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Combining innovative science and policy to improve air quality in cities with refining and chemicals manufacturing： the case study of Houston, texas, USA

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 293-304页

作者： David t. Allen University of texas Austin Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Energy and Environmental Resources Austin TX 78759 USA

In Houston, a combination of urban emissions from a city of 4 million people, coupled with emissions from extensive petroleum refining and chemical manufacturing, leads to conditions for photochemistry that are unique in the United States, and historically, the city had experienced some of the highest ozone concentrations recorded in the United States. Large air quality field studies （the texas Air Quality Studies or texAQS I and II） were conducted to determine root causes of the high ozone concentrations. Hundreds of air quality investigators, from around the world, deployed instruments on aircraft, on ships, and at fixed ground sites to make extensive air quality measurements; detailed photochemical modeling was used to interpret and assess the implications of the measurements. the texas Air Quality Studies revealed that both continuous and episodic emissions of light alkenes, which came to be called highly reactive volatile organic compounds, played a critical role in the formation of ozone and other photochemical oxidants in the region. Under- standing and quantifying the role of these emissions in regional air quality required innovations in characterizing emissions and in photochemical modeling. Reducing emissions required innovative policy approaches. these coupled scientific and policy innovations are described, and the result, substantially cleaner air for Houston, is documented. the lessons learned from the Houston air quality experience are relevant to cities with similar population and industrial profiles around the world.

关键词： ozone air quality highly reactive volatile organic compounds Houston

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trophic attributes of the mudskipper, Periophthalmus barbarus (Gobiidae: Oxudercinae) in the mangrove swamps of Imo River Estuary, Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2002年第4期14卷 508-517页

作者： Mfon t.UDO Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Uyo

Aspects of the trophic attributes of the mudskipper, Periophthalmus barbarus occurring in the mangrove swamps of Imo River Estuary, Nigeria, were investigated during a 12 month period (April, 1992\_March, 1993). Feeding intensity increased with size, it was higher in the dry season(November\_April) than in the wet season(May\_October), monthly changes in the indices of feeding intensity were significantly correlated. Major food objects comprised detritus and benthic algae; crustaceans, insects, macrophyte matter and sand grains were minor food objects while fish, molluscs, Chilopoda, nematodes and fungi were unconsciously devoured objects. Diet varied seasonally; algae and sesarmid crabs were generally more in the dry season than during the rains whereas FPOM and fish increased in the wet over dry season. the mudskipper display a high degree of euryphagy and can be considered as a generalist and an omnivore. the lower trophic status of P. barbarus qualifies it as a good aquaculture candidate. Food richness was higher in big sized class(BSC) than small sized class(SSC). Size based and seasonal variations were not apparent in food richness. Diet breadth was higher in the BSC than the SSC, there was dry season increase in diet breadth.

关键词： Periophthalmus barbarus indices of feeding intensity diet composition mangrove swamp Imo River Estuary Nigeria

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Hawking radiation of stationary and non-stationary Kerr–de Sitter black holes

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第7期24卷 141-148页

作者： t.Ibungochouba Singh Department of Mathematics Manipur University

Hawking radiation of the stationary Kerr–de Sitter black hole is investigated using the relativistic Hamilton–Jacobi method. Meanwhile, extending this work to a non-stationary black hole using Dirac equations and generalized tortoise coordinate transformation, we derived the locations, the temperature of the thermal radiation as well as the maximum energy of the non-thermal radiation. It is found that the surface gravity and the Hawking temperature depend on both time and different angles. An extra coupling effect is obtained in the thermal radiation spectrum of Dirac particles which is absent from thermal radiation of scalar particles. Further, the chemical potential derived from the thermal radiation spectrum of scalar particle has been found to be equal to the highest energy of the negative energy state of the scalar particle in the non-thermal radiation for the Kerr–de Sitter black hole. It is also shown that for stationary black hole space time, these two different methods give the same Hawking radiation temperature.

