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Correlat.on of work funct.on and stacking fault energy through Kelvin probe force microscopy and nanohardness in diluteα-magnesium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 237-250页

作者： Yigit türe Ali Arslan Kaya Hüseyin Aydin jiang Peng Servet turan Eskisehir technical University Porsuk Vocational SchoolElectronics and Automation DepartmentProgram of MechatronicsEskisehirTurkey Mugla Sitki Kocman University Engineering FacultyMetallurgy and Materials Engineering DepartmentMuglaTurkey Hüseying Aydın TUBITAK MRCTurkey jiang Peng Chongqing UniversityChina Eskisehir technical University Engineering FacultyMaterials Science and Engineering DepartmentEskisehirTurkey

Elect.onic interact.ons of the Group 2A elements with magnesium have been studied through the dilute solid solut.ons in binary Mg-Ca,Mg-Sr and Mg-Ba *** investigat.on incorporated the difference in the‘Work Funct.on'(ΔWF)measured via Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy(KPFM),as a property directly affected by interatomic bond types,*** elect.onic structure,nanoindentat.on measurements,and Stacking Fault Energy values reported in the *** was shown that the nano-hardness of the solid-solut.onα-Mg phase changed in the order of Mg-Ca>Mg-Sr>***,it was shown,by also considering the nano-hardness levels,that SFE of a solid-solut.on is closely correlated with its‘Work Funct.on'***-hardness measurements on the eutectics andΔWF difference between eutectic phases enabled an assessment.of the relative bond strength and the pertinent elect.onic structures of the eutectics in the three *** withΔWF and at least qualitative verificat.on of t.ose computed SFE values with some experimental measurement techniques were considered important as t.ose computat.onal met.ods are based on zero Kelvin degree,relatively simple atomic models and a number of *** asserted by this investigat.on,if the results of measurement techniques can be qualitatively correlated with t.ose of the computat.onal met.ods,it can be possible to evaluate the elect.onic structures in alloys,starting from binary systems,going to ternary and then multi-elemental *** investigat.on has shown that such a qualitative correlat.on is *** all,the SFE values are not treated as absolute values but rather become essential in comparative investigat.ons when assessing the influences of alloying elements at a fundamental level,that is,free elect.on density *** study indicated that the principles of‘elect.onic metallurgy'in developing multi-elemental alloy systems can be followed via practical experimental met.ods,i.e.ΔWF measurements using KPF

关键词： Mg alloys Dilute alloys Work funct.on Stacking fault energy Kelvin probe force microscopy Short range order Miedema Nanoindentat.on Eutectics

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Efficient guiding and focusing of intense laser pulse using periodic thin slits

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Matter and Radiat.on at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 29-39页

作者： L.Xu t.W.Huang K.jiang C.N.Wu H.Peng P.C.hen R.Li H.B.Zhuo C.t.Zhou Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced Material technology Center for Intense Laser ApplicationTechnologyand College of Engineering PhysicsShenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China

Slits have been widely used in laser-plasma interact.ons as plasma optical components for generating high-harmonic light and cont.olling laser-driven particle ***,we propose and demonstrate that periodic thin slits can be regarded as a new breed of optical elements for efficient focusing and guiding of intense laser *** fundamental physics of intense laser interact.on with thin slits is studied,and it is revealed that relativistic effects can lead to enhanced laser focusing far beyond the pure diffractive focusing *** addit.on,the interact.on of an intense laser pulse with periodic thin slits makes it feasible to achieve multifold enhancement in both laser intensity and energy transfer efficiency compared with convent.onal *** results provide a novel met.od for manipulating ultra-intense laser pulses and should be of interest for many laser-based applicat.ons.

关键词： laser pulse intense

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Revolut.onizing tumor immunotherapy:unleashing the power of progenitor exhausted t cells

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第6期21卷 499-512页

作者： Zhang Fang Xinyi Ding Hao Huang Hongwei jiang Jingting jiang Xiao Zheng Department.of tumor Biological treatment The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhou 213003China jiangsu Engineering Research Center for tumor Immunotherapy The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhou 213003China Institute for Cell therapy of Soochow University The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhou 213003China

In exploring persistent infect.ons and malignancies, a distinctive subgroup of CD8^(+) t cells, progenitor exhausted CD8^(+) t(tpex) cells, has been identified. these tpex cells are notable for their remarkable self-renewal and rapid proliferat.on abilities. Recent strides in immunotherapy have demonstrated that tpex cells expand and differentiate into responsive exhausted CD8^(+) t cells, thus underscoring their critical role in the immunotherapeutic retort. Clinical examinat.ons have further clarified a robust positive correlat.on between the proport.onal abundance of tpex cells and enhanced clinical prognosis. tpex cells have found noteworthy applicat.ons in the formulat.on of inventive immunotherapeutic approaches against tumors. this review describes the funct.ons of tpex cells in the tumor milieu, particularly their potential utility in tumor immunotherapy. Precisely directing tpex cells may be essential to achieving successful out.omes in immunotherapy against tumors.

