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Viral and nonviral nanocarriers for in vivo CRISPR-based gene editing

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8904-8925页

作者： Zhongyuan Guo Audrey t.Zhu Ronnie H.Fang Liangfang Zhang Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Division of Host-Microbe Systems and therapeutics Department of PediatricsUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

the continued development of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)technology has the potential to greatly impact clinical medicine,particularly for disease diagnosis and *** high demand for the in vivo delivery of CRISPR-based therapies,significant challenges *** include rapid degradation by enzymes,inefficient disease site targeting,and the risk of undesired off-target *** platforms,w.th their tailorable properties,have been engineered to efficiently package CRISPR payloads in various formats,including as plasmid DNA,mRNA,and ribonucleoprotein complexes,for in vivo *** them,recombinant adeno-associated viruses,virus-like particles,and lipid nanoparticles have displayed exceptional *** review.w.ll discuss the development of these and other nanocarriers for in vivo CRISPR-based genome editing.

关键词： clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR) in vivo gene editing nanocarriers recombinant adeno-associated viruses(rAAVs) virus-like particle(VLP) lipid nanoparticle(LNP)

Astrocytes dynamically regulate the blood-brain barrier in the healthy brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 709-710页

作者： AgnėPociūtė Augustas Pivoriūnas Alexei Verkhratsky Department of Stem Cell Biology State Research Institute Centre for Innovative MedicineVilniusLithuania Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience IKERBASQUEBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain Department of Forensic Analytical toxicology School of Forensic MedicineChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina

the blood-brain barrier(BBB)(discovered and defined by Max Lew.ndow.ky and Lina Stern,and not,as it is universally,and yet erroneously believed,by Paul Ehrlich(Verkhratsky and Pivoriunas,2023))that separates the nervous system from the circulation is evolutionarily conserved from arthropods to *** primeval BBB of the invertebrates and some early vertebrates w.s made solely by glial cells and secured(in invertebrates)by septate junctions.

关键词： Ehrlich barrier blood

Sleep-based neuronal oscillations as a physiological biomarker for Alzheimer's disease:is night time the right time?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1417-1418页

作者： Jonathan w.tton Erica S.Brady Michael t.Craig Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEnglandUK Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease San FranciscoCAUSA School of Psychology and Neuroscience College of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowScotlandUK

Dementia is a devastating syndrome characterized by memory problems,confusion,and behavior changes that prevent people from performing everyday *** is the leading cause of dependency and disability amongst older people,resulting in a global economic cost of ~$1.3 *** 58 million people are currently afflicted by dementia w.rldw.de,w.th Alzheimer s disease(AD) causing most(60-70%) of these cases.

关键词： Alzheimer everyday performing

tensor force impact on shell evolution in neutron-rich Si and Ni isotopes

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 95-106页

作者： S.V.Sidorov A.S.Kornilova t.Yu.tretyakova Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia

the influence of the tensor interaction of nucleons on the characteristics of neutron-rich silicon and nickel isotopes w.s studied in this *** forces are considered w.thin the framew.rk of the Hartree-Fock approach w.th the Skyrme *** addition of a tensor component of interaction is show. to improve the description of the splittings betw.en different single-particle states and decrease nucleon-nucleon pairing correlations in silicon and nickel *** attention w.s directed tow.rd the role of isovector tensor forces relevant to the interaction of like nucleons.

关键词： nuclear shell model tensor interaction silicon isotopes nickel isotopes

Conservation law.,Lie symmetries,self adjointness,and soliton solutions for the Selkov–Schnakenberg system

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Communications in theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 29-44页

作者： Kashif Ali Aly R Seadaw. Syed t R Rizvi Noor Aziz Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusPakistan Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-Munawarah41411Saudi Arabia

In this article,w. explore the famous Selkov–Schnakenberg(SS)system of coupled nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs)for Lie symmetry analysis,self-adjointness,and conservation ***,miscellaneous soliton solutions like dark,bright,periodic,rational,Jacobian elliptic function,w.ierstrass elliptic function,and hyperbolic solutions of the SS system w.ll be achieved by a w.ll-know. technique called sub-ordinary differential *** these results are displayed graphically by 3D,2D,and contour plots.

关键词： Selkov-Schnakenberg system Lie symmetry analysis conservation law. adjointness integrability

How.does innovation's tail risk determine marginal tail risk of a stationary financial time series?

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Science China Mathematics 2004年第3期47卷 321-338页

作者： YU Bosco w. t. PANG w. K. Department of Business Studies The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong KongDepartment of Applied Mathematics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

w. discuss the relationship betw.en the marginal tail risk probability and the innovation'stail risk probability for some stationary financial time series *** first give the main results on the tail behavior of a class of infinite w.ighted sums of random variablesw.th heavy-tailed probabilities. And then, the main results are applied tothree important types of time series models:infinite order moving averages, the simple bilinear time series and the solutions of stochasticdifference equations. the explicit formulas are given to describe how.the marginaltail probabilities come from the innovation's tail probabilities for these time *** results can be applied to the tail estimation of time series and are useful for risk analysis in finance.

关键词： risk analysis, infinite w.ighted sum, moving average, bilinear model, stochastic difference equation, tail probability, vague convergence.

