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Journal of Earth Science 2011年第4期22卷 431-440页

作者： nozomu takeuchi Yoriko Ishida 李忠勤 Department of Earth Sciences Graduate School of Science Chiba University Chiba 263-8552 Japan State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences/Tien Shan Glaciological Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Geography and Environment Sciences Northwest Normal University

Insoluble particle concentration in ice cores is commonly analyzed as a proxy for varia- tions in atmospheric mineral dust （aerosol concentration）. However, recent studies have revealed that the mineral dust is not only a constituent of the particles but that biogenic organic particles are also contained. We microscopically analyzed insoluble particles in a shallow ice core drilled on a mountain glacier, the Urumqi Glacier No. 1, in eastern Tienshan, China. We distinguished different morphological particles in the ice core and quantified them separately. Results showed that the insoluble particles in this ice core consisted mainly of mineral particles, amorphous organic particles, pollen, and micro- organisms. Mineral particles were the most dominant, accounting for approximately 67% of total par- ticles, and amorphous organic particles were the second most dominant, accounting for approximately 33% of the total. The annual variation in the particles for the last 11 years differed between mineral and amorphous organic particles. The results suggest that the total insoluble particle concentration in the ice core reflects not only the atmospheric mineral dust but also the organic particles blown from ground soil or produced by microbes on the glacial surface.

关键词： ice core insoluble particle mineral dust microbes organic particles.

Surface mass balance on Glacier No. 31 in the Suntar–Khayata Range, eastern Siberia, from 1951 to 2014

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第3期14卷 501-512页

作者： ZHANG Yong ENOMOTO Hiroyuki OHATA Tetsuo KADOTA Tsutomu SHIRAKAWA Tatsuo takeuchi nozomu Arctic Environment Research Center National Institute of Polar ResearchTokyo 190-8518Japan The Graduate University for Advanced Studies Tokyo 190-8518Japan Japan Agency for Marin-Earth Science and Technology Yokohama 237-0061Japan Kitami Institute of Technology Kitami 090-8507Japan Department of Earth Sciences Graduate School of ScienceChiba UniversityChiba 263-8522Japan

This study presents a 64-year （1951-2014） reconstruction of the surface mass balance of Glacier No. 31, located in the Suntar-Khayata Range of the eastern Siberia, where the ablation zone is characterized by the extensive dark ice surface. We use a temperature index-based glacier mass-balance model, which computes all major components of glacier mass budget and is forced by daily air temperature and precipitation from a nearby meteorological station. The glacier shows a mean annual mass balance of -0.35 m w.e.a-1 during the past 64 years, with an acceleration of -0.50 m w.e. a^-1 during the recent years. A cumulative mass loss of the glacier is -22.3 m w.e. over the study period, about 56% of which is observed during 1991-2014. In addition to the contribution of temperature rise and precipitation decrease to recent mass loss of the glacier, an experimental analysis, in which the clean and dark ice surfaces are respectively assumed to cover the entire ablation zone, indicates that dark ice surface, caused by insoluble impurities consisting of mineral dusts, eryoconite granules, and ice algae, plays a crucial role in the changing mass balance through enhancing melt rates in the ablation zone of the glacier.

关键词： Mass balance Dark ice surface GlacierNo. 31 Suntar-Khayata Range Siberia

Heavy Metal-Polluted Aerosols Collected at a Rural Site,Northwest China

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第3期28卷 535-544页

作者： Xiaoyu Zhang Zhongqin Li nozomu takeuchi Feiteng Wang Shengjie Wang Xiaoni You Ping Zhou State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research InstituteTianshan Glaciological StationChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Department of Earth Sciences Graduate School of ScieneeChiba UniversityChiba 263-8522Japan College of Geography and Environment Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730000China Tianshui Normal University Tianshui 741001China

Daily samples of aerosol（n=27） were collected from September 21 st to October 4th, 2013 in Fukang（44.17°N, 88.45°E, 475 m a.s.l.）, Xinjiang, Northwest China. The enrichment factors（EFc） of selected 49 elements showed that the aerosols had extremely high concentrations of heavy metals, probably indicating their anthropogenic origins. Morphology of individual aerosol particles was determined by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Based on morphology and elemental composition, the particles were clustered into three dominant types：（Ⅰ） crustal originated particles： Si/Al-rich particles（36%） and Si/Fe-rich particles（24%）;（Ⅱ） mixed source particles; and（Ⅲ） pollution derived particles： Pb-rich particles（10%）. The backward trajectories were calculated using the HYSPLIT model, and the results indicated the different anthropogenic sources for heavy metals in Fukang aerosols. Air mass from north was identified as the most polluted source when compared to south and west.