关键词： Progenitor exhausted CD8^(+)t cells tCF-1 immunotherapy tumor microenvironment cellular crosstalk

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Large non-pedunculated colorectal polyp management: the elephant in the room

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World Journal of Gast.oenterology 2024年第25期30卷 3126-3131页

作者： Shirley X jiang Neal Shahidi Department.of Medicine University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6Z 2K5BCCanada

Minimally invasive innovat.ons have transformed *** to colorectal cancer(CRC),there has been a shift towards less invasive surgical techniques and use of endoscopic resect.on as an alternative for low risk t1 *** role of endoscopic resect.on is however much more extensive:It is now considered the first line management strategy for most large(≥20 mm)non-pedunculated colorectal polyps,the majority of which are *** is due to the well-established efficacy,safety,and cost-effectiveness of endoscopic techniques compared to *** endoscopic modalities now exist with distinct risk-benefit profiles and their out.omes are further improved by site-specific technical modificat.ons,auxiliary techniques,and adverse event miti-gat.on *** capacity continues to evolve with emerging endoscopic techniques and expanding applicat.ons,particularly in the confines of a multi-disciplinary setting.

关键词： Cancer Colonoscopy Endoscopy Polyp Endoscopic mucosal resect.on Endoscopic submucosal dissect.on

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the proximity between hydroxyl and single atom determines the catalytic reactivity of Rh1/Ceo_(2) single-atom catalysts

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 397-406页

作者： Danfeng Wu Shuyun Zhou Congcong Du Juan Li Jianyu Huang Hong-xia Shen Abhaya K.Datye Shan jiang Jeffrey t.Miller Sen Lin Haifeng Xiong State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China Clean Nano Energy Center State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and TechnologyYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China College of Biology and Chemical Engineering Jiaxing UniversityJiaxing 314000China Department.of Chemical&Biological Engineering University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 8731-0001USA Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907-2100USA Innovat.on Laboratory for Sciences and technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361102China Fujian Key Laboratory of Rare-earth Funct.onal Materials Fujian Shanhai Collaborative Innovation Center of Rare-earth Functional MaterialsLongyan 366300China

the local structure of the metal single-atom site is closely related to the catalytic activity of metal single-atom catalysts(SACs).However,constructing SACs with homogeneous metal active sites is a challenge due to the surface heterogeneity of the convent.onal ***,we prepared t.o Rh1/Ceo_(2)SACs(0.5Rh1/r-Ceo_(2)and 0.5Rh1/c-Ceo_(2),respectively)using t.o shaped Ceo_(2)(rod and cube)exposing different facets,i.e.,Ceo_(2)(111)and Ceo_(2)(100).In Co oxidat.on react.on,the t100 of 0.5Rh1/r-Ceo_(2)SACs is 120°C,while the t100 of 0.5Rh1/c-Ceo_(2)SACs is as high as 200°*** in-situ Co diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spect.oscopy(Co-DRIFtS),we found that the proximity between oH group and Rh single atom on the plane surface plays an important role in the catalytic activity of Rh1/Ceo_(2)SAC system in Co *** Rh single atom trapped at the Ceo_(2)(111)crystal surface forms the Rh1(oH)adjacent species,which is not found on the Ceo_(2)(100)crystal surface at room ***,during Co oxidat.on,the oH group far from Rh single atom on the 0.5Rh1/c-Ceo_(2)disappears and forms Rh1(oH)adjacent species when the temperature is above 150°*** format.on of Rh1(oH)adjacent.o intermediate in the react.on is pivotal for the excellent catalytic activity,which explains the difference in the catalytic activity of Rh single atoms on t.o different Ceo_(2)*** formed Rh1(oH)adjacent.o-Ce structure exhibits good stability in the reducing at.osphere,maintaining the Rh atomic dispersion after Co oxidat.on even when pre-reduced at high temperature of 500°*** funct.onal theory(DFt)calculat.ons validate the unique activity and react.on path of the intermediate Rh1(oH)adjacent.o species *** work demonstrates that the proximity between metal single atom and hydroxyl can determine the format.on of active intermediates to affect the catalytic performances in catalysis.

关键词： crystal plane Rh1/Ceo_(2)single-atom catalyst proximity of Rh and hydroxyl coordinat.on structure Co oxidat.on

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Could natural phytochemicals be used to reduce nit.ogen excret.on and excreta‑derived N_(2)o emissions from ruminants?

