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Impact of Helicobacter pylori infection on gut microbiota

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第37期27卷 6224-6230页

作者： Chikara Iino tadashi shimoyama Department of Gastroenterology Hirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki 036-8562Japan Department of Internal Medicine Aomori General Health Examination CenterAomori 030-0962Japan

A number of studies have revealed the association between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection and the gut microbiota.More than half of the investigations on the impact of H.pylori on the gut microbiota have been the sub-analyses of the influence of eradication therapy.It was observed that H.pylori eradication altered gut microbiota within a short period after eradication,and majority of the alterations took a long period of time to reverse back to the original.Changes in the gut microbiota within a short period after eradication may be attributed to antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors.Modification of gastric acidity in the stomach caused by a long-term H.pylori infection alters the gut microbiota.Analysis of the gut microbiota should be conducted in a large population,adjusting for considerable biases associated with the composition of the gut microbiota,such as age,sex,body mass index,diet and the virulence of H.pylori.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Gut microbiota Atrophic gastritis Eradication Proton pump inhibitor

Stool antigen tests for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第45期19卷 8188-8191页

作者： tadashi shimoyama Department of Gastroenterology Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine Hirosaki 036-8562Japan

Stool antigen tests(SATs)are noninvasive diagnostic modules for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.Two types of SATs exist for the diagnosis of H.pylori infection,one based on enzyme immunoassay(EIA)and another on immunochromatography(ICA).SATs do not require expensive chemical agents or specified equipment;hence,they are less expensive compared with the urea breath test.Both European and Japanese guidelines have shown that EIA-based SATs using monoclonal antibodies are useful for primary diagnosis as well as for the assessment of eradication therapy.ICA-based tests do not require particular equipment and are therefore useful in developing countries.SATs are also useful for the diagnosis of H.pylori infection in children and post gastric surgery patients.SATs performed via EIA can assess H.pylori infection in a large number of subjects,almost as well as serology.Thus,SATs would be useful or detecting current infection in such a survey to identify and eradicate H.pylori infection.The accuracy of SATs is lower when the stool samples are unformed or watery,because H.pylorispecific antigens in the stool samples are diluted.Temperature and the interval between stool sample collection and measurement also affect the results of SATs.The choice of test kit depends on the sensitivity and specificity in each region and the circumstances of each patient.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Stool antigen test Diagnosis Enzyme immunoassay Immunochromatography

Influence of proton pump inhibitor treatment on Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第1期18卷 44-48页

作者： Masaaki Kodama Kazunari Murakami Tadayoshi Okimoto Yoshihiro Fukuda tadashi shimoyama Masumi Okuda Chieko Kato Intetsu Kobayashi Toshio Fujioka Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama Division Health Science Center Oita University General Medicine and Community Health Science Hyogo College of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine Toyama City Medical Association Health Management Center Department of Microbiology Toho University

AIM: To investigate the effects of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment on stool antigen test using the TestMate pylori enzyme immunoassay. METHODS: This study assessed 28 patients [16 men and 12 women; mean age (63.1 ± 5.9) years; range, 25-84 years] who underwent stool antigen test and urea breath test (UBT) before and after PPI administration. RESULTS: Using the UBT as the standard, the sensitivity, specif icity and agreement of the stool antigen test in all 28 patients were 95.2%, 71.4%, and 89.3%, respectively, before PPI administration, and 88.9%, 90.9%, and 89.3%, respectively, after PPI treatment. Mean UBT values were 23.98% ± 5.33% before and 16.19% ± 4.75% after PPI treatment and, in 15 patients treated for ≥ 4 wk, were signif icantly lower after than before 4 wk of PPI treatment (12.58% ± 4.49% vs 24.53% ± 8.53%, P = 0.048). The mean optical density (A450/630) ratios on the stool antigen test were 1.16 ± 0.20 before and 1.17 ± 0.24 after PPI treatment (P = 0.989), and were 1.02 ± 0.26 and 0.69 ± 0.28, respectively, in the group treated for > 4 wk (P = 0.099).

