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Heavy metal pollution of river water and eco-friendly remediation using potent microalgal species

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 41-50页

作者： Amudham Radha Amal Raj Prabhakaran Mylsamy V.Sivasankar B.Sathish Kumar Kiyoshi Omine t.G.Sunitha Phycological Research Laboratory Research Department of BotanyPachaiyappa's College(Affliated to University of Madras)Chennai 600030India Research Department of Chemistry Pachaiyappa's College(Affliated to University of Madras)Chennai 600030India Department of Botany Sri Vidya Mandir Arts&Science College(Autonomous)KatteriUthangarai 636902India Department of Civil Engineering School of Engineering.Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki-Daigaku1-14 Bunkyo-machiNagasaki 8528521Japan

Pollution of rivers is mainly caused by anthropogenic activities such as discharge of effluent from industrial facilities,maintenance of sewage/effluent treatment plants,and dumping of solid waste on river banks.this study dealt with the pollution issues of the Cooum River in the well-known city of Chennai in South India.Water samples from 27 locations were collected and analyzed for 12 elements,including Ba,B,and Al,as well as heavy metals such as Pb,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,and Cd.the samples showed levels of these elements that exceeded World Health Organization recommendations.Pearson correlation analysis revealed the inter-dependency among elements,and the contribution of each element based on factor loadings showed its percentage contribution compared to others.Water samples from six significant locations were chosen for remediation with three algae:Chlorella vulgaris,Scenedesmus dimorphus,and Phormedium sp.the uptake of pollutants led to the continuous growth of algae during the incubation period of 15 d,effectively removing heavy metals from the river water.the increasing levels of algal counts and the chlorophyll a content confirmed the algal growth during the incubation period,followed by a declining stage after the incubation period.the scanning electron microscopic images of algae before and after the remediation showed no remarkable modification of morphological patterns.this study showed that the uptake of heavy metals using algae is an effective water pollution remediation measure,making the process practicable in the field on a large scale in the near future.

关键词： Heavy metal Cooum river Phycoremediation Microalgae Factor analysis

Phytoconstituents Profiling of Indigenous Herbal Drugs and Its in vitro Microbial,in Silico Biological Examination against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

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World Journal of traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 121-136页

作者： t.H.Mohamed Ahadu Shareef MMohamed Divan Masood Irfan Navabshan MSaiyad Musthafa Department of Chemistry The New College(Autonomous)Affiliated to the University of MadrasChennaiTamil NaduIndia School of Computer Applications B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia Crescent School of Pharmacy B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Zoology The New College(Autonomous)Affiliated to the University of MadrasChennaiTamil NaduIndia

Background:Habb-E-Shifa,Hamdard Sualin,and Hamdard Joshanda traditional herbal medicines may promote host resistance against infection by bacteria,viruses,and fungi which are easily accessible at inexpensive with no complexity.these herbal medicines are used to cure sore throat,cough,fever,lung cancer,and asthma patients in developing South Asian countries.these traditional herbal medicines acted a crucial role in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Aims and Objectives:this research article aimed at conducting phytochemistry,antimicrobial activity,COVID-19 docking and some spectroscopic(Infrared,Ultraviolet,13C-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(13C-NMR),1H-NMR,and Mass Spectra)characterizations of the polyherbal drugs were carried out.Additionally,In-vitro and In-silico analyses were performed to measure activity against COVID-19.High Performance-Liquid Chromatography(HPLC),Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS),antimicrobial,and docking studies were carried out.the preliminary phytochemical assay and bioactive compounds were screened using HPLC and GC-MS.the study is an attempt to assess the promising effects of selected polyherbal indigenous drugs such as Habb-E-Shifa,Hamdard Sualin,and Hamdard Joshanda phytoconstituents against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-Co V-2).Materials and Methods:the extract of the selected polyherbal formulations showed high-to-moderate preventive effects on the growth inhibition in the pathogenic bacterium,namely Streptococcus oralis,Staphylococcus aureus,Propionibacterium acnes,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,and Proteus vulgaris,and three fungal Candida albicans,Aspergillus fumigatus,and Aspergillus niger.Further docking study evaluates the pharmacological activity of bioactive chemical compounds with SARS-Co V-2 NSP5(PDB ID:7nxh)and SARS-Co V-2 Omicron spike protein with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE-2)(PDB ID:7wk6).Results:In this study,for the first time,we attempted to examine some spectroscopic characteri

