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A short note on how tied fights affect cortisol levels

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第3期8卷 324-326页

作者： Edwin l.COOPER Kathy t.NGO Department of Neurobiology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

Previous work exploring the interrelationships between sex steroids(***,testosterones and 11-ketotestosterones)and social behavior in teleosts suggest that mirror-elicited aggression in cichlid fish may not trigger a hormonal *** the Mozambique tilapia(Oreochromis mossambicus)to analyze immune responses as a result of social stress,we measured levels of cortisol and melatonin using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay(ElISA)*** this work,we demonstrated that cortisol concentrations are significantly lower yet the levels of melatonin remain unchanged in tilapia that are fighting their mirror *** results suggested that in tied fights,certain hormone levels remain unchanged(***)due to the lack of melatonin induction.

关键词： cortisol hormone level melatonin social stress tilapia

Development of 3D Scanning System for Robotic Plasma Processing of Medical Products with Complex Geometries

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Journal of Electronic Science and technology 2020年第3期18卷 212-222页

作者： Darya l.Alontseva Elaheh Ghassemieh Alexander l.Krasavin Albina t.Kadyroldina School of Information technology and Intelligent Systems D.Serikbayev East Kazakhstan State Technical UniversityUst-Kamenogorsk 070004 Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughborough LE113TU

this paper describes the development of an intelligent automated control system of a robot manipulator for plasma treatment of medical implants with complex *** two-layer coatings from the ti wire and hydroxyapatite powders are applied on the surface of ti medical implants by microplasma spraying to increase the biocompatibility of *** coating process requires precise control of a number of parameters,particularly the plasma spray distance and plasma jet traverse ***,the development of the robotic plasma surface treatment involves automated path *** key idea of the proposed intelligent automatic control system is the use of data of preliminary three-dimensional (3D) scanning of the processed implant by the robot *** segmentation algorithm of the point cloud from laser scanning of the surface is *** methodology is suitable for robotic 3D scanning systems with both non-contact laser distance sensors and video cameras,used in additive manufacturing and medicine.

关键词： Plasma processing point cloud robot manipulator surface segmentation three-dimensional(3D)scanning

Nitrogen Flow in the Rural Ecosystem of Mikasa City in Hokkaido, Japan

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Pedosphere 2006年第2期16卷 264-272页

作者： l. lIANG t. NAGUMO R. HAtANO Graduate School of Agriculture Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8589 （Japan）. Center for Education and Research of Field Sciences Shizuoka University Fujieda 426-0001 （Japan） Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8589 （Japan）

this study of Mikasa City in 2001, which analyzed N flow between N production and N load in seven agricultural and settlement subsystems, i.e., paddy, onion, wheat, vegetable, dairy, chicken, and citizen subsystems, aimed to compare N flow in each subsystem, to determine the main sources of the N load, and to evaluate the influence of agricultural production and food consumption on N cycling in a rural area. the results showed that in Mikasa city, 38.5% of the N load came from point sources and the remainder from non-point sources with intensive vegetable farming imparting a serious N load. Because of the internal N cycling in the dairy subsystem, chemical fertilizer application was reduced by 70.2%, and 23.72 Mg manure N was recycled to the field; therefore, the N utilization efficiency was raised from 18.1% to 35.1%. If all the manure N in the chicken subsystem was recycled, chemical fertilizer application would be reduced by 8.1% from the present level, and the point sources of N pollution would be reduced by 20.8%.

关键词： chemical fertilizers ecosystem environmental nitrogen load nitrogen flow nitrogen budget

long-term trends in Extreme temperatures in Hong Kong and Southern China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第1期28卷 147-157页

作者： t.C.lEE E.W.l.GINN Hong Kong Observatory

the observed long-term trends in extreme temperatures in Hong Kong were studied based on the meteorological data recorded at the Hong Kong Observatory Headquarters from 1885-2008. Results show that, over the past 124 years, the extreme daily minimum and maximum temperatures, as well as the length of the warm spell in Hong Kong, exhibit statistically significant long-term rising trends, while the length of the cold spell shows a statistically significant decreasing trend. the time-dependent return period analysis also indicated that the return period for daily minimum temperature at 4°C or lower lengthened considerably from 6 years in 1900 to over 150 years in 2000, while the return periods for daily maximum temperature reaching 35°C or above shortened drastically from 32 years in 1900 to 4.5 years in 2000. Past trends in extreme temperatures from selected weather stations in southern China from 1951-2004 were also assessed. Over 70% of the stations studied yielded a statistically significant rising trend in extreme daily minimum temperature, while the trend for extreme maximum temperatures was found to vary, with no significant trend established for the majority of stations.