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Stool antigen test Urea breath test Proton pump inhibitor

Refinement of Adaptive Dynamical Simulation of Quantum Mechanical Double Slit Interference Phenomenon

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第3期15卷 239-249页

作者： tadashi Ando Andrei Khrennikov Ichiro Yamato Department of Applied Electronics Tokyo University of Science Tokyo Japan International Center for Mathematical Modelling in Physics and Cognitive Sciences Linnaeus University V&aumlxj&oum Sweden Department of Biological Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science Tokyo Japan

We applied adaptive dynamics to double slit interference phenomenon using particle model and obtained partial successful results in our previous report. The patterns qualitatively corresponded well with experiments. Several properties such as concave single slit pattern and large influence of slight displacement of the emission position were different from the experimental results. In this study we tried other slit conditions and obtained consistent patterns with experiments. We do not claim that the adaptive dynamics is the principle of quantum mechanics, but the present results support the probability of adaptive dynamics as the candidate of the basis of quantum mechanics. We discuss the advantages of the adaptive dynamical view for foundations of quantum mechanics.

关键词： Double Slit Interference Adaptive Dynamics Quantum Mechanics Particle Model Simulation

The neutrophil–osteogenic cell axis promotes bone destruction in periodontitis

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 154-162页

作者： Yutaro Ando Masayuki Tsukasaki Nam Cong-Nhat Huynh Shizao Zang Minglu Yan Ryunosuke Muro Kazutaka Nakamura Masatsugu Komagamine Noriko Komatsu Kazuo Okamoto Kenta Nakano tadashi Okamura Akira Yamaguchi Kazuyuki Ishihara Hiroshi Takayanagi Department of Immunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of Tokyo7-3-1HongoBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan Department of Microbiology Tokyo Dental College2-1-14 Kanda-Misaki-choChiyoda-kuTokyoJapan Oral Health Science Center Tokyo Dental College2-9-18Kanda-Misaki-choChiyodakuTokyoJapan Department of Osteoimmunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of Tokyo7-3-1HongoBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan Unit of Prosthodontics Laboratory of Oral-Maxillofacial Biology Faculty of Odonto-StomatologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Sensory and Motor System MedicineGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan

The immune-stromal cell interactions play a key role in health and diseases. In periodontitis, the most prevalent infectious disease in humans, immune cells accumulate in the oral mucosa and promote bone destruction by inducing receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) expression in osteogenic cells such as osteoblasts and periodontal ligament cells. However, the detailed mechanism underlying immune–bone cell interactions in periodontitis is not fully understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNAsequencing analysis on mouse periodontal lesions and showed that neutrophil–osteogenic cell crosstalk is involved in periodontitis-induced bone loss. The periodontal lesions displayed marked infiltration of neutrophils, and in silico analyses suggested that the neutrophils interacted with osteogenic cells through cytokine production. Among the cytokines expressed in the periodontal neutrophils, oncostatin M (OSM) potently induced RANKL expression in the primary osteoblasts, and deletion of the OSM receptor in osteogenic cells significantly ameliorated periodontitis-induced bone loss. Epigenomic data analyses identified the OSM-regulated RANKL enhancer region in osteogenic cells, and mice lacking this enhancer showed decreased periodontal bone loss while maintaining physiological bone metabolism. These findings shed light on the role of neutrophils in bone regulation during bacterial infection, highlighting the novel mechanism underlying osteoimmune crosstalk.

关键词： period neutrophil destruction

Withdrawing method of the stiffening tube incidentally inserted into the descending colon

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第34期11卷 5390-5391页

作者： Shinsaku Fukuda Tatsuya Mikami tadashi shimoyama Norihiro Hanabata Hideki Iwamura Akihiro Munakata First Department of Internal Medicine Hirosaki University School of Medicine Hirosaki Japan Tsugaru Center Hospital for Adult Tsugaru Japan

We experienced a very rare complication of colonoscopy,a migration of stiffening tube into the colorectum. We herein introduce a withdrawing method of migrating stiffening tube incidentally inserted into the colorectum.A 65-year-old Japanese woman underwent colonoscopy because of abdominal discomfort. We used stiffening tube to insert the scope to the proximal colon because of her redundant sigmoid colon. When withdrawing the scope,we realized that the tube was fully inside the colorectum.We could not remove the tube instantly, and it reached the splenic flexure, finally. We reinserted the scope through the migrating tube, straightened the scope, and withdrew it holding a slight angle of the scope over the proximal end of the tube. Then, we could safely remove the tube along with the scope through the anus.

