期10卷 275-293页

作者： tarek Ganat Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department Sultan Qaboos UniversityP.O.Box 50Muscat 123Sultanate of Oman

Fluid production from unconsolidated reservoirs often leads in sand production,which poses a number of *** deposition in flowlines can result in significant pressure dips,pipe and facility damage,and obstructions that decrease *** research is needed to understand the movement and deposition of sand in oil-water-sand(o-W-S) *** article focuses on o-W-S flows in a 6-meter-long horizontal pipe with an inner diameter of 0.0381 *** study looks at the flow behavior of high viscosity oil-water(o-W),water-sand(W-S),and oil-water-sand(o-W-S) *** were carried out at 250 psig pressure in a laboratory flow test facility using various heavy synthetic oils(viscosities ranging from 3500 cP to 7500 cP at 25℃) and tap *** sand concentration varied from 1% to 10%,with an average sand particle diameter of 145 μm and material density of 2630 kg/m~*** cuts ranged from 0.0 to *** experimental results revealed a minor change in pressure gradient between(o-W) and(o-W-S) ***,increasing the sand concentration in(o-W-S) flow resulted in higher pressure *** reduction factor of pressure gradient indicated that the highest decrease in pressure drop occurred at higher superficial oil ***,a direct relationship was observed between the reduction factor and the decrease in water *** results also showed that the minimum required transportation velocity for sand slurry decreased with increasing superficial oil velocity,while the minimum transportation condition increased with higher sand *** comparison between the expected pressure gradient from Bannwart and McKibben et *** the actual experimental data demonstrated significant accuracy for the oil viscosities and superficial oil velocities used in the study.

关键词： Slurry velocity Flow pattern Pressure gradient High viscosity Minimum transport condition

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Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Chlorinated Pesticides in Sediments along the Semi-Closed Areas of Alexandria, Egypt

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2012年第2期3卷 141-149页

作者： Mohamed A. Shreadah tarek o. said Islam M. othman Eiman M. I. Fathallah National Institute of oceanography and Fisheries Alexandria Egypt

The residues of 19 EPA-organochlorine pollutants were analyzed in sediments collected from 49 different locations along the semi-closed areas of Alexandria, Egypt. The pollutants studied were 7 individual polychlorinatedbiphenyl (PCB) congeners, α,β,γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs), cyclodienes (aldrin, endrin, dieldrin) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) (o,p-DDE, p,p-DDE, o,p-DDD, p,p-DDD, o,p-DDT, p,p-DDT). The concentration of total DDTs ranged between ND and 123.76 ng.g-1 (dry wt) whereas the concentration of PCBs, HCHs and cyclodienes ranged from ND to 192.24 ng.g-1;ND to 20.78 ng.g-1 and ND to 8.04 ng.g-1 dry wt, respectively. The average total organic carbon (ToC) percent was varied from 0.04 to 7.65%.

关键词： Surface Sediment organochlorine Pollutants Alexandria Egypt GC-ECD GC-MS

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PoPs in <i>Sparus auratus</i>Species from the Eastern and Western Egyptian Mediterranean Coast: A Health Hazard Study

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open Journal of Marine Science 2017年第2期7卷 317-326页

作者： tarek o. said Mohamed A. Mansour Fahmy M. El-Sharkawi Manal A. Mohamed Mohamed A. Shreadah National Institute of oceanography and Fisheries Alexandria Egypt Chemistry Department College of Science King Khalid University Abha KSA Environmental Health Department High Institute of Public Health Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