关键词： heavy metal pollution aerosols Central Asia

Chemistry and environmental significance of aerosols collected in the eastern Tianshan

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2017年第5期9卷 455-466页

作者： XiaoYu Zhang ShengJie Wang Xin Zhang Ping Zhou Shuang Jin ZhongQin Li nozomu takeuchi State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Geography and Environment Science Northwest Normal University Department of Earth Sciences Graduate School of Science Chiba University 1-33 Yayoicho Inage-ku

Aerosol samples were collected at altitudes from 584 m *** 3,804 m *** seven sites of the eastern *** occurrence,distribution,and possible sources of 47 trace metals—including alkali metals and alkali earth metals,transition metals,lanthanoids,and heavy metals—were *** was found that four sampling sites(Shuinichang,1,691 m a.s.l.;Urumqi City,809 m a.s.l.;Fu Kang Station,584 m a.s.l.;and Bogeda Glacier No.4,3,613 m a.s.l.)were contaminated mainly by heavy *** three high-altitude sites(Urumqi Glacier No.1,3,804 m a.s.l.;Wang Feng road-maintenance station,3,039 m a.s.l.;and Tianshan Glaciology Station,2,135 m a.s.l.)were not *** aerosol particles were clustered into two dominant types:crust-originated particles and pollution-derived *** from UG1,WF,and TGS were characterized by crust-originated particles such as clay,plagioclase,dolomite,alkali feldspar,and biotite;while those from SNC,Urumqi,FK,and BG4 were characterized by high content of Cl-rich particles,S-rich particles,and *** backward-trajectories results indicated that air masses arriving at SNC,Urumqi,FK,and BG4 were identified as the more polluted source,when compared to the short-range air mass transport from the North to UGI and *** lower altitude,as well as terrain blocking,might be another important reason for the gradient difference in pollution influence among these seven places in the Urumqi River Basin.

关键词： heavy-metal pollution aerosols central Asia

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天山哈密榆树沟冰川冰尘特征及其成因

干旱区地理 2014年第3期37卷 429-438页

作者：许慧李忠勤 nozomu takeuchi 张晓宇洛书飞中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/天山冰川站甘肃兰州730000 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院甘肃兰州730070 日本千叶大学千叶263-8522

利用2011年8月在哈密榆树沟冰川采集的5个冰样,通过石蜡切片技术、16SrRNA系统发育分析及无机颗粒粒度分析方法,结合野外考察,对榆树沟冰川冰尘(cryoconite)的结构特征及形成过程进行了分析研究。结果表明:榆树沟冰川冰尘粒径为0.22～2.... 详细信息

利用2011年8月在哈密榆树沟冰川采集的5个冰样,通过石蜡切片技术、16SrRNA系统发育分析及无机颗粒粒度分析方法,结合野外考察,对榆树沟冰川冰尘(cryoconite)的结构特征及形成过程进行了分析研究。结果表明:榆树沟冰川冰尘粒径为0.22～2.9mm,由有机部分(蓝藻、有机质)与无机部分(无机矿物颗粒)结合形成球状聚合体,它的生长具有季节性并且具有生长、裂解交替循环的生命周期;通过核糖体DNA扩增片段限制性内切酶分析(Amplifed Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis,ARDRA),将蓝藻16SrRNA基因文库中的214个阳性克隆分为9个不同的操作分类单元(Operational Taxonomic Unites,OTUs)。经过基因测序、BLAST比对及系统发育分析将9个OTUs归为:颤藻目,色球藻目和未定类群,其中颤藻目为冰尘中蓝藻的绝对优势类群;冰尘中无机矿物颗粒(d<3.5μm)在数量上占绝对优势,体积分布的粒径众数值为14μm,较其它冰川而言,粒径众数较大。经估算,冰尘中有机部分所占比例明显大于无机颗粒,故影响冰川消融区表面反照率的主要因素为冰尘中的有机部分。

关键词：榆树沟冰川冰尘有机物质蓝藻无机矿物颗粒冰川反照率

冰尘结构特征及形成分析——以乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川为例

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冰川冻土 2013年第5期35卷 1118-1125页

作者：许慧李忠勤 nozomu takeuchi 张晓宇张国飞中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/天山冰川站甘肃兰州730000 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院甘肃兰州730070 日本千叶大学理学研究科地球科学科

利用2007-2010年夏季在乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川采集的5个冰样, 对冰样中冰尘的特征、冰尘中蓝藻的种类及冰尘中无机矿物颗粒的粒度特征进行了分析研究. 研究表明：冰尘为棕色球状聚合体, 粒径为0.27~3.5 mm, 分布在冰川消融区表面, 其组... 详细信息

利用2007-2010年夏季在乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川采集的5个冰样, 对冰样中冰尘的特征、冰尘中蓝藻的种类及冰尘中无机矿物颗粒的粒度特征进行了分析研究. 研究表明：冰尘为棕色球状聚合体, 粒径为0.27~3.5 mm, 分布在冰川消融区表面, 其组成成分为有机质、无机矿物颗粒和微生物. 冰尘有4种主要的内部结构：类型Ⅰ, 具有同心层结构的冰尘;类型Ⅱ, 带有亚颗粒的冰尘;类型Ⅲ, 内部无明显结构的冰尘;类型Ⅳ, 中心位置处具有较大无机颗粒的冰尘. 冰尘中无机矿物颗粒的数量主要分布在d〈3.5 μm的范围内, 且体积分布的粒径众数介于3~25 μm之间. 同时, 对冰尘中的蓝藻进行了16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析, 共从蓝藻16S rRNA基因文库中筛选了247个阳性克隆, RFLP分型得到10个不同的OTUs. BLAST比对, 系统发育分析将这10个OTUs归为颤藻目（Oscillatoriales）、色球藻目（Chroococcales）、未定种（Unclassified）. 颤藻目为绝对优势类群, 占整个基因克隆文库的91%. 经估算, 冰尘中存在大量的有机物质和微生物, 无机矿物颗粒只占了很小的比例, 表明影响冰川消融区表面反照率的主要因素为冰尘中的有机部分, 包括有机物质和微生物.

关键词：冰尘有机物质蓝藻无机矿物颗粒冰川反照率