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Transpiration and growth responses by Eucalyptus species to progressive soil drying

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第5期33卷 1529-1543页

作者： Marcel Carvalho Abreu Alvaro Augusto Vieira soares Cleverson Henrique de Freitas Fabrina Bolzan Martins Department of Environment Science Forest InstituteFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroSeropédicaRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil Institute of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of UberlândiaMonte CarmeloMinas Gerais 38405-302Brazil “Luiz de Queiroz”College of Agriculture University of São PauloPiracicabaSão Paulo 13418-900Brazil Natural Resources Institute Federal University of ItajubáItajubáMinas Gerais 37500-903Brazil

The regulation of plant transpiration is a key factor affecting transpiration efficiency, growth and adaptation of Eucalyptus species to limited water availability in tropical and subtropical environments. However, few studies have related this trait to the performance of Eucalyptus seedlings and none have investigated the influence of vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on transpiration rates and growth. In this study, the transpiration and growth responses of seedlings of Eucalyptus urophylla (S.T. Blake) and Eucalyptus cloeziana (F. Muell.) to progressive soil water deficits were evaluated under semi-controlled conditions using the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) method. In addition, the influence of VPD on seedling transpiration, development and growth was also investigated. The FTSW threshold ranged from 0.40 to 0.99 for the transpiration rate and from 0.32 to 0.97 for the development and growth variables. Little or no changes in the FTSW threshold were detected in response to changes in atmospheric VPD. Both Eucalyptus species presented a conservation strategy under drought stress. In addition, water-conserving mechanisms during the seedling phase were related to rapid stomatal closure, reduced leaf area, and number of leaves.

关键词： Soil water deficit Fraction of transpirable soil water Transpiration Seedling growth Vapor pressure deficit

Uncertainty in sap flow of Brazilian mahogany determined by the heat ratio method

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第4期32卷 1457-1466页

作者： Alisson Macendo Amaral Frederico Antonio Loureiro soares Lucas Melo Vellame Marconi Batista Teix.ira Federal Institute North of Minas Gerais(IFNMG) Campus ArinosMG-202 RoadKm 407ArinosMinas Gerais 38.680-000Brazil Federal Institute of Goiano(IF Goiano) Campus Rio VerdeSul Goiana RoadMailbox 66Rio VerdeGoiás 75.901-970Brazil Center for Agricultural Sciences Biological and EnvironmentalDepartment of Water Engineering and SoilFederal University of Bahia Reconcavo(UFRB)Rui Barbosa Street710Cruz das AlmasBahia 44380-000Brazil

The tropical arboreal species Brazilian mahogany(Swietenia macrophylla) is very important economically and ecologically,for which understanding ecophysiological variables such as sap flow will improve understanding of the species and its *** paper aims to measure uncertainties(U) involved in the application of the heat ratio method for determining sap flow in Brazilian mahogany using sets of heating probes and thermometers installed on plants of 18 months of age,cultivated in Yellow Latosol,under a weighing lysimeter and located in a protected *** uncertainty in sap flow was calculated as the combination of uncertainty in the thermal diffusivity(U_(k)),conductive section(U_(Sc)) and corrected sap velocity(U_(Vc)).U_(k) had greater weight in determining the flow of sap in Brazilian mahogany,when compared to U_(Sc) and U_(Vc).The thermal diffusivity during the cycle,or period evaluated,must be adjusted to improve the accuracy of the heat ratio method because the sap flow overestimated transpiration by 15.0%.When soil water was optimal In addition,the vapor pressure deficit linearly and indirectly influenced the SF with a difference of 14.6%.