关键词： extreme temperature long-term trend Hong Kong southern China

Different Diffusion Behavior of Cu and Ni Undergoing liquidesolid Electromigration

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2014年第12期30卷 1235-1242页

作者： M.l.Huang Z.J.Zhang H.t.Ma l.D.Chen Electronic Packaging Materials laboratory School of Materials Science & Engineering Dalian University of Technology IC Packaging Department Xi'an Institute of Microelectronic Technology

the diffusion behavior of Cu and Ni atoms undergoing liquidesolid electromigration（l-S EM） was investigated using Cu/Sn/Ni interconnects under a current density of 5.0 103A/cm2 at 250℃. the flowing direction of electrons significantly influences the cross-solder interaction of Cu and Ni atoms, i.e., under downwind diffusion, both Cu and Ni atoms can diffuse to the opposite interfaces; while under upwind diffusion,Cu atoms but not Ni atoms can diffuse to the opposite interface. When electrons flow from the Cu to the Ni, only Cu atoms diffuse to the opposite anode Ni interface, resulting in the transformation of interfacial intermetallic compound（IMC） from Ni3Sn4into（Cu,Ni）6Sn5and further into [（Cu,Ni）6Sn5t Cu6Sn5], while no Ni atoms diffuse to the opposite cathode Cu interface and thus the interfacial Cu6Sn5 *** electrons flow from the Ni to the Cu, both Cu and Ni atoms diffuse to the opposite interfaces,resulting in the interfacial IMC transformation from initial Cu6Sn5into（Cu,Ni）6Sn5and further into[（Cu,Ni）6Sn5t（Ni,Cu）3Sn4] at the anode Cu interface while that from initial Ni3Sn4into（Cu,Ni）6Sn5and further into（Ni,Cu）3Sn4at the cathode Ni interface. It is more damaging with electrons flowing from the Cu to the Ni than the other way.

关键词： Cu/Sn/Ni Electromigration Cross-solder interaction Interfacial reaction Diffusion

A review on the application of modified continuum models in modeling and simulation of nanostructures

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2016年第1期32卷 83-100页

作者： K.F.Wang B.l.Wang t.Kitamura Graduate School at Shenzhen Harbin Institute of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyoto University

Analysis of the mechanical behavior of nanos- tructures has been very challenging. Surface energy and non- local elasticity of materials have been incorporated into the traditional continuum analysis to create modified continuum mechanics models. this paper reviews recent advancements in the applications of such modified continuum models in nanostructures such as nanotubes, nanowires, nanobeams, graphenes, and nanoplates. A variety of models for these nanostructures under static and dynamic loadings are men- tioned and reviewed. Applications of surface energy and nonlocal elasticity in analysis of piezoelectric nanomateri- als are also mentioned. this paper provides a comprehensive introduction of the development of this area and inspires fur- ther applications of modified continuum models in modeling nanomaterials and nanostructures.

关键词： Surface elasticity Nonlocal continuum Nanotubes Nanobeams Nanoplates Modeling andsimulations

EXAFS study of cation reordering in NaYF_4:Yb^(3+),tb^(3+) up-conversion luminescence materials

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Journal of Rare Earths 2014年第3期32卷 226-229页

作者： H.F.Brito J.Hls t.laamanen t.laihinen M.lastusaari l.Pihlgren l.C.V.Rodrigues t.Soukka Instituto de Química Universidade de S?o Paulo Department of Chemistry University of Turku turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf) Department of Chemistry University of Turku FI-20014 Turku Finland turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf) Turku Finland University of turku Graduate School (UtUGS) Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical Sciences Graduate School of Materials Research (GSMR) Department of Biochemistry University of Turku

the NaYF4：yb3＋,tb3＋（Xyb： 0.20, Xtb： 0.04） materials were prepared using the co-precipitation method, lne as-preparea material was washed either with or without water in addition to ethanol and thereafter annealed for 5 h at 500℃. this resulted in materials with moderate or very high up-conversion luminescence intensity, respectively. the structural study carried out with X-ray powder diffraction revealed microstrains in the rare earth （R） sublattice that were relaxed for the material with very high up-conversion intensity thus decreasing energy losses. the local structural details were investigated with R lⅢ and Y K edge ex- tended X-ray absorption fine structure （EXAFS） using synchrotron radiation. Around 10 tool.% of the Yb3＋ ions were found to occupy the Na site in the material with very high up-conversion intensity. these Yb species formed clusters with the tb3＋ ions occupying the regular Na/R sites. Such clustering enhanced the energy transfer between Yb3＋ and tb3＋ thus intensifying the up-conversion emission.

