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Climate change impacts on streamflow,water quality,and best management practices for the Shell and Logan Creek Watersheds in Nebraska,USA

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International Journal of Agricultural and biological Engineering 2012年第1期5卷 13-34页

作者： Michael W.Van Liew Song Feng tapan b.pathak Department of biological Systems Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnNEUSA School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-LincolnNEUSA

Improvements in the management of water,sediment,and nutrients under future climatic conditions are needed to ensure increased crop and livestock production to meet greater global needs and the future availability of water for competing demands and protection against adverse water quality *** study determined the impacts of future climate change scenarios on streamflow,water quality,and best management practices(bMPs)for two watersheds in Nebraska,*** Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)was employed to simulate streamflow,sediment,total nitrogen(N)and total phosphorus(P)from the Shell Creek Watershed near Columbus,Nebraska and the Logan Creek Watershed near Sioux City,*** streamflow and water quality records for the two watersheds were used to calibrate model parameters that govern streamflow,sediment,and nutrient responses in *** each watershed,precipitation,air temperature,and CO2 concentrations were input to SWAT for four climatic conditions:a baseline condition for the 1980 to 2000 period and the SRES A2,A1b,and b1 climate scenarios for a future period from 2040 to *** from this study suggest that under the three future climate change scenarios,sediment losses are expected to be about 1.2 to 1.5 times greater than the baseline condition for Shell Creek and 2 to 2.5 times greater for Logan Creek;total N losses are expected to be about 1.2 to 1.4 times greater for Shell Creek and 1.7 to 1.9 times greater for Logan *** to the baseline,total P losses under the future climate scenarios are projected to be about the same for Shell Creek and 1.5 to 1.7 times greater for Logan *** from this study also suggest that future projected increases in both precipitation and CO2 concentration account for net increases in streamflow,but in different ways on each watershed.

关键词： hydrology water quality model calibration climate change SWAT

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Evidence of the oldest extant vascular plant(horsetails)from the Indian Cenozoic

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Plant Diversity 2023年第5期45卷 569-589页

作者： Sampa Kundu Taposhi Hazra tapan Chakraborty Subir bera Mahasin Ali Khan Palaeobotany and Palynology Laboratory Department of BotanySidho-Kanho-Birsha UniversityRanchi RoadPurulia 723104India Geological Studies Unit Indian Statistical Institute203B.T.RoadKolkata 700108West BengalIndia Centre of Advanced Study Department of BotanyUniversity of Calcutta35B.C.RoadKolkata 700019India

Equisetum(Equisetaceae)has long been a focus of attention for botanists and palaeontologists because,given its extensive and well-documented fossil record,it is considered the oldest extant vascular plant and a key element in understanding vascular plant ***,to date,no authentic fossil evidence of Equisetum has been found from the Indian ***,we describe a new fossil species,namely,*** ***.,recovered from the middle Siwalik(Late Miocene)sediments of Himachal Pradesh,western *** identified fossil specimens based on morphological and epidermal *** addition,X-Ray diffraction(XRD)analysis was used to determine the mineral composition of compressed stems of *** close affinity of our recovered Siwalik fossils to Equisetum is supported by the presence of both macromorphological and epidermal *** Equisetum generally grows in wet conditions around water reservoirs,our findings indicate that the fossil locality was humid and surrounded by swamp and lowland regions during *** fossil evidence indicates that this sphenopsid once existed in the western Himalaya during the Siwalik ***,at present Equisetum is confined to a particular area of our fossil locality,probably a consequence of severe environmental changes coupled with competition from opportunistic *** discovery of Equisetum fossils in appreciable numbers from the Siwalik sediments of the Himachal Himalayas is unique and constitutes the first reliable recognition of Equisetum from the Indian Cenozoic.