The residual concentrations of HCHs, TC, DDTs, THCs and PCBs were measured in Sparus auratus collected from the eastern and western sectors of the Egyptian Mediterranean Sea, as the most common fish species in the area. Gas chromatograph equipped with 63Ni-electron capture detector and 35% phenyl polysilphenylenesiloxane capillary column was used for the analysis and quantification after well-established extraction techniques. The concentrations (wet weight) of PCBs, DDTs, TCs, HCHs were: (1.87 - 616.66 ng·g-1), (0.42 - 98.28 ng·g-1), (0.06 - 2.94 ng·g-1), (0.35 - 11.77 ng·g-1), respectively in Sparus auratus collected from the eastern sector. However, these concentrations as wet weight in Sparus auratus from the western sector were: (5.75 - 605.53 ng·g-1), (1.53 - 226.47 ng·g-1), (0.09 - 8.12 ng·g-1), (0.26 - 5.80 ng·g-1), respectively. In general, concentrations of pesticides and PCBs in Sparus auratus either from the western or eastern Egyptian Mediterranean coast were far below the international permissible levels.

关键词： Pesticides PCBs THC Sparus auratus Mediterranean Egypt

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Distribution of Different organotin and organolead Compounds in Sediment of Suez Gulf

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第5期2卷 545-554页

作者： Mohamed A. Shreadah tarek o. said Safaa A. Abd El Ghani Abd El Moniem M. Ahmed 不详

organotin and organolead compounds were determined in sediments of the Suez Gulf The concentrations of Tributyltin (TBT) ranged from 0.27 to 2.77 with an average value of 1.37 μgg-1;dry wt. However, the concentrations of dibutyltin (DBT) ranged from 0.07 to 2.27 with an average value of 0.58 μgg-1;dry wt. A significant correlation was found between TBT and DBT with r = 0.82, (p = 0.05) indicating that the occurrence of DBT is mainly related to the degradation of TBT. Generally, the high concentration of TBT was attributed to shipping activity in harbours. In addition, Diphenyltin (DPhT) concentrations ranged from not detected to 2.09 with an average of 1.10 μgg-1 dry wt. Antifouling agents, industrial discharge and the influence of sewage discharge are the main sources of pollution by DPhT compounds in Suez Gulf. on the other side, organolead (oLC) concentrations ranged from 10.88 - 440.2 with an average of 168.7 ngg-1;dry wt. A significant setting of oLC recorded in sediments of Suez Gulf was mainly attributed to cars exhaust and/or spelling and direct evaporation of fuels.

关键词： organotin organolead Sediment Suez Gulf Egypt

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PAHs in Sediments along the Semi-Closed Areas of Alexandria, Egypt

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第6期2卷 700-709页

作者： Mohamed A. Shreadah tarek o said Mohamed I. Abd El Monem Eiman M. I. Fathallah Mohamed E Mahmoud National Institute of oceanography and Fisheries P.O 4053 Kayet Bay Anfushi Alexandria Egypt

Sediment samples were collected from 49 sampling stations along the semi-closed areas of Alexandria coasts, Egypt. Total concentrations of 15 out of 16 EPA-PAHs in sediments were varied from 4.2 to 886 ng.g–1 with an average value of 176 ng.g–1 (dry wt). The average total organic carbon (ToC) percent was varied from 0.04 to 7.65%. Higher concentration of total pyrolytic hydrocarbons (∑CoMB) than total fossil hydrocarbons (∑CoMB), declared that atmospheric fall-out is the significant source of PAHs to marine sediments of the semi-closed area of Alexandria. The selected marked compounds and special PAHs compound ratios (phenanthrene/anthracene;fluoranthene/pyrene;∑CoMB/ ∑EPA-PAHs) suggest the pyrogenic origins, especially traffic exhausts, are the dominant sources of PAHs in most locations. Interferences of rather petrogenic and pyrolytic PAH contaminations were noticed in the harbours, especially marine area due to petroleum products deliveries and fuel combustion emissions from the ships staying alongside the quays.

