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the evolving role of Fourier-transform midinfrared spectroscopy in genetic improvement of dairy cattle

journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 626-638页

作者： K.M.tiplady t.j.lopdell M.D.Littlejohn D.j.Garrick research and development livestock improvement corporationprivate bag 3016hamilton 3240new zealand school of agriculture massey universityruakurahamilton 3240new zealand

Over the last 100 years,significant advances have been made in the characterisation of milk composition for dairy cattle improvement *** progress has enabled a shift from labour intensive,on-farm collection and processing of samples that assess yield and fat levels in milk,to large-scale processing of samples through centralised laboratories,with the scope extended to include quantification of other ***-transform midinfrared(Ft-MIR)spectroscopy has had a significant role in the transformation of milk composition phenotyping,with spectral-based predictions of major milk components already being widely used in milk payment and animal evaluation systems ***,there is interest in analysing the individual Ft-MIR wavenumbers,and in utilising the Ft-MIR data to predict other novel traits of importance to breeding *** includes traits related to the nutritional value of milk,the processability of milk into products such as cheese,and traits relevant to animal health and the *** ability to successfully incorporate these traits into breeding programs is dependent on the heritability of the Ft-MIR predicted traits,and the genetic correlations between the Ft-MIR predicted and actual trait *** Ft-MIR predicted traits to the underlying mutations responsible for their variation can be difficult because the phenotypic expression of these traits are a function of a diverse range of molecular and biological mechanisms that can obscure their genetic *** individual Ft-MIR wavenumbers give insights into the chemical composition of milk and provide an additional layer of granularity that may assist with establishing causal links between the genome and observed ***,there are other molecular phenotypes such as those related to the metabolome,chromatin accessibility,and RNA editing that could improve our understanding of the underlying biological systems controlling traits of ***

关键词： Bovine milk Cattle breeding genetics Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy trait prediction

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Generation of brain vascular heterogeneity:recent advances from the perspective of angiogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2013-2014页

作者： Nathanael j.Lee Ryota L.Matsuoka Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Heterogeneous proper t i es of vascular endothelial cells in the brain:the brain displays large energy dynamics and consumption,and this high level of metabolic demands is fulfilled by a continuous supply of glucose and oxygen through its vascular *** vasculature consists of highly divergent blood vessel branches,giving rise to a dense network of capillaries that supply blood to all cells across the *** elaborated vascular network is thought to develop via angiogenesis,a process in which new blood vessels grow from pre-existing *** capillaries exhibit organotypic features distinct from other tissues and are formed primarily by two major endothelial cell(EC)types:those that form the semi-permeable blood-brain barrier(BBB)and those that develop highly permeable pores known as fenestrae(Matsuoka et al.,2022).the structural and functional differences between BBB and fenestrated vascular ECs represent a fundamental feature of brain vasculature and form the foundation for both brain function and homeostasis.

关键词： angiogenesis homeostasis network

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the mean value concept in mono-linear regression of multi-variables and its application to trace studies in geosciences

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第12期50卷 1828-1834页

作者： A j t jULL NSF-AMS laboratory University of Arizona

the "mean value concept" in a mono-linear regression of multi-variables is *** applications to reconstruction of the past 90-year salinity of the sea surface water in Xisha Islands and to tracing the past 80 ka paleo-geomagnetic events from the Luochuan loess 10Be record are introduced in detail,which show the significance and the potential of the "mean value concept" in geoscience research.

关键词： mean value concept, linear regression, trace, reconstruction

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Effect of surface layer softening from previous electrochemical corrosion on electrochemical cold drawing of Q235 steel bar

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journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第5期29卷 819-835页

作者： j.L.Guo t.j.Chen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050GansuChina

the effects of H_(2)SO_(4)concentration and current in electrochemical corrosion on surface layer softening or plasticizing of Q235 steel bar and their effects on subsequent electrochemical cold drawing(ECD)were *** results indicate that the electrochemical corrosion can soften or plasticize the surface layer of Q235 steel bar and then make the subsequent ECD be conducted more *** softening degree and thickness of the surface layer are continuously enhanced with increasing corrosion rate,i.e.,increasing H_(2)SO_(4)concentration or current,due to the generation of more vacancy clusters in deeper regions of surface *** vacancy clusters then relax dislocations through being absorbed during ECD,and the formation and movement of additional dislocation flux are thereby enhanced,resulting in the further obvious decrease in the drawing *** is also due to the enhanced formation and movement of additional dislocation flux that the dislocation density and thus the hardness of the surface layer are decreased,as well as that the texture structure is *** behaviors are enhanced as the corrosion rate increases.