关键词： Heat pulse Diffusivity Reliability Transpiration Vapor pressure deficit

Acromyrmex.ameliae sp. n. （Hymenoptera： Formicidae）： A new social parasite of leaf-cutting ants in Brazil

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Insect Science 2007年第3期14卷 251-257页

作者： DANIVAL JOSE DE SOUZA ILKA MARIA FERNANDES soares TEREZINHA MARIA CASTRO DELLA LUCIA Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de 1'Insecte Université Francois Rabelais Tours France Departamento de Biologia Animal Laboratório de Ecologia de Comunidades Departamento de Biologia Geral Universidade Federal de Vicosa MG 36570-000 Brazil

The fungus-growing ants （Tribe Attini） are a New World group of〉 200 species, all obligate symbionts with a fungus they use for food. Four attine tax. are known to be social parasites of other attines. Acromyrmex.（ Pseudoatta） argentina argentina and Acromyrmex.（Pseudoatta） argentina platensis （parasites of Acromyrmex.lundi）, and Acromyrmex.sp. （a parasite of Acromyrmex.rugosus） produce no worker caste. In contrast, the recently discovered Acromyrmex.insinuator （a parasite of Acromyrmex.echinatior） does produce workers. Here, we describe a new species, Acromyrmex.ameliae, a social parasite of Acromyrmex.subterraneus subterraneus and Acromyrmex.subterraneus brunneus in Minas Gerais, Brasil. Like A. insinuator, it produces workers and appears to be closely related to its hosts. Similar social parasites may be fairly common in the fungus-growing ants, but overlooked due to the close resemblance between parasite and host workers.

关键词： Acromyrmex leaf-cutting ants social evolution social parasitism

Biochar Increases Diuron Sorption and Reduces the Potential Contamination of Subsurface Water with Diuron in a Sandy Soil

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Pedosphere 2019年第6期29卷 801-809页

作者： Fabiano APETTER tamara SFERREIRA Adilson PSINHORIN Larissa BLIMA Fernandes AALMEIDA Leandro PPACHECO Alex.ndre FSILVA Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e AmbientaisSinop 78557-267(Brazil Universidade Federal do Piauí Programa de Pós-Graduaçño em AgronomiaBom Jesus 64900-000(Brazil Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Instituto de Ciencias NaturaisSociais e HumanasSinop 78557-267(Brazil Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Instituto de Engenharia Agrícola e AmbientalRondonópolis 78735-000(Brazil Embrapa Milho e Sorgo Sete Lagoas 35701-970(Brazil

The herbicide diuron is widely used in agricultural areas in Brazil, whereas it has high potential for subsurface water contamination due to its physicochemical characteristics. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of biochar as a sorbent and possible pesticide leaching mitigation. The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of biochar application on the kinetics of sorption and desorption of diuron in a Cerrado Haplic Plinthosol. Samples were collected in an ex.eriment conducted in the field in a randomized block design consisting of the combination of two levels of fertilizer application (0 and 300 kg ha −1 of 5-25-15 formula of NPK fertilizers) and three doses of biochar (0, 16, and 32 Mg ha −1 ). The Freundlich isotherm accurately described the sorption of diuron in all treatments. Biochar application increased the sorption and reduced the desorption of diuron. This effect was attributed to the contribution of biochar to total organic carbon (C) and C in the humin fraction and to the increase in the reactivity of the humic acid and humin fractions, which was significantly highly correlated with the sorption coefficient ( K f ). A positive correlation between the partition coefficient of organic C and K f confirmed the importance of the soil organic compartment for the sorption of diuron. The higher diuron sorption and lower diuron desorption capacities of sandy soils after biochar application could reduce the potential risk of diuron leaching and contamination of subsurface water.

关键词： Herbicide Leaching Partition coefficient Persistence Pyrogenic carbon Soil organic matter Sorption coefficient

Playing Well on the Data FAIRground:Initiatives and Infrastructure in Research Data Management

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Data Intelligence 2019年第4期1卷 350-367页

作者： Danielle Descoteaux.Chiara Farinelli Marina soares e Silva Anita de Waard Elsevier Inc50 Hampshire StCambridgeMA 02139USA Elsevier B.V.Radarweg 292043NX AmsterdamThe Netherlands

Over the past five years,Elsevier has focused on implementing FAIR and best practices in data management,from data preservation through *** this paper we describe a series of efforts undertaken in this time to support proper data management *** particular,we discuss our journal data policies and their implementation,the current status and future goals for the research data management platform Mendeley Data,and clear and persistent linkages to individual data sets stored on ex.ernal data repositories from corresponding published papers through partnership with *** analysis of our data policies implementation confirms significant disparities at the subject level regarding data sharing practices,with most uptake within disciplines of Physical *** directions at Elsevier include implementing better discoverability of linked data within an article and incorporating research data usage metrics.