关键词：硬管嵌入结肠损伤结肠镜检查并发症

Relation of CagA seropositivity to cagPAI phenotype and histological grade of gastritis in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第24期11卷 3751-3755页

作者： tadashi shimoyama Shinsaku Fukuda Fumika Nakasato Tetsuro Yoshimura Tatsuya Mikami Akihiro Munakata First Department of Internal Medicine

AIM: Infection with Helicobacter pylori(H pylon) possessing the cag pathogenicity island (PAI) has been associated with severe clinical outcome and CagA-antibody has been used to indicate cagPAI-positive infection. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of CagA seropositivity to indicate the virulence of the cagPAI in Japan. METHODS: Sixty isolates of H pylori cultured from gastricbiopsies were examined by polymerase chain reaction assays for the presence of cagA, cagE and VirD4. AntiCagA IgG antibody in matching sera was tested by both ELISA and immunoblot assay. Histological grade of gastritis was graded according to the updated Sydney System.RESULTS: Amongst 53 patients infected with cagA+/cagE+/ViD4+ strain, 38 were CagA seropositive. There were fourpatients infected with strains possessing incomplete cagPAI.Two out of three patients with cagA+/cagE-/VirD4- infection were CagA seropositive, while a patient with cagA-/cagE+/VirD4+ infection was CagA seronegative. Accuracy of ELISA to predict bacterial possession of cagA was 61.7% whereas 58.3% for cagEand VirD4. The immunoblot assay showed relatively higher sensitivity and showed better accuracy. The lower grade of gastric mucosal inflammatory infiltration was seen in false CagA-seronegative patients.CONCLUSION: Some serodiagnosis does not seem tohave enough accuracy to indicate virulence of cagPAI,particularly in infection of strains with incomplete cagPAI.The degree of gastric mucosal inflammation may affect the results of CagA serodiagnosis.

关键词： CagA cagPAI 组织级别胃炎幽门螺杆菌细菌感染

Acute esophageal necrosis caused by alcohol abuse

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第35期11卷 5568-5570页

作者： Tetsu Endo Juichi Sakamoto Ken Sato Miyako Takimoto Koji Shimaya Tatsuya Mikami Akihiro Munakata tadashi shimoyama Shinsaku Fukuda First Department of Internal Medicine Hirosaki University School of Medicine 5 Zaifucho Hirosaki Aomori 036-8562 Japan

Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN) is extremely rare and the pathogenesis of this is still unknown. We report a case of AEN caused by alcohol abuse. In our case, the main pathogenesis could be accounted for low systemic perfusion caused by severe alcoholic lactic acidosis. After the healing of AEN, balloon dilatation was effective to manage the stricture.

关键词：急性食管坏死酒精依赖病理机制气管扩张术

Ablation for Benign Liver Tumors:Current Concepts and Limitations

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第1期11卷 244-252页

作者： Hitoshi Maruyama Maki Tobari Hiroaki Nagamatsu tadashi Yamaguchi Shuichiro Shiina Department of Gastroenterology Juntendo UniversityTokyoJapan Center for Frontier Medical Engineering Chiba UniversityChibaJapan

Percutaneous ablation under imaging guidance is a curative treatment that can induce complete tumor necrosis with advantages of minimal invasiveness and a low risk of complications.Thermal ablation,which includes radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation,is a representative technique that has sufficient antitumor effects in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma with≤3 lesions measuring≤3 cm and preserved liver function.The short-and long-term outcomes of patients are comparable with those achieved with surgical resection.Despite their nonmalignant nature,some benign liver tumors require treatment for symptoms caused by the presence of the tumor and/or continuous enlargement.Ablation may be the treatment of choice because it has lower burden on patients than surgical treatment.This review describes the recent concepts,progress,and limitations of ablation-based treatment for benign liver tumors.

关键词： Liver tumor Radiofrequency ablation Microwave ablation Benign