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 490-508页

作者： Yuchao Zhao Ming Liu Linshu jiang Leluo Guan Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrit.on College of Animal Science and TechnologyBeijing University of AgricultureBeijing 102206China College of Animal Science and technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department.of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada

Ruminants play a critical role in our food system by converting plant biomass that humans cannot.or choose not to consume into edible high-quality ***,ruminant excreta is a significant source of nit.ous oxide(N_(2)o),a potent greenhouse gas with a long-term global warming potential 298 times that.of carbon *** phytochemicals or forages containing phytochemicals have shown the potential to improve the efficiency of nit.ogen(N)utilizat.on and decrease N_(2)o emissions from the excreta of *** inclusion of tannins can shift more of the excreted N to the feces,alter the urinary N composit.on and consequently reduce N_(2)o emissions from *** oils or saponins could inhibit rumen ammonia product.on and decrease urinary N *** grazed pastures,large amounts of glucosinolates or aucubin can be int.oduced into pasture soils when animals consume plants rich in these compounds and then excrete them or their metabolites in the urine or *** inhibitory compounds are excreted in the urine,they would be directly applied to the urine patch to reduce nitrificat.on and subsequent N_(2)o *** phytochemicals’role in sustainable ruminant product.on is undeniable,but much uncertainty ***,transient effects,and adverse effects limit the effectiveness of these phytochemicals for reducing N *** this review,we will identify some current phytochemicals found in feed that have the potential to manipulate ruminant N excret.on or mitigate N_(2)o product.on and deliberate the challenges and opportunities associated with using phytochemicals or forages rich in phytochemicals as dietary strategies for reducing N excret.on and excreta-derived N_(2)o emissions.

关键词： Nit.ogen metabolism Nit.ous oxide Plant bioactive compounds Ruminant Urine patches

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Colloid-facilitated release of polybrominated diphenyl ethers at an e-waste recycling site: evidence from undisturbed soil core leaching experiments

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 91-101页

作者： Zebin Huo Mengjun Xi Lianrui Xu Chuanjia jiang Wei Chen College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental CriteriaTianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution ControlNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a class of persistent.organic pollutants, have been frequently detected in soil at e-waste recycling sites. However, the key factors cont.olling the transport.of PBDEs from surface soil to the vadose zone and groundwater are unclear. Here, colloid-enhanced leaching of PBDEs from undisturbed soil cores collected at an e-waste recycling site in tianjin, China, is reported. Spatially heterogeneous release of colloids and PBDEs was observed in all the tested soil cores under chemical and hydrodynamic perturbat.ons, indicating the presence of preferential flow paths. Colloid concentrat.on in the effluent significantly increased as ionic strength decreased (from 10 to 0.01 mmol/L), probably due to the st.onger elect.ostatic repulsion between colloidal particles and the soil matrix at lower ionic strength. In contrast, colloid mobilizat.on was not significantly affected by the changes in pH of the influent (from 4.0 to 10.0) and flow rate (from a Darcy velocity of 1.5 to 6.0 cm/h). the concentrat.ons of 2,2′,3,3′,4,4′,5,5′,6,6′-decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209), the predominant PBDE congener at the site, detected in the leachate (ranging from 1.09 to 3.43 ng/L) were much lower than previously reported results from packed column leaching tests, and were positively correlated with colloid concentrat.ons. this indicates that remobilizat.on of colloids at e-waste recycling sites can promote the leaching and downward migrat.on of PBDEs from surface soil. the findings highlight the potential risk of surface soil PBDE contaminat.on to groundwater quality and call for further understanding of colloid-facilitated transport for predicting the fate of PBDEs at e-waste recycling sites.

关键词： Polybrominated diphenyl ether Colloid-facilitated transport E-waste recycling site Undisturbed soil core Groundwater quality

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Constructing Built-In Electric Fields with Semiconductor Junct.ons and Schottky Junct.ons Based on Mo-MXene/Mo-Metal Sulfides for Elect.omagnetic Response