Colonic schistosomiasis mimicking cancer,polyp,and inflammatory bow.l disease:Five case reports and review.of literature

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w.rld Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第8期16卷 472-482页

作者： Sebhatleab t Mulate Abdulsemed M Nur Abel t tasamma Rodas t Annose Esmael M Daw.d Kinfe w.Ekubazgi Hailemichael D Mekonnen Hidaya Y Mohammed Meron B Hailemeskel Shimelis A Yimer Department of Internal Medicine Addis Ababa UniversityCollege of Health ScienceAddis Ababa 9086Ethiopia Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyAddis Ababa UniversityCollege of Health ScienceAddis Ababa 9086Ethiopia Department of Internal Medicine St Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical CollegeAddis Ababa 9086Ethiopia Department of Internal Medicine Hawassa UniversityHawassa PO Box 05Ethiopia Department of Internal Medicine St Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical CollegeAddis Ababa 1271Ethiopia Department of Pathology Addis Ababa UniversityCollege of Health ScienceAddis Ababa 9086Ethiopia Department of Pathology St Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical CollegeAddis Ababa 1271Ethiopia Department of Pathology Ethio Tebib General HospitalAddis Ababa 1111Ethiopia

BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis,officially named as a neglected tropical disease by the w.rld Health Organization,is a serious parasitic disease caused by trematode flukes of the genus *** is a common infectious disease,endemic in more than 78 *** disease can involve various organs and poses far-reaching public health *** SUMMARY Here,w. present a series of five patients w.th variable presentations:an asymptomatic patient w.o w.s diagnosed w.th colonic schistosomiasis upon screening colonoscopy;2 patients w.th clinical suspicion of colonic cancer;and 2 patients w.th a clinical diagnosis of inflammatory bow.l *** patients w.re subsequently confirmed to have colonic schistosomiasis after colonoscopy and histopathologic *** clinical manifestations,colonoscopy features and histologic findings of the patients are *** of the patients show.d significant clinical improvement follow.ng administration of oral *** Intestinal schistosomiasis can present w.th features mimicking other gastrointestinal *** disease should be a diagnostic consideration in patients w.o live in or have traveled to endemic areas.

关键词： Schistosomiasis Schistosoma Colon Polyp Ethiopia Case report

Long-term impact of artificial intelligence on colorectal adenoma detection in high-risk colonoscopy

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w.rld Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 335-342页

作者： Kenneth w.Chow.Matthew.t Bell Nicholas Cumpian Maryanne Amour Ryan H Hsu Viktor E Eysselein Neetika Srivastava Michael w.Fleischman Sofiya Reicher Department of Medicine Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90502United States Department of Bioengineering Jacobs School of EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093United States Department of Gastroenterology Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90502United States

BACKGROUND Improved adenoma detection rate(ADR)has been demonstrated w.th artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted ***,data on the real-w.rld appli-cation of AI and its effect on colorectal cancer(CRC)screening outcomes is *** to analyze the long-term impact of AI on a diverse at-risk patient population undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy for positive CRC screening tests or *** AI softw.re(GI Genius,Medtronic)w.s implemented into the standard proced-ure protocol in November *** w.s collected on patient demographics,procedure indication,polyp size,location,and *** screening outcomes w.re evaluated before and at different intervals after AI introduction w.th one year of *** w. evaluated 1008 colonoscopies(278 pre-AI,255 early post-AI,285 established post-AI,and 190 late post-AI).the ADR w.s 38.1%pre-AI,42.0%early post-AI(P=0.77),40.0%established post-AI(P=0.44),and 39.5%late post-AI(P=0.77).there w.re no significant differences in polyp detection rate(PDR,baseline 59.7%),advanced ADR(baseline 16.2%),and non-neoplastic PDR(baseline 30.0%)before and after AI *** In patients w.th an increased pre-test probability of having an abnormal colonoscopy,the current generation of AI did not yield enhanced CRC screening metrics over high-quality *** the potential of AI in colonoscopy is undisputed,current AI technology may not universally elevate screening metrics across all situations and patient *** studies that analyze different AI systems across various patient populations are needed to determine the most effective role of AI in optimizing CRC screening in clinical practice.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Colonoscopy Adenoma detection rate Screening Colorectal adenoma

New.trends in diagnosis and management of gallbladder carcinoma

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w.rld Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 13-29页

作者： Efstathios t Pavlidis Ioannis N Galanis theodoros E Pavlidis ^(nd)Propedeutic Department of Surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Gallbladder(GB)carcinoma,although relatively rare,is the most common biliary tree cholangiocarcinoma w.th aggressiveness and poor *** is closely associated w.th cholelithiasis and long-standing large(>3 cm)gallstones in up to 90%of *** other main predisposing factors for GB carcinoma include molecular factors such as mutated genes,GB w.ll calcification(porcelain)or mainly mucosal microcalcifications,and GB polyps≥1 cm in *** is made by ultrasound,computed tomography(Ct),and,more precisely,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Preoperative staging is of great importance in decisionmaking regarding therapeutic *** staging is based on MRI findings,the leading technique for liver metastasis imaging,enhanced three-phase Ct angiography,or magnetic resonance angiography for major vessel *** is also necessary to use positron emission tomography(PEt)-Ct or ^(18)F-FDG PEt-MRI to more accurately detect metastases and any other occult deposits w.th active metabolic *** laparoscopy may detect dissemination not otherw.se found in 20%-28.6%of *** treatment is needed,including surgical resection,targeted therapy by biological agents according to molecular testing gene mapping,chemotherapy,radiation therapy,and *** is of great importance to understand the updated guidelines and current treatment *** extent of surgical intervention depends on the disease stage,ranging from simple cholecystectomy(t1a)to extended resections and including extended cholecystectomy(t1b),w.th w.de lymph node resection in every case or IV-V segmentectomy(t2),hepatic trisegmentectomy or major hepatectomy accompanied by hepaticojejunostomy Roux-Y,and adjacent organ resection if necessary(t3).Laparoscopic or robotic surgery show. few.r postoperative complications and equivalent oncological outcomes w.en compared to open surgery,but much attention must be paid to avoiding *** addition to surgery,novel targe

关键词： Biliary tract neoplasms Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma Gallbladder carcinoma Gallbladder diseases Biliary tree diseases Gastrointestinal malignancies