关键词： Antimicrobial herbal drug Omicron and coronavirus disease 2019 phytochemicals spectroscopic

Spatiotemporal mapping of(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mine areas:Implications of economic and political realities in China

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第1期3卷 91-102页

作者： Heling Li Liang tang tim t.Werner Zhengmeng Hou Fan Meng Jingjing Li College of Earth Sciences Chengdu University of TechnologyChengduChina Institute of Subsurface Energy Systems Clausthal University of TechnologyClausthal ZellerfeldGermany School of Geography Earth and Atmospheric SciencesFaculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

the spatiotemporal extension/expansion of mine areas is affected by multiple factors.So far,very little has been done to examine the interaction between mine areas and political or economic realities.the(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mines in China played a specific role in supporting national development and providing an ideal research subject for monitoring their interrelationship.In this study,remote sensing and mining‐related GIS data were used to identify and analyze 1233(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mine area polygons in China,which covered approximately 322.96 km2 of land and included a V–ti–Fe mine,a copper–nickel mine,a chromite mine,an asbestos mine,and a diamond mine.It was found that(1)the areal expansion of mines is significantly related to the mine types,perimeter,topography,and population density.(2)the mine area variation also reflects market and policy realities.the temporal expansion of the mine area from 2010 to 2020 followed an S‐shaped pattern(with the turning point occurring in 2014),closely related to iron overcapacity and tightened mining policies.(3)the complexity(D)of the mine area may reflect mine design and excavation practices.to be specific,lower D indicates early‐stage or artisanal/small‐scale mining,whereas higher D represents large‐scale mining.this study demonstrates that the detailed mapping of mine land can serve as an indicator to implement miningrelated market and policy changes.the(ultra‐)mafic mines area data set can be accessed at https://***/record/7636616#.Y-p0uXaZOa0.

关键词： complexity mine area mining and socioeconomic interaction spatiotemporal distribution (ultra‐)mafic magmatic mine

How Common can the Origin of Clusters Cha Ⅰ, Cha Ⅱ, ∈Cha and η Cha be?

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 28-34页

作者： V.V.Bobylev A.t.Bajkova Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory St.-Petersburg 196140Russia

the trajectories of the groupings η Cha,∈Cha and Cha I,Cha II,constructed backward in time,have been studied.We concluded that the hypothesis about the joint formation of all four of these clusters from one molecular cloud cannot be completely excluded.However,10–15 Myr ago,all these four clusters were located at approximately the same height above the plane of the Galaxy.thus,the gas-dust clouds from which all these four clusters were formed were located on one broad front.It is possible that the appearance of the Cha I,Cha II,∈Cha and η Cha clusters may be associated with the impact on such a front of shock waves formed after supernova explosions in the Scorpius–Centaurus association.New estimates of the kinematic ages of the clusters Cha I and Cha II are obtained as 0.12±0.19 and 0.05±0.15,respectively.It is shown that the minimum size of the Cha I-north and Cha I-south clusters corresponded to the time of 0.55±0.24 Myr and 0.04±0.18 Myr ago,respectively,and approximately1.5 Myr ago the distance between the trajectories of these two groupings was minimal.

关键词： stars distances-stars kinematics and dynamics-galaxies star formation

Construction of 2D/2D ti_(3)C_(2)t_(x)MXene/CdS heterojunction with photothermal effect for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2024年第4期171卷 1-9页