关键词： Surface Sediment PAHs Alexandria Egypt GC-MS

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PAHs in Seawater of the Semi-Closed Areas along the Alexandria Coast of Egyptian Mediterranean Sea

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第11期4卷 1307-1317页

作者： Mohamed A. Shreadah Mohamed I. Abdel Moneim tarek o. said Eiman M. I. Fathallah Mohamed E. Mahmoud Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Chemistry Department Faculty of Science King Khalid University Abha KSA National Institute of oceanography and Fisheries Alexandria Egypt

The distributions of 15 out of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in surface and bottom water of Alexandria coasts (Egyptian Mediterranean Sea). Total average PAH concentrations were ranged from 9.89 to 677.25 ng/l, and from 2.21 to 345.29 ng/l in surface and bottom water, respectively. PAH concentrations were at relatively low levels compared to those reported for other estuaries and marine systems around the world. The ΣCoMB and ΣTF-PAHs suggest the origin of hydrocarbons. The higher concentrations of total pyrolytic hydrocarbons (ΣCoMB) than that of total fossil hydrocarbons (ΣTFPAH) declared that atmospheric fall-out from traffic exhausts was the significant source of PAHs to marine environment of the semi-closed areas of Alexandria. Interferences of rather petrogenic and pyrolytic PAH contaminations were noticed in the harbours, especially marine area due to petroleum products deliveries and fuel combustion emissions from the ships awaiting along side the quays.

关键词： Surface Seawater Bottom Seawater PAHs Alexandria Egypt GC-MS

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Advancing sandstone reservoir compressibility prediction:A correlation-driven methodology

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Petroleum Research 2024年第2期9卷 273-279页

作者： tarek Ganat Meftah Hrairi Amr Badawy Vahid Khosravi Mohammed Abdalla Department of Petroleum Chemical Engineering Sultan Qaboos UniversityP.O.Box 50Al-Khod123MuscatOman Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering International Islamic University MalaysiaP.O.Box 1050728Kuala LumpurMalaysia Reservoir Engineering Section Petronas Carigali SDN BHDP.O.Box 10500088Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTechnologyand Built EnvironmentUCSI University56000Kuala LumpurMalaysia Chemical&Petroleum Engineering United Arab Emirates UniversityP.O.Box No.15551Al AinUAE

This study presents a correlation-based approach for predicting the compressibility of sandstone reservoir *** study proposes a matrix of new empirical equations that significantly improve the precision of measuring the pore volume compressibility,with the most optimal fit of results based on a cubic polynomial *** accuracy of the calculations was validated through comparison with actual data using root mean square method,and the suggested correlations significantly enhance the precise prediction of rock compressibility in sandstone *** this study,the source of data collection is consolidated and unconsolidated sandstone from East Asia offshore ***,variations in compressibility with net overburden pressure over the course of the field's lifespan have been *** results demonstrate the application of regression analysis in establishing a network of linkages between independent and dependent *** proposed correlations for consolidated and unconsolidated sandstones offer a remarkable improvement in the accurate calculation of rock compressibility compared to traditional laboratory procedures,with an average error of 2.5%compared to 5-10%for laboratory *** approach of this study offers a cost-effective and time-efficient alternative to remarkedly enhance the overall performance of sandstone reservoirs in the oil and gas industry.

关键词： Compressibility Consolidated and unconsolidated sandstone Rock properties Rock mechanics

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Porous Shish-Kebab Structure Prepared from oriented UHMWPE Films by Processing in Supercritical Co_(2)

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 97-104,I0009页

作者： Sergey A.Lermontov Aleksey V.Maksimkin Nataliya A.Sipyagina tarek Dayyoub Alena N.Malkova Evgeniy A.Kolesnikov Elena A.Straumal Inna o.Gozhikova saidkhodzha G.Nematulloev Dmitry V.Telyshev Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Chernogolovka 142432Russia Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University(Sechenov University)Moscow 19991Russia National University of Science and Technology"MISIS"Moscow 119049 Russia Institute of Biomedical Systems National Research University of Electronic TechnologyZelenogradMoscow 124498Russia