关键词： EXAFS up-conversion ytterbium terbium cation reordering

Projecting future precipitation change across the semi-arid Borana lowland,southern Ethiopia

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Journal of Arid land 2023年第9期15卷 1023-1036页

作者： Mitiku A WORKU Gudina l FEYISA Kassahun t BEKEtIE Emmanuel GARBOlINO Department of Environment and Climate Change Management Ethiopian Civil Service UniversityAddis Ababa 1000Ethiopia Center for Environmental Science Addis Ababa UniversityAddis Ababa 1000Ethiopia Climpact Data Science Nova-Sophia 06904France

Climate change caused by past,current,and future greenhouse gas emissions has become a major concern for scientists in the field in many countries and regions of the *** study modelled future precipitation change by downscaling a set of large-scale climate predictor variables(predictors)from the second generation Canadian Earth System Model(CanESM2)under two Representative Concentration Pathway(RCP)emission scenarios(RCP4.5 and RCP8.5)in the semi-arid Borana lowland,southern *** Statistical DownScaling Model(SDSM)4.2.9 was employed to downscale and project future precipitation change in the middle(2036-2065;2050s)and far(2066-2095;2080s)future at the local *** precipitation observations from eight meteorological stations stretching from 1981 to 1995 and 1996 to 2005 were used for the model calibration and validation,respectively,and the time period of 1981-2018 was considered and used as the baseline period to analyze future precipitation *** results revealed that the surface-specific humidity and the geopotential height at 500 hPa were the preferred large-scale *** to the middle future(2050s),precipitation showed a much greater increase in the far future(2080s)under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios at all meteorological stations(except teletele and Dillo stations).At teltele station,the projected annual precipitation will decrease by 26.53%(2050s)and 39.45%(2080s)under RCP4.5 scenario,and 34.99%(2050s)and 60.62%(2080s)under RCP8.5 ***,the main rainy period would shift from spring(March to May)to autumn(September to November)at Dehas,Dire,Moyale,and teltele stations,but for Arero and Yabelo stations,spring would consistently receive more precipitation than *** can be concluded that future precipitation in the semi-arid Borana lowland is predicted to differ under the two climate scenarios(RCP4.5 and RCP8.5),showing an increasing trend at most meteorological *** information could be he

关键词： future precipitation climate change second generation Canadian Earth System Model(CanESM2) Statistical DownScaling Model(SDSM) semi-arid Borana lowland southern Ethiopia

A review of whole-medical systems and holistic care approach for type 2 diabetes and associated metabolic syndrome

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 199-209页

作者： loveness Makoni Idah t.Manduna Alaisa l.Mbiriri Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Environmental Health SciencesCentral University of TechnologyFree State20 President Brand StreetPrivate bag X20539Bloemfontein 9300South Africa Centre for Applied Food Sustainability and Biotechnology(CAFSaB) Faculty of Health and Environmental Health SciencesCentral University of TechnologyFree State20 President Brand StreetPrivate bag X20539Bloemfontein 9300South Africa Adventist Development and Relief Agency(ADRA) 5 Cecil RoadGreendaleHarare 0000Zimbabwe

Whole-person care and holistic care approach has been proposed for complementary and integrative health care for type 2 diabetes ***,some doubts still exist on the feasibility of replicating processes followed in clinical trials and observational studies in real-world *** narrative literature review summarized and assessed existing clinical evidence(clinical trials,observational studies,and case reports)describing holistic and integrated care approach in adult and adolescent individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in clinical *** goal was to highlight existing evidence for implementation and outcomes of whole-medical systems and holistic integrated care approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus.A nonsystematic literature search was performed on Google Scholar,PubMed,Web of Science,ProQuest and ScienceDirect to identify clinical evidence from different parts of the world,evaluating the use of whole-medical systems and/or holistic care interventions in clinical practice for management of type 2 diabetes *** keywords were used in the *** were analyzed using content analysis and simple descriptive statistics(percentages).Most of the studies(64%)were mainly conducted in Eastern countries(India,China and Israel)while 36%of the studies were conducted in the Western countries(USA,Netherlands,Canada and Mexico).lifestyle medicine and integrated naturopathy were shown to be the commonly used whole-medical systems for type 2 diabetes mellitus *** improvements in type 2 diabetes parameters,medication use,other symptoms,and overall feeling of wellness were observed in all *** review study revealed limited utilization and/or documentation of whole-medical systems or holistic care treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus in regions of the world other than eastern *** medicine,naturopathy,yoga,Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine were shown to be effective for type 2 diabetes mellitu

关键词： Complementary and alternative medicine Holistic care Integrative medicine type 2 diabetes mellitus team-based intervention