关键词： Open data Data sharing Data citation Open research

Species-specific biomass allometric models and ex.ansion factors for indigenous and planted forests of the Mozambique highlands

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1047-1065页

作者： Tarquinio Mateus Magalhaes Victoria Norberto Cossa Benard soares Guedes Amélia Saraiva Monguela Fanheiro Departamento de Engenharia Florestal Faculdade de Agronomia e Engenharia FlorestalUniversidade Eduardo MondlaneCampus UniversitárioEdifício no.1257MaputoRepública de Mocambique Departamento de Sociologia Rural Escola Superior de Desenvolvimento RuralUniversidade Eduardo MondlaneVilankuloRepública de Mocambique

Secondary Miombo woodlands and forest plantations occupy increasing areas in Mozambique,the former due to anthropogenic ***,mainly species of Eucalyptus and Pinus,are being established on sites previously covered by secondary Miombo *** affects the evolution,cycle and spatiotemporal patterns of carbon(C)storage and stocks in forest *** estimation of C storage,which is indispensable for formulating climate change policies on sequestrating CO_(2),requires tools such as biomass models and biomass conversion and ex.ansion factors(BCEF).In Mozambique,these tools are needed for both indigenous forests and *** objective of this study is to fit species-specific allometric biomass models and BCEF for ex.tic and indigenous tree *** incorporate efficient inter-species variability,biomass equations were fitted using nonlinear mix.d-effects *** tree component biomass models had good predictability;however,better predictive accuracy and ability was observed for the 2-predictors biomass model with tree height as a second *** majority of the variability in BCEF was ex.lained by the variation in tree *** species had larger crown biomass per unit of stem diameter and stored larger amounts of biomass per stem ***,due to relatively rapid growth,larger stem diameters,heights,and stand density,the plantations stored more biomass per tree and per unit area.

关键词： Biomass allometry Biomass partitioning Miombo Ex.tic forest plantations Brachystegia spiciformis Julbernardia globifl ora Eucalyptus Pinus

Nonlocal material properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2012年第2期3卷 141-151页

作者： J.V.Araújo dos Santos C.M.Mota soares IDMEC Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade Técnica de Lisboa1049-001 LisboaPortugal

Natural frequencies of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)obtained using a model based on Eringen’s nonlocal continuum mechanics and the Timoshenko beam theory are compared with those obtained by molecular dynamics *** goal was to determine the values of the material constant,considered here as a nonlocal property,as a function of the length and the diameter of *** present approach has the advantage of eliminating the SWCNT thickness from the computations.A sensitivity analysis of natural frequencies to changes in the nonlocal material constant is also carried out and it shows that the influence of the nonlocal effects decreases with an increase in the SWCNT *** matching of natural frequencies shows that the nonlocal material constant varies with the natural frequency and the SWCNT length and diameter.

关键词： nonlocal mechanics molecular dynamics simulation single-walled carbon nanotube Timoshenko beam

Sex.differences in the risk of retinopathy of prematurity:a systematic review,frequentist and Bayesian meta‑analysis,and meta‑regression

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 340-352页

作者： tamara M.Hundscheid Silvia Gulden Mohamad F.Almutairi František Bartoš Giacomo Cavallaro Eduardo Villamor Division of Neonatology Department of PediatricsMosaKids Children’s HospitalMaastricht University Medical Center(MUMC+)School for Oncology and Reproduction(GROW)Maastricht UniversityP.Debyelaan 25.P.O.Box 58006202 AZ MaastrichtThe Netherlands Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Sant’Anna HospitalComoItaly Department of Psychology University of Amsterdam1001 NK AmsterdamThe Netherlands Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly

Background Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)is generally considered to be more frequent in males than in ***,it is not known whether sex.differences in ROP affect all degrees of the condition,are global and have changed as neonatology has *** aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies addressing sex.differences in the risk of developing *** PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases were *** frequentist,random-effects risk ratio(RR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)were *** model averaged(BMA)meta-analysis was used to calculate the Bayes factors(BFs).The BF10 is the ratio of the probability of the data under the alternative hypothesis(H1)over the probability of the data under the null hypothesis(H0).Results We included 205 studies(867,252 infants).Frequentist meta-analysis showed a positive association between male sex.and severe ROP(113 studies,RR=1.14,95%CI=1.07–1.22)but no association with any ROP(144 studies,RR=1.00,95%CI=0.96–1.03).BMA showed ex.reme evidence in favor of H1 for severe ROP(BF10=71,174)and strong evidence in favor of H0 for any ROP(BF10=0.05).The association between male sex.and severe ROP remained stable over time and was present only in cohorts from countries with a high or high-middle sociodemographic *** Our study confirms the presence of a male disadvantage in severe ROP but not in less severe forms of the *** are variations in the sex.differences in ROP,depending on geographical location and sociodemographic level of the countries.

关键词： Ox.dative stress Retinopathy of prematurity Sex.characteristics

西部农村地区家庭暴力发生情况及对妇女精神健康的影响

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北京大学学报（医学版） 2012年第3期44卷 379-386页

作者：高燕秋 tamara Jacka 北京大学公共卫生学院妇女与儿童青少年卫生学系北京100191 Department of Political&Social Change College of Asia and the PacificAustralian National UniversityCanberra ACT0200Australia

目的:了解西部农村针对妇女的家庭暴力发生情况及对妇女精神健康的影响。方法:使用夫妻冲突量表(the revised Conflict Tactics Scale,CTS2)及自编问卷对宁夏某县1 577名妇女进行调查。结果:24.6%的妇女报告过去1年遭受过精神暴力,轻度... 详细信息

目的:了解西部农村针对妇女的家庭暴力发生情况及对妇女精神健康的影响。方法:使用夫妻冲突量表(the revised Conflict Tactics Scale,CTS2)及自编问卷对宁夏某县1 577名妇女进行调查。结果:24.6%的妇女报告过去1年遭受过精神暴力,轻度和重度精神暴力的发生率分别为23.9%和7.0%;5.5%的妇女过去1年遭受过躯体暴力,轻度和重度躯体暴力的发生率分别为4.4%和4.1%;1.1%的妇女报告过去1年曾受过性暴力。有2.2%的妇女报告在过去1年中曾因家庭暴力受到躯体伤害,轻度和重度躯体伤害的发生率分别为2.1%和1.0%。妇女过去任何时候曾经遭受家庭暴力的比例分别为精神暴力30%,躯体暴力16.3%,性暴力1.8%,躯体伤害6.4%。妇女精神健康分别用过去1个月精神症状出现的种类、过去1年是否有过自杀意念和过去1年心理精神健康状况的自我评价3个指标来描述,多元线性回归和Logistic回归显示,在同时考虑年龄、家庭收入、丈夫是否外出打工这3个因素时,家庭暴力持续显示为影响妇女精神健康的重要因素,遭受精神暴力或躯体暴力的妇女表述过去1个月内出现更多种类的精神症状;过去1年遭受过精神暴力的妇女,其过去1年出现自杀意念的风险是未遭受过精神暴力者的3.98倍,其自我评价过去1年心理精神健康状况差的风险是未遭受过精神暴力者的1.67倍;过去1年遭受过躯体暴力的妇女,其过去1年出现自杀意念的风险是未遭受过躯体暴力者的4.72倍,其自我评价过去1年心理精神健康状况差的风险是未遭受过躯体暴力者的4.57倍。研究还显示,老年妇女和家庭收入极低的妇女为精神健康的危险人群。结论:针对农村妇女的家庭暴力发生情况不容乐观,家庭暴力对妇女的身心健康造成极大威胁,今后应采取有效措施,降低类似农村地区家庭暴力的发生,保护妇女,提高其生活质量。

关键词：家庭暴力精神卫生妇女农村卫生自我伤害行为