关键词： Electrochemical corrosion Electrochemical cold drawing Surface layer softening Vacancy Additional dislocation flux

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Performance and Internal Flow of Sirocco Fan Using Contra-Rotating Rotors

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journal of thermal Science 2008年第1期17卷 35-41页

作者： j.Fukutomi t.Shigemitsu t.Yasunobu Institute of Science and technology The University of Tokushima2-1 Minamijyosanjima-choTokushima 770-8506JAPAN Institute of Science and technology The University of Tokushima2-1 Minamijyosanjima-choTokushima 770-8506JAPAN Research Associate Graduate School of Advanced technology and Science The University of Tokushima2-1 Minamijyosanjima-choTokushima 770-8506JAPAN

A sirocco fan using contra-rotating rotors in which an inner rotor is settled inside the sirocco fan rotor and each rotor rotates in an opposite direction was proposed for the purpose of getting the higher pressure and making the structure of a sirocco fan more compact. If the high discharge pressure is obtained with the adoption of the contra-rotating rotors, it could be used for various purposes. Pressure coefficient of a sirocco fan with contra-rotating rotors is 2.5 times as high as the conventional sirocco fan and the maximum efficiency point of contra-rotating rotors shifts to larger flow rate than a conventional sirocco fan. On the other hand, it was clarified from the flow measurement results that circumferential velocity component at the outlet of the outer rotor of contra-rotating ro- tors becomes larger than a conventional one. In the present paper, the performance of a conventional sirocco fan and a sirocco fan with contra-rotating rotors are shown and the internal flow field at the outlet of outer rotor of both cases is clarified. then, the effect of different kind of contra-rotating rotors on the performance and internal flow field is investigated and the rotor design with higher performance would be discussed.

关键词： Sirocco fan High pressure Contra-rotating rotors Slow angle Circular arc blade Aerofoil blade

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Stochastic framework for modeling the linear apparent behavior of complex materials:Application to random porous materials with interphases

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2013年第6期29卷 773-782页

作者： j.Guilleminot t.t.Le C.Soize Universit Paris-Est Laboratoire Modlisation et Simulation Multi EchelleMSME UMR8208 CNRS5 Bd Descartes77454 Marne la ValleFrance

this paper is concerned with the modeling of randomness in multiscale analysis of heterogeneous materials. More specifically, a framework dedicated to the stochastic modeling of random properties is first introduced. A probabilistic model for matrix-valued second-order random fields with symmetry propertries, recently proposed in the literature, is further reviewed. Algorithms adapted to the Monte Carlo simulation of the proposed representation are also provided. the derivations and calibration procedure are finally exemplified through the modeling of the apparent properties associated with an elastic porous microstructure containing stochastic interphases.

关键词： Apparent properties MaxEnt Probabilistic model

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two-fluid modelling for cylindrical fluidized beds using kinetic theory for rough spheres

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Particuology 2020年第3期18卷 25-34页

作者： Lei Yang j.t.Padding j.A.M.Kuipers Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy(IEK-11) Fürther Straβe 24890429 NurnbergGermany Department of Process and Energy Delft University of Technology2628CB DelftThe Netherlands Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology5600MB EindhovenThe Netherlands

Recently,we have extended the kinetic theory of granular flow (KtGF) to include friction between the spherical particles and tested it in rectangular *** this study,the extended KtGF implemented in cylindrical coordinates is used to model the more-commonly employed cylindrical bubbling fluidized *** attention is paid to the anti-symmetric part of the velocity gradient in the solids stress *** verification of the implementation,a comparison of the present model in the limit of zero friction with the original (frictionless) KtGF model was ***,simulations of bubbling fluidized beds of inelastic particles were performed using our extended KtGF and an effective KtGF model for inelastic particles of jenkins and *** simulation results show good agreement for the time-averaged solids volume fraction distribution and solids circulation ***,our model is validated by predicting the individual bubble behavior in dense bubbling fluidized beds containing different granular materials in a comparison with experimental data from Verma et al.(2014).the extended KtGF leads to an improved agreement with experimental bubble *** to previous work (Yang et al.,2016b,2017c),and by introducing cylindrical coordinates,the current work demonstrates that the extended KtGF improves predictions for the temporal bubble behavior of cylindrical fluidized beds.