关键词： Hamilton–Jacobi method non-stationary Kerr–de Sitter black hole Hawking radiation general-ized tortoise coordinate transformatio

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theory and Modeling of Phase transformations under Stress in Steel

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 1-7页

作者： t.Y. Hsu School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China

thermodynamic prediction of the increment of the formation temperature of proeutectoid ferrite by appliedstress is nearly consistent with the wxperfimental *** models for ferrite,pearlite and bainite transformations can be shown as modified Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation in which parameter b() varies with the level of applied *** effects of tensile and compressive stresses on enhancement of the ferrite/pearlite and bainite transformations are discussed,the necessity and approach of modification of additivity hypothesis are introduced and the results from modified equation in which some parameters are obtained by rfegression of two experimental results or taken from ttt and CCt diagrams of a cerftain steel are superior than that from Scheil’s *** calculation of Ms and nucleation kinetics equations of martensitic transformation under stress are *** of phase trasformations under stress in ferrous alloys is briefly

关键词：钢相位转换受力状态热力学动力学成核现象相加性假设铁合金

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Supergravity-induced interactions on thick branes

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第4期23卷 135-146页

作者： Nejat t.Yilmaz Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Yassar UniversitySelsuk Yassar Kampüsü niversite CaddesiNo:35-37 AgaliYol35100 Bornova zmir Turkey

the gravity coupling of the symmetric space sigma model is studied in the solvable Lie algebra parametrization. the corresponding Einstein equations are derived and the energy-momentum tensor is calculated. the results are used to derive the dynamical equations of the warped five-dimensional （5D） geometry for localized bulk scalar interactions in the framework of thick brane world models. the Einstein and scalar field equations are derived for flat brane geometry in the context of minimal and non-minimal gravity-bulk scalar couplings.

关键词： supergravity branes 5D warped geometry symmetric spaces

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Darcy-Forchheimer flow by rotating disk with partial slip

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第5期41卷 741-752页

作者： t.HAYAt F.HAIDER t.MUHAMMAD A.ALSAEDI Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics(NAAM)Research Group Department of MathematicsFaculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

the viscous dissipation and heat transfer in the Darcy-Forchheimer flow by a rotating disk are examined. the partial slip conditions are invoked. the optimal series solutions are computed via the optimal homotopic analysis method(OHAM). the thermophoresis and Brownian motions are studied. the Darcy-Forchheimer relation characterizes the porous space. the roles of influential variables on the physical quantities are graphically examined. A reduction in the local Nusselt number is observed through thermophoresis and thermal slip parameters. the local Sherwood number depicts an increasing trend for the higher Brownian motion and concentration slip parameters.

关键词： Darcy-Forchheimer flow nanofluid viscous dissipation slip condition optimal homotopy analysis method(OHAM)

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Damage assessment of laminated composite beam structures using damage locating vector （DLV） method

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015年第4期9卷 457-465页

作者： t. VO-DUY Division of Computational Mathematics and Engineering (CME) Institute for Computational Science (INCOS) Ton Duc ThangUniversity Hochiminh City Vietnam Division of Construction Computation (DCC) Institute for Computational Science (INCOS) Ton Duc Thang University HochiminhCity vietnam Faculty of Civil Engineering Ton Duc Thang University Hochiminh City Vietnam

In this paper, the damage locating vector (DLV) method using normalized cumulative energy (nce) is employed to locate multiple damage sites in laminated composite beam structures. Numerical simulations of two laminated composite beams are employed to investigate several damage scenarios in which the degradation of elements is modeled by the reduction in the longitudinal Young’s modulus and transverse Young’s modulus of beam layers. the results show that the DLV method gives good performance for this kind of structure.

关键词： damage locating vector method (DLV) laminated composite beam structure normalized cumulative energy structural health monitoring (SHM)

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An Overview of High-Performance Aircraft Structural Al Alloy-AA7085

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第7期28卷 909-921页

作者： t.Ram Prabhu CEMILAC Defence R&D Organization

AA7085 Al alloy is a new-generation,high-strength,quench-insensitive alloy that features in airframe applications such as massive bulkhead and wing spars structures in Airbus A380 and Joint Strike Fighter *** alloy has a great potential in replacing currently used high-strength AA7 xxx alloys in many international and national military aircraft programs [Hawk,Su-30,Mi G series,light combat aircraft（tejas）,Hindustan turbo/jet trainer,light combat helicopter,advanced light helicopter,and fifth-generation fighter aircrafts].An effort has been made to highlight the processing,heat treatment,properties and applications of the AA7085 Al alloy from the existing literature on the AA7085 *** potential applications of this alloy are presented and compared with the currently used AA7075 Al alloy.A typical process cycle involved in the manufacturing of wrought AA7085 alloy products is described in ***,the precipitation mechanisms involved in the different temper conditions are critically reviewed with the supporting *** mechanical properties with a particular emphasis on tensile,fatigue,and fracture toughness properties are discussed in detail based on the analysis of experimental *** effects of temper conditions on the stress corrosion cracking and exfoliation corrosion have also been reviewed critically.