关键词： Equisetum Fossil stem and leaf sheaths Late Miocene Paleoecology Siwalik Western India

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Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is useful for the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第28期20卷 9631-9632页

作者： Huseyin Kayadibi Erdim Sertoglu Metin Uyanik Serkan tapan Department of Medical biochemistry Adana Military Hospital biochemistry Laboratory of Anittepe Dispensary Ankara Mevki Military Hospital Department of Medical biochemistry GATA School of Medicine

There is increasing evidence that neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may play a role in predicting recurrence in patients with hepatitis b virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation. In the original study by Yan et al, it was aimed to determine whether an elevated NLR is associated with tumor recurrence. Total tumor size (> 9 cm) and macro-vascular invasion were found to be more significant than NLR according to the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Therefore, substantive significance should be emphasized rather than NLR because total tumor size and macro-vascular invasion are easier and more expressive than NLR in assessing HCC recurrence. NLR and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are markers which are easy to obtain and can be used as inflammation indicators. Moreover, assessment of both NLR and PLR may add some value as a good predictor of risk for post-liver transplantation HCC recurrence. However, while the study was constructed on whole blood analysis, further details about the features and performance characteristics of the whole-blood analyzer, and preanalytical/analytical variables should also be mentioned.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver transplantation Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio Platelet-tolymphocyte ratio Prognosis

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Is increased red cell distribution width an indicating marker of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrotic stage?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第35期20卷 12711-12712页

Red cell distribution width (RDW) may play an important role in predicting steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis. In the original study, it was aimed to determine whether RDW could be used for this purpose or not. There are studies indicating that higher RDW is correlated well with components of metabolic syndrome. because nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is now recognized as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, possible impact of the accompanying confounders on the study findings should have been detailed. There may be a patient selection bias due to use of improper cut-off values for alcohol consumption and inclusion of only subjects with normal aminotransferase levels and normal abdominal ultrasonography. Patients without hepatosteatosis on ultrasonography and with any restriction of aminotransferase levels should have been included in the control group, because isolated aminotransferase elevation is not decisive in the diagnosis of hepatosteatosis. Although iron, vitamin bb>12b> and folic acid deficiencies were included in exclusion criteria, functional forms of these molecules like methylmalonic acid, homocysteine, ferritin levels and total iron binding capacity, which are more sensitive and specific parameters for vitamin bb>12b> and folic acid deficiencies, were not mentioned. Consequently, RDW, an inexpensive, non-invasive, but powerful indicator overlooked on whole blood analysis, itself without other inflammatory markers may not accurately provide information about progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis.

关键词： Anemia Fibrosis Red cell distribution width Steatohepatitis Steatosis

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Isolation and in vivo hep-atoprotective activity of Melothria heterophylla(Lour.) *** chemically induced liver injuries in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第8期4卷 619-623页

作者： Arijit Mondal tapan Kumar Maity Dilipkumar Pal Santanu Sannigrahi Jagadish Singh Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Jadavpur UniversityKolkata-700 032India School of Pharmaceutical Sciences IFTM UniversityMoradabad-244 001India NSHM College of Pharmaceutical Technology 124 B.L Saha RoadKolkata-700 053West BengalIndia

Objective:To investigate hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extract of Melothria heterophyila Lour Cogn.（EEMH） against CCl4-induced hepatic damage in ***:β-sitosterol was isolated by column chromatography and cha... 详细信息

Objective:To investigate hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extract of Melothria heterophyila Lour Cogn.（EEMH） against CClb>4b>-induced hepatic damage in ***:β-sitosterol was isolated by column chromatography and characterized *** different doses（200 and 400 mg/kg bw） of EEMH were administered orally in alternate *** hepatoprotective activity was studied in liver by measuring biochemical parameters such as serum aspartate amino transferase（AST）,alanine amino transferase（ALT）,alkaline phosphatase（ALP）,total protein and total *** peroxidation product and different antioxidant enzyme activities were assessed in liver ***:EEMH reduced all biochemical parameters and lipid peroxidation,as well as it increased the antioxidant enzyme activities in comparison with *** protective effect of the extract on CClb>4b> induced damage was confirmed by histopathological examination of the ***:This result strongly supports the protective effect of EEMH against acute liver injury,and may be attributed to its antioxidative activity.