作者： t.Y.Huang Z.Yang S.Y.Yang Z.H.Dai Y.J.Liu J.H.Liao G.Y.Zhong Z.J.Xie Y.P.Fang S.S.Zhang Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureCollege of Materials and EnergySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510643China School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Chemical Engineering and Energy technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy SystemsDongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China

the insensitivity of semiconductors to visible and infrared light is a key constraint on the utilization of light energy in photocatalytic reactions.Constructing photocatalysts with full-spectrum absorption through surface engineering is an effective approach to fully harnessing light energy in semiconductor materials.Herein,a novel stable ti_(3)C_(2)t_(x)MXene/CdS heterojunction catalyst is obtained by in-situ epitaxial growth of two-dimensional(2D)CdS nanosheets on 2D MXene interface via a solvothermal method.the exceptional light absorption properties of MXene confer outstanding full-spectrum driven photocat-alytic hydrogen evolution capability upon the heterogeneous catalyst.the unique 2D/2D structure effectively mitigated the recombination of photogenerated carriers,enhancing the photocatalytic performance of the catalyst.Moreover,the composite catalyst exhibits a significantly higher surface temperature of 80.4℃under visible light irradiation at an intensity of 0.1 W/cm^(2),which is 1.84 times higher than that of CdS.Under irradiation of visible and near infrared light,the composite catalyst with photothermal ef-fect demonstrates a remarkable hydrogen evolution rate of 65.4 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1),which is 7.2 times higher than that of CdS catalyst.this study introduces a novel approach for constructing full-spectrum absorption catalysts and expands the application of the photothermal effect in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution research.

关键词： two-dimensional structure Heterostructure Photothermal effect Photocatalyst Hydrogen evolution

Radiative decays D*(s)→ D(s)γ in covariant confined quark model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 45-56页

作者： C.t.tran M.A.Ivanov P.Santorelli Q.C.Vo Department of Physics HCMC University of Technology and EducationVo Van Ngan 1700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam Bogoliubov Laboratory of theoretical Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear Research141980 DubnaRussia Dipartimento di Fisica"E.Pancini" Universitàdi Napoli Federico ⅡComplesso Universitario di Monte S.AngeloVia CintiaEdificio 680126 NapoliItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Napoli80126 NapoliItaly University of Science 700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam

Radiative decays D((s))*→D((s))γare revisited in light of new experimental data from the BaBar and BESⅢCollaborations.the radiative couplings gD*Dγencoding nonperturbative QCD effects are calculated in the framework of the covariant confined quark model developed by us.We compare our results with other theoretical studies and experimental data.the couplings(in GeV-1)|g(D*+D+γ)|=0.45(9)and|g(D*0D0γ)|=1.72(34)calculated in our model agree with the corresponding experimental data|g(D*+D+γ)|=0.47(7)and|g(D*0D0γ)|=1.77(16).the most interesting case is the decay Ds*→Dsγ,for which a recent prediction based on light-cone sum rules at next-to-leading order|gDs*Dsγ|=0.60(19)deviates from the first(and only to date)lattice QCD result|gDs*Dsγ|=0.11(2)at nearly3σ.Our calculation yields|gDs*Dsγ|=0.29(6),which falls somehow between the two mentioned results,although it is larger than those predicted in other studies using quark models or QCD sum rules.

关键词： covariant quark model radiative decay charmed meson

Al-Ca-Cu三元合金体系中与铝平衡的金属间化合物

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transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第5期34卷 1380-1392页

作者： t.K.AKOPYAN t.A.SVIRIDOVA N.A.BELOV N.V.LEtYAGIN A.V.KOROtItSKIY National University of Science and technology MISiS 4 Leninsky pr.Moscow 119049Russia

对三元Al-Ca-Cu合金体系中与铝固溶体平衡的(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca、Al_(27)Ca_(3)Cu_(7)和Al_(8)CaCu_(4)金属间化合物的结构和性能进行全面分析。基于Al4Ca相中部分Al原子被Cu取代,将(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca金属间化合物视为线性化合物。化合物中铜的... 详细信息

对三元Al-Ca-Cu合金体系中与铝固溶体平衡的(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca、Al_(27)Ca_(3)Cu_(7)和Al_(8)CaCu_(4)金属间化合物的结构和性能进行全面分析。基于Al4Ca相中部分Al原子被Cu取代,将(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca金属间化合物视为线性化合物。化合物中铜的溶解度达到10 at.%(19 wt.%),导致化合物的晶格结构、物理和力学性能发生显著变化。例如,化合物的密度从2.22 g/cm^(3)增加到2.79 g/cm^(3),显微硬度从HV 180增加到HV 250。将Al_(27)Ca_(3)Cu_(7)相视为具有严格化学计量比和BaHg11型初始晶体结构的三元化合物,其空间群为Pm3m,晶格参数为8.514Å,密度为3.45 g/cm^(3)。Al_(8)CaCu_(4)相也是严格化学计量比的三元化合物,具有Mn_(12)th型晶格结构,最高的显微硬度(HV 505)和密度(4.57 g/cm^(3))。属于二元(Al)+(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca相场和准二元(Al)+Al_(27)Ca_(3)Cu_(7)截面的合金,有前景作为新型天然铝基复合材料的基材。