For the first time, a highly crystalline porous shish-kebab structure with a high degree of crystallinity was obtained by using a combination of two methods for the formation of porous polymeric materials. A treatment procedure using supercritical carbon dioxide(sc Co_(2))was carried out for oriented ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) films, which provided special conditions for the crystallization of dissolved UHMWPE macromolecules on the surface of oriented UHMWPE crystals. The prepared porous materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The particularity of the obtained porous shish-kebab is the absence of the amorphous phase between lamellar crystals(kebabs). The obtained pores had an oval shape, and they were oriented in the orientation direction of the UHMWPE macromolecules. The pore size ranged from 0.05 μm to 4 μm. Controlling the conditions for the crystallization of the UHMWPE macromolecules using supercritical Co_(2) gives the possibility to control the size of both lamellar disks and pores formed.

关键词： UHMWPE Supercritical Co_(2) Porous shish-kebab structure

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Centrifuge modeling of PGD response of buried pipe

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2005年第1期4卷 69-73页

作者： Michael o'Rourke Vikram Gadicherla tarek Abdoun Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York USAProfessorHance Engineering Solutions Hyderabad IndiaEngineerDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York USA Assistant Professor

A new centrifuge based method for determining the response of continuous buried pipe to PGD is presented. The physical characteristics of the RPI's 100 g-ton geotechnical centrifuge and the current lifeline experiment split-box are described: The split-box contains the model pipeline and surrounding soil and is manufactured such that half can be offset, in flight, simulating PGD. In addition, governing similitude relations which allow one to determine the physical characteristics, (diameter, wall thickness and material modulus of elasticity) of the model pipeline are presented. Finally, recorded strains induced in two buried pipes with prototype diameters of 0.63 m and 0.95 m (24 and 36 inch) subject to 0.6 and 2.0 meters (2 and 6 feet) of full scale fault offsets and presented and compared to corresponding FE results.

关键词： earthquakes buried pipe permanent ground deformation centrifuge models fault crossings lifeline earthquake engineering

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Corneal sensitivity,ocular surface health and tear film stability after punctal plug therapy of aqueous deficient dry eye

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第11期9卷 1598-1607页

作者： Azza Mohamed Ahmed said Mona Elsayed Farag tarek Mohamed Abdulla othman Ali othman Ziko Wesam Mohamed osman ophthalmology Department Faculty of MedicineAin Shams University Pathology Department Faculty of MedicineAin Shams University

AIM： To evaluate the effect of punctal occlusion using thermosensitive（smart plug） versus silicone plug for management of aqueous deficient dry eye on cornea sensitivity, ocular surface health and tear film ***： A comparative prospective interventiona case study included 45 patients with bilateral severe form of aqueous deficient dry eye. In each patient, the smar plug was inserted in the lower punctum of the right eye which was considered as study group 1 and silicone plug was inserted in the lower punctum of the left eye o the same patient which was considered as study group2. All patients were subjected to careful history taking and questionnaire for subjective assessment of severity of symptoms. Corneal sensitivity, corneal fluorescein rose bengal staining, Schirmer＇s I test, tear film break up time and conjunctival impression cytology were performed pre and 1, 3 and 6mo post plug ***： A statistically significant improvement in subjective and objective manifestations occurred following treatment with both types of plugs（P 〈0.01）The thermosensitive plug caused significant overal improvement, decrease in frequency of application o tear substitutes and improvement of conjunctiva impression cytology parameters in the inserted side（P 〈0.01）. Canaliculitis was reported in two eyes（4.4% following punctal occlusion using thermosensitive plug（study group 1）. Spontaneous plug loss occurred in 21eyes（46.6%） in the silicone plug group（study group 2）.CoNCLUSIoN： Improvement of subjective and objective manifestations of aqueous deficient dry eye occurs following punctal plug occlusion. Thermosensitive plug has good patient＇s compliance with fewer complications and lower rates of loss compared to the silicone plug.

关键词： conjunctival impression cytology comealsensitivity corneal fluorescein staining dry eye syndrome Schirmer's test silicone plug thermosensitive smart plug

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