关键词： Carbon tetrachloride Hepatoprotective activity Melothria helerophylla β-sitosterol Silymarin

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Cytochrome P450 bM3 of bacillus megaterium-A possible endosulfan biotransforming gene

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第11期26卷 2307-2314页

作者： Muhil Vannan Seralathan Saravanadevi Sivanesan Amit bafana Sanjay Madanchand Kashyap Arrigo Patrizio Kannan Krishnamurthi tapan Chakrabarti Environmental Health Division CSIR-NEERI Nagpur 440020 India Analytical Instrumentation Division CSIR-NEERI Nagpur 440020 India CNR-ISMAC via De Marini 616149 Genova Italy

Computing chemistry was applied to understand biotransforrnation mechanism of an organochlorine pesticide, endosulfan. The stereo specific metabolic activity of human CYP-2b6 （cytochrome P450） on endosulfan has been well demonstrated. Sequence and structural similarity search revealed that the bacterium bacillus megaterium encodes CYP-bM3, which is similar to CYP-2b6. The functional similarity was studied at organism level by batch-scale studies and it was proved that b. megaterium could metabolize endosulfan to endosulfan sulfate, as CYP-2b6 does in human system. The gene expression analyses also confirmed the possible role of CYP-bM3 in endosulfan metabolism. Thus, our results show that the protein structure based in-silico approach can help us to understand and identify microbes for remediation strategy development. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report which has extrapolated the bacterial gene for endosulfan biotransformation through in silico prediction approach for metabolic gene identification.

关键词： Protein structure similarity CYP-2b6 CYP-bM3 Endosulfan

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Seasonal dynamics,kinetics,and effects of 2-hydroxyestradiol-17βon some steroidogenic enzymes in the ovary of the catfish Heteropneustes fossilis

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第5期7卷 462-473页

作者： tapan Kumar Chourasia Radha Chaube Keerikkattil Paily Joy Department of Zoology Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi221005India Hokkaido University Fisheries Sciences.3-1-1 Minato-ChoHakodateHokkaido041-8611Japan. Department of biotechnology Cochin University of Science and TechnologyKochi682022India

The synthesis of bioactive steroids is catalyzed by an array of enzymes of diverse properties and *** the present study,seasonal dynamics and kinetics of key steroidogenic enzymes,17α-hydroxylase(Cyp17a),3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(Hsd3b),20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(Hsd20a)and 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(Hsd20b)were investigated in the female catfish Heteropneustes ***,the effects of the estrogen metabolite 2-hydroxyestradiol-17β(2-OHE2)and human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG)on activities of the above enzymes,cytochrome P450 aromatase(Cyp19a1),and steroid products including testosterone and cortisol were *** enzymes under investigation showed significant seasonal variations across the annual ovarian cycle with low activity in the gonad resting *** enzymes Hsd3b and Cyp17a showed high activity during early oogenesis but the activities of Hsd20a and Hsd20b were higher towards late oogenesis in the spawning ***3b and Cyp17a elicited high apparent Km values(low substrate affinity)and high apparent Vmax in the vitellogenic phase compared to the postvitellogenic ***20a did not elicit any significant differences in the kinetic parameters between the two ***20b showed high apparent Km values(low substrate affinity)and high Vmax in the postvitellogenic *** incubation of ovarian slices with 2-OHE2 for 24 h increased dose-dependently Hsd3b,Cyp17a,Hsd20a and Hsd20b activities,similar to *** levels of the corresponding C21 steroid products,progesterone(P4),17α-hydroxyprogesterone(17-OHP4),17,20α-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one(17,20α-DP)and 17,20β-dihydoxy-4-pregnen-3-one(17,20β-DP),and cortisol were ***,2-OHE2 decreased significantly the C19 and C18 steroids,testosterone and E2 levels,and Cyp19a *** co-incubation with hCG and 2-OHE2 produced a synergistic effect on the enzyme activities except that of *** co-incubation reversed the inhibitory effect of *** data show that

关键词： Catfish ovary Steroidogenic enzyme activity and kinetics 2-Hydroxyestradiol-17β Steroidogenic shift Human chorionic gonadotropin

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基于优先模糊目标规划方法的多目标交通模型研究(英文)

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交通运输系统工程与信息 2008年第3期8卷 40-48页