关键词：金属间化合物 Al-Ca合金显微组织晶体结构物理性能力学性能

Low-loss and polarization insensitive 32×4 optical switch for ROADM applications

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 875-884页

作者： Xiaotian Zhu Xiang Wang Yanlu Huang Liyan Wu Chunfei Zhao Mingzhu Xiao Luyi Wang Roy Davidson Yanni Ou Brent E.Little Sai t.Chu Department of Physics City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueHong KongChina. QXP technologies Inc. NO.15th Shanglinyuan 1st RoadXi’anShaanxi 710119China. State Key Laboratory of Information of Photonics and Optical Communications School of Electronic EngineeringBeijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

Integrated switches play a crucial role in the development of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers(ROADMs)that have greater flexibility and compactness,ultimately leading to robust single-chip solutions.Despite decades of research on switches with various structures and platforms,achieving a balance between dense integration,low insertion loss(IL),and polarization-dependent loss(PDL)remains a significant challenge.In this paper,we propose and demonstrate a 32×4 optical switch using high-index doped silica glass(HDSG)for ROADM applications.this switch is designed to route any of the 32 inputs to the express ports or drop any channels from 32 inputs to the target 4 drop ports or add any of the 4 ports to any of the 32 express channels.the switch comprises 188 MachZehnder Interferometer(MZI)type switch elements,88 optical vias for the 44 optical bridges,and 618 waveguidewaveguide crossings with three-dimensional(3D)structures.At 1550 nm,the fiber-to-fiber loss for each express channel is below 2 dB,and across the C and L bands,below 3 dB.For each input channel to all 4 drop/add channels at 1550 nm,the loss is less than 3.5 dB and less than 5 dB across the C and L bands.the PDLs for all express and input channels to the 4 drop/add channels are below 0.3 dB over the C band,and the crosstalk is under−50 dB for both the C and L bands.

关键词： polarization ROADM optical

A novel approach to study generalized coupled cubic Schrödinger-Korteweg-de Vries equations

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第1期9卷 13-24页

作者： Lanre Akinyemi P.Veeresha M.t.Darvishi Hadi Rezazadeh Mehmet Senol Udoh Akpan Department of Mathematics Lafayette CollegeEastonPAUSA Department of Mathematics Christ Deemed to be UniversityBengaluru 560029India Department of Mathematics Razi UniversityKermanshah 67149Iran Faculty of Engineering technology Amol University of Special Modern TechnologiesAmolIran Department of Mathematics Nev¸s ehir HacıBekta¸s Veli UniversityNev¸s ehirTurkey Drexel University Department of MathematicsPhiladelphiaPAUSA

the Kortewegde Vries(KdV)equation represents the propagation of long waves in dispersive media,whereas the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger(CNLS)equation depicts the dynamics of narrow-bandwidth wave packets consisting of short dispersive waves.A model that couples these two equations seems in-triguing for simulating the interaction of long and short waves,which is important in many domains of applied sciences and engineering,and such a system has been investigated in recent decades.this work uses a modified Sardar sub-equation procedure to secure the soliton-type solutions of the generalized cubic nonlinear Schrödinger-Korteweg-de Vries system of equations.For various selections of arbitrary parameters in these solutions,the dynamic properties of some acquired solutions are represented graph-ically and analyzed.In particular,the dynamics of the bright solitons,dark solitons,mixed bright-dark solitons,W-shaped solitons,M-shaped solitons,periodic waves,and other soliton-type solutions.Our re-sults demonstrated that the proposed technique is highly efficient and effective for the aforementioned problems,as well as other nonlinear problems that may arise in the fields of mathematical physics and engineering.

关键词： CNLS equation Modiﬁed Sardar sub-equation method KdV equation Solitons Long and short waves