关键词： Al alloys Heat treatment Material processing Mechanical properties Corrosion

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Surface Characteristics and Indentation Deformation of Porous Anodic tiO_2 Layer Before and After Hot Water treatment

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稀有金属材料与工程 2012年第S1期41卷 38-42页

作者： t Matsubara Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 816-8580Japan

Hot water treatment was performed to modify the surface of porous tiO2 layer prepared by anodic spark oxidation technique for better *** oxide layer without water treatment exhibited a porous surface with few nanometer features and consisted of poorly crystallized *** water treatment,the poorly crystallized oxides were transformed into crystalline anatase gradually and numerous nanoparticles formed on the oxide surface,leading to increased surface roughness at the *** indentation deformation behaviors of oxide layer before and after water treatment were investigated and *** show that under the indentation load,the untreated anodic tiO2 layer exhibited good adhesion to the *** contrast,after water treatment,apparent oxides pile-up and spallation were observed around the indentation,indicating decreased adhesion strength.

关键词： titanium anodic spark oxidation hot water treatment nanostructure indentation

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Comparing the Soil Conservation Service model with new machine learning algorithms for predicting cumulative infiltration in semi-arid regions

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Pedosphere 2022年第5期32卷 718-732页

作者： Khabat KHOSRAVI Phuong t.t.NGO Rahim BARZEGAR John QUILtY Mohammad t.AALAMI Dieu t.BUI Department of Watershed Management Engineering Ferdowsi University of MashhadMashhad 93(Iran) Department of Earth and Environment Florida International UniversityMiami 33199(USA) Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang 550000(Vietnam) Department of Bioresource Engineering McGill UniversitySte Anne de Bellevue QC H9X(Canada) Faculty of Civil Engineering University of TabrizTabriz 51(Iran) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L 3G1(Canada) Department of Business and It University of South-Eastern NorwayNotodden 3603(Norway)

Water infiltration into soil is an important process in hydrologic cycle;however,its measurement is difficult,time-consuming and *** and physical models have been developed to predict cumulative infiltration(CI),but are often *** this study,several novel standalone machine learning algorithms(M5Prime(M5P),decision stump(DS),and sequential minimal optimization(SMO))and hybrid algorithms based on additive regression(AR)(i.e.,AR-M5P,AR-DS,and AR-SMO)and weighted instance handler wrapper(WIHW)(i.e.,WIHW-M5P,WIHW-DS,and WIHW-SMO)were developed for CI *** Soil Conservation Service(SCS)model developed by the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),one of the most popular empirical models to predict CI,was considered as a ***,154 measurements of CI(explanatory/input variables)were taken from 16 sites in a semi-arid region of Iran(Illam and Lorestan provinces).Six input variable combinations were considered based on Pearson correlations between candidate model inputs(time of measuring and soil bulk density,moisture content,and sand,clay,and silt percentages)and *** dataset was divided into two subgroups at random:70%of the data were used for model building(training dataset)and the remaining 30%were used for model validation(testing dataset).the various models were evaluated using different graphical approaches(bar charts,scatter plots,violin plots,and taylor diagrams)and quantitative measures(root mean square error(RMSE),mean absolute error(MAE),Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(NSE),and percent bias(PBIAS)).time of measuring had the highest correlation with CI in the study *** best input combinations were different for different *** results showed that all hybrid algorithms enhanced the CI prediction accuracy compared to the standalone *** AR-M5P model provided the most accurate CI predictions(RMSE=0.75 cm,MAE=0.59 cm,NSE=0.98),while the SCS model had the lowest performance(RMSE=4.77 cm,MAE=2.64 cm,NSE=

关键词： additive regression hybrid algorithms empirical model soil water infiltration weighted instances handler wrapper

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