作者： PRAMANIK Surapati ROY tapan Kumar Department of Mathematics Nandalal Ghosh B.T.College印度西孟加拉743126 bengal Engineefing and Science Univesity 印度西孟加拉711103

针对具有模糊因数的多目标交通问题,提出了一种优先模糊目标规划方法.本文首先建立了模糊目标的隶属度函数,其次,将隶属度函数的最大值作为期望基准并引入了偏差变量,从而将隶属度函数转化为隶属度目标.通过最小化负偏差变量得到最满意... 详细信息

针对具有模糊因数的多目标交通问题,提出了一种优先模糊目标规划方法.本文首先建立了模糊目标的隶属度函数,其次,将隶属度函数的最大值作为期望基准并引入了偏差变量,从而将隶属度函数转化为隶属度目标.通过最小化负偏差变量得到最满意解.对模糊目标不同优先级结构下的解进行了敏感性分析,并用欧氏距离函数确定了最佳的目标优先级结构,通过最小化后悔值达到决策区域理想点决策值,得到决策单元最满意解.最后,应用实例对本文方法进行了分析验证.

关键词：模糊目标规划模糊数隶属函数多目标决策多目标交通问题

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Modified chitosan hydrogels as drug delivery and tissue engineering systems:present status and applications

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica b 2012年第5期2卷 439-449页

作者： tapan Kumar Giri Amrita Thakur Amit Alexander Ajazuddin Hemant badwaik Dulal Krishna Tripathi Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research KurudBhilai 491024India

Chitosan,a natural cationic polysaccharide,is prepared industrially by the hydrolysis of the aminoacetyl groups of chitin,a naturally available marine *** is a non-toxic,biocompatible and biodegradable polymer and has attracted considerable interest in a wide range of biomedical and pharmaceutical applications including drug delivery,cosmetics,and tissue *** primary hydroxyl and amine groups located on the backbone of chitosan are responsible for the reactivity of the polymer and also act as sites for chemical ***,chitosan has certain limitations for use in controlled drug delivery and tissue *** limitations can be overcome by chemical ***,modified chitosan hydrogels have gained importance in current research on drug delivery and tissue engineering *** paper reviews the general properties of chitosan,various methods of modification,and applications of modified chitosan hydrogels.

关键词： Modified chitosan Hydrogels Drug delivery Oral delivery of protein Tissue engineering

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An <i>in Vitro</i>Approach for the Conservation of <i>Meizotropis pellita</i>: An Endangered and Endemic Plant

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第6期4卷 1233-1240页

作者： Lalit Singh tapan Kumar Nailwal Lalit Tewari Department of biotechnology Bhimtal Campus Kumaun University Nainital India Department of botany D.S.B. Campus Kumaun University Nainital India.

An efficient protocol for high frequency in vitro regeneration of Meizotropis pellita an endangered and endemic plant was developed. In vitro germination of the seeds of Patwa was achieved successfully after incubation for 10 -15 days and plantlets up to a height of 5 -7 cm with profuse rooting were observed after incubation for 7 weeks in hormone free MS medium. This in vitro germination totally reduced contamination that used to occur in the explant taken from the field. Callus induction and proliferation were observed in leaf explants after 15 -20 days of incubation in MS medium containing 2 -4, D (9.06 μM) alone or in combination with 2 -4, D (9.06 μM) + 2-iP (7.38 μM). Shoot regeneration was achieved from 2 months old callus explant in MS medium supplemented with bA (17.6 μM) + GA3 (1.0 μM). Shoot multiplication was also achieved from cotyledonary node of M. pellita in MS medium supplemented with Kinetin + GA3 (4.6 μM + 1.0 μM) or bA (13.2, 17.6 μM) + GA3 (1.0 μM) after 30 -45 days of incubation. IbA (4.9 μM) was more effective in root regeneration from micro shoots. The plantlets after acclimatization over a period of 1 month were further hardened in a polyhouse for two months. On the basis of available literature this is the first and significant study regarding the comparative effect of different PGRs on in-vitro propagation of Meizotropis pellita by using different explants and their subsequent effect on rooting. This significant study could be useful for large scale production of successfully hardened plants and conservation of this shrub.

关键词： Patwa Patwadanger Meizotropis pellita

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