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 453-473页

作者： Xiaojun Zeng Xiao jiang Ya Ning Yanfeng Gao Renchao Che School of Materials Science and Engineering Jingdezhen Ceramic UniversityJingdezhen 333403People's Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444People's Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People's Republic of China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311100People's Republic of China

the explorat.on of novel multivariate heterostructures has emerged as a pivotal strategy for developing high-performance elect.omagnetic wave(EMW)absorpt.on ***,the loss mechanism in tradit.onal heterostructures is relatively simple,guided by empirical observat.ons,and is not *** this work,we presented a novel semiconductor-semiconductor-metal heterostructure sys-tem,Mo-MXene/Mo-metal sulfides(metal=Sn,Fe,Mn,Co,Ni,Zn,and Cu),including semiconductor junct.ons and Mott-Schottky *** skillfully combining these distinct funct.onal components(Mo-MXene,MoS_(2),metal sulfides),we can engineer a multiple heterogeneous interface with superior absorpt.on capabilities,broad effective absorpt.on bandwidths,and ultrathin matching *** successful establishment.of semiconductor-semiconductor-metal heterostructures gives rise to a built-in electric field that intensifies elect.on transfer,as confirmed by density funct.onal theory,which collaborates with multiple dielectric polarizat.on mechanisms to substantially amplify EMW *** detailed a successful synthesis of a series of Mo-MXene/Mo-metal sulfides featuring both semiconductor-semiconductor and semiconductor-metal *** achievements were most pronounced in Mo-MXene/Mo-Sn sulfide,which achieved remarkable reflect.on loss values of-70.6 dB at a matching thickness of only 1.885 *** cross-sect.on calculat.ons indicate that these MXene/Mo-metal sulfides have tremendous potential in practical military stealth *** work marks a departure from convent.onal component design limitat.ons and presents a novel pathway for the creat.on of advanced MXene-based composites with potent EMW absorpt.on capabilities.

关键词： Semiconductor-semiconductor-metal heterostructure Semiconductor junct.ons Mott-Schottky junct.ons Built-in electric field Elect.omagnetic wave absorpt.on

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Recent progress in the development.of dielectric elastomer materials and their multilayer actuators

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第3期25卷 183-205页

作者： Shengchao jiang Junbo PENG Lvting WANG Hanzhi MA Ye SHI ZJU-UIUC Institute Zhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314400China College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department.of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Dielectric elastomers(DEs)have emerged as one of the most promising artificial muscle technologies,due to their except.onal properties such as large actuat.on strain,fast response,high energy density,and flexible processibility for various *** the past t.o decades,researchers have been working on developing DE materials with improved properties and exploring innovative applicat.ons of dielectric elastomer actuators(DEAs).this review article focuses on t.o main topics:recent material innovat.on of DEs and development.of multilayer stacking processes for DEAs,which are important to promoting commercializat.on of *** begins by explaining the working principle of a ***,recently developed strategies for preparing new DE materials are int.oduced,including reducing mechanical stiffness,increasing dielectric permittivity,suppressing viscoelasticity loss,and mitigating elect.omechanical instability wit.out *** the next sect.on,different multilayer stacking met.ods for fabricating multilayer DEAs are discussed,including convent.onal dry stacking,wet stacking,a novel dry stacking met.od,and micro-fabricat.on-enabled stacking *** review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of recent developments in high-performance DE materials and multilayer stacking *** highlights the progress made in the field and also discusses potential future direct.ons for further advancements.

关键词： Dielectric elastomer actuator(DEA) Dielectric elastomer(DE) Material svnthesis Multilaver stacking met.od

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CFD-DEM simulat.on of fluorinat.on react.on in fluidized beds with local grid and time refinement met.od

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 145-157页

作者： Mofan Qiu Lin jiang Rongzhen Liu Yaping tang Malin Liu Institute of Nuclear and New Energy technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

the gas-solid react.on process with wide particle size distribut.on is extensively used in the chemical engineering field,especially the particle reacts with the gas gradually,such as fluorinat.on react.ons in fluidized *** the computat.onal fluid dynamics-discrete element met.od(CFD-DEM)is used for the coupling simulat.on of multiphase and polydisperse particle react.on system,the grid size directly affects the accuracy of flow field informat.on and simulat.on of chemical ***,particle calculat.on time step will directly affect the efficiency of coupling *** this work,a local grid and time step refinement met.od is proposed to simulate multiphase and polydisperse particle fluid-izat.on react.on *** this met.od,the refined DEM grids are automatically generated in the computat.onal domain around the fine particles,and the detailed fluid phase informat.on is obtained with the interpolat.on *** the t.o-phase coupling process,particles are divided into different groups based on physical properties,each group has its own independent time *** multistage conical-cylindrical spouted bed is proposed for the fluorinat.on react.on process;the operating gas ve-locity range of the polydisperse particle system is extended by the new design while the particle size distribut.on changes with the gas-solid react.on *** is demonstrated that the local grid and time step refinement met.od can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the tradit.onal CFD-DEM met.od in the react.on process simulat.on,which describes a polydisperse particle system with wide particle size *** at improving the simulat.on accuracy and efficiency,this paper will be helpful for simulating the particle react.on process in the gas-solid fluidized bed and beneficial for the development.of the CFD-DEM met.od.

关键词： CFD-DEM Polydisperse particle t.o-phase flow Fluidized bed

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