关键词： Fluidization Frictional collision Rough particles Cylindrical bed hydrodynamics two-fluid model

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Microstructure and tensile properties of magnesium nanocomposites fabricated using magnesium chips and carbon black

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第3期8卷 860-872页

作者： t.j.Lee W.j.Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hongik UniversityMapo-guSangsu-dong 72-1Seoul 121-791Republic of Korea

In this study,carbon black(0,0.01,0.03 and 0.08 wt%)and AZ31(Mg-3Al-lZn)magnesium chips were used to fabricate carbon black-reinforced magnesium matrix composites with extrusion or a combination of extrusion and high-ratio differential speed *** hot pressing at 693 K and extrusion at 623 K with an extrusion ratio of 22,the magnesium chips coated with carbon black were soundly bonded into a bulk composite *** grain sizes of the extruded materials were similar with a size of 48.2-51.5|im despite the difference in the amount of carbon *** yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increased from 177 to 191 MPa and from 240 to 265 MPa,respectively,as a result of the addition of 0.01%carbon black;however,a further increase in the strength was marginal with additional carbon *** same trend was observed in the strain hardening *** tensile elongation increased by to the addition of 0.01%carbon black(from 15.8%to 17.4%)due to the increased work hardening effect,but decreased with additional carbon black due to its agglomeration and poor dispersion at higher *** high-ratio differential speed rolling(HRDSR)on the extruded materials and subsequent annealing,the AZ31 and AZ31 composites had a similar fine grain size of 16.3-17.9 *** annealed HRDSR composites showed the best mechanical properties at a higher content of carbon black(0.03%)compared to that(0.01%)for the extruded *** resulted from the enhanced dispersion effect of the carbon black due to the high shear flow induced during the HRDSR *** extruded composites exhibited the three distinct hardening stages(stage II,stage III and stage IV),while the annealed HRDSR composites mainly displayed the stage III *** addition of carbon black increased the strain hardening rate at all the strain hardening stages in both of the extruded and annealed HRDSR *** the initial hardening stage,the strain hardening rates of the extruded comp

关键词： Recycling Magnesium alloys chips Carbon black Nanocomposites Extrusion Differential speed rolling

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Structural modeling of sandwich structures with lightweight cellular cores

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2007年第5期23卷 545-559页

作者： t.Liu Z.C.Deng t.j.Lu Department of Engineering Mechanics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China MOE Key Laboratory of Strength and Vibration School of AerospaceXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

An effective single layered finite element （FE） computational model is proposed to predict the structural behavior of lightweight sandwich panels having two dimensional （2D） prismatic or three dimensional （3D） truss cores. three different types of cellular core topology are considered： pyramidal truss core （3D）, Kagome truss core （3D） and corrugated core （2D）, representing three kinds of material anisotropy： orthotropic, monoclinic and general anisotropic. A homogenization technique is developed to obtain the homogenized macroscopic stiffness properties of the cellular core. In comparison with the results obtained by using detailed FE model, the single layered computational model can give acceptable predictions for both the static and dynamic behaviors of orthotropic truss core sandwich panels. However, for non-orthotropic 3D truss cores, the predictions are not so well. For both static and dynamic behaviors of a 2D corrugated core sandwich panel, the predictions derived by the single layered computational model is generally acceptable when the size of the unit cell varies within a certain range, with the predictions for moderately strong or strong corrugated cores more accurate than those for weak cores.

关键词： Cellular material Sandwich panel Homogenization Finite element

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Numerical analysis of thermal plasma scrubber for CF4 decomposition

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Plasma Science and technology 2019年第6期21卷 9-14页

作者： j KO t H KIM S CHOI Department of Nuclear and Energy Engineering Jeju National University Jeju 63243 Republic of Korea Institute for Nuclear Science and technology Jeju National University Jeju 63243 Republic of Korea

CF4 gas emitted in the semiconductor and display manufacturing process is a very harmful greenhouse *** must be removed or converted safely due to its extreme *** a CF4 decomposition system using a thermal plasma scrubber was commercialized,its removal efficiency is *** this work,a numerical analysis of CF4 decomposition in the thermal plasma scrubber was carried out in order to propose an efficient decomposition *** decomposition and recombination temperatures of CF4 were analyzed using thermodynamic equilibrium *** chemical reaction of CF4 decomposition into carbon and fluorine gas was considered in this numerical *** injection position and angle of the CF4 were controlled in order to enhance the decomposition *** vertical injection of CF4 near the torch exit improved the mixing of the CF4 with the thermal plasma *** addition,it was confirmed that the high temperature region expanded due to a vortex generated by strong turbulence in the bottleneck-shaped *** a result,it is revealed that the CF4 injection location and the reactor configuration are the most important factors in improving the decomposition rate.

关键词： numerical simulation decomposition CF4 thermal plasma scrubber

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