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Voids size distribution in gelled waxy crude oil under dynamic and static cooling

Petroleum research 2024年第1期9卷 109-114页

作者： Girma t.Chala Shaharin A.Sulaiman Department of Mechanical Engineering(Well Engineering) International College of Engineering and ManagementP.O.Box 2511C.P.O Seeb 111MuscatOman Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar37500TronohPerakMalaysia

Waxy crude oil is known for its high wax contents that can potentially result in gelling following sufficient cooling of the transportation line in the subsea bed at offshore *** gelling over the entire lines requires an accurately predicted restart pressure to restart the clogged and idle ***,the common way of predicting the restart pressure has been reported to result in over-designed and predicted piping *** research findings evidenced the formation of voids which would reduce the restart pressure *** study conducted in this paper is aimed at investigating the voids size distribution in gelled crude oil across and along transportation *** of experiments simulating crude oil transportation during both static and dynamic cooling were *** gelled crude oil below the pour point temperature was then scanned using a Magnetic resonance Imaging(MrI)system to detect the voids *** resulting voids at each scanning cross-section were quantified,and their distributions were *** was observed that dynamic cooling had minimal impacts on the voids size difference along the pipeline with the difference in voids areas within 10 mm^(2) to be twice and uniform for the entire flow rates ***,voids size in statically cooled waxy crude oil was found to be highly distributed with a maximum of 6 voids size distribution in 10 mm2 *** low-end temperature had the highest size difference while the difference was decreasing with higher end *** study shows that the voids amount in dynamically cooled waxy crude oil could also be estimated with lower numbers of cross-sectional voids ***,the higher cross-sectional voids detection is recommended while estimating voids in statically cooled waxy crude oil.

关键词： Gelled crude oil Voids size distribution Dynamic cooling Static cooling

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treat to target in Crohn’s disease:A practical guide for clinicians

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期30卷 50-69页

作者： Ashish r Srinivasan Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthVictoriaMelbourne 3083Australia Department of Gastroenterology Eastern HealthVictoriaMelbourne 3128Australia Department of Medicine University of MelbourneVictoriaMelbourne 3052Australia

A treat-to-target(t2t)approach applies the principles of early intervention and tight disease control to optimise long-term outcomes in Crohn's *** Selecting therapeutic targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease(StrIDE)-II guidelines specify short,intermediate,and long-term treatment goals,documenting specific treatment targets to be achieved at each of these *** appraisal of Crohn’s disease activity against pre-defined treatment targets at these timepoints remains central to determining whether current therapy should be continued or *** treatment targets in Crohn’s disease comprise combination clinical and patient-reported outcome remission,in conjunction with biomarker normalisation and endoscopic *** the StrIDE-II guidelines endorse the pursuit of endoscopic healing,clinicians must consider that this may not always be appropriate,acceptable,or achievable in all *** underscores the need to engage patients at the outset in an effort to personalise care and individualise treatment *** use of non-invasive biomarkers such as faecal calprotectin in conjunction with cross-sectional imaging techniques,particularly intestinal ultrasound,holds great promise;as do emerging treatment targets such as transmural *** randomised clinical trials,namely,CALM and StArDUSt,have evaluated the efficacy of a t2t approach in achieving endoscopic endpoints in patients with Crohn’s *** from these studies reflect that patient subgroups and Crohn’s disease characteristics likely to benefit most from a t2t approach,remain to be ***,outside of clinical trials,data pertaining to the real-world effectiveness of a t2t approach remains scare,highlighting the need for pragmatic real-world *** the obvious promise of a t2t approach,a lack of guidance to support its integration into real-world clinical practice has the potential to limit its *** highlights the need to describe st

关键词： treat to target Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease treatment targets Endoscopic remission transmural healing time to response Intestinal ultrasound

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Evaluation of slope stability through rock mass classification and kinematic analysis of some major slopes along NH-1A from ramban to Banihal, North Western Himalayas

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Journal of rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 167-182页

作者： Amit Jaiswal A.K.Verma t.N.Singh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PatnaPatna801106India

the network of Himalayan roadways and highways connects some remote regions of valleys or hill slopes,which is vital for India’s socio-economic *** to natural and artificial factors,frequency of slope instabilities along the networks has been increasing over last few *** of stability of natural and artificial slopes due to construction of these connecting road networks is significant in safely executing these roads throughout the *** rock mass classification methods are generally used to assess the strength and deformability of rock *** study assesses slope stability along the NH-1A of ramban district of North Western *** structurally and non-structurally controlled rock mass classification systems have been applied to assess the stability conditions of 14 *** evaluating the stability of these slopes,kinematic analysis was performed along with geological strength index(GSI),rock mass rating(rMr),continuous slope mass rating(CoSMr),slope mass rating(SMr),and Q-slope in the present *** SMr gives three slopes as completely unstable while CoSMr suggests four slopes as completely *** stability of all slopes was also analyzed using a design chart under dynamic and static conditions by slope stability rating(SSr)for the factor of safety(FoS)of 1.2 and 1 respectively.Q-slope with probability of failure(PoF)1%gives two slopes as stable *** slope angle has been determined based on the Q-slope safe angle equation and SSr design chart based on the *** value ranges given by different empirical classifications were rMr(37-74),GSI(27.3-58.5),SMr(11-59),and CoSMr(3.39-74.56).Good relationship was found among rMr&SSr and rMr&GSI with correlation coefficient(r 2)value of 0.815 and 0.6866,***,a comparative stability of all these slopes based on the above classification has been performed to identify the most critical slope along this road.

关键词： rock mass classification Kinematic analysis Slope stability Himalayan road Static and dynamic conditions

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Near resonance vibration isolation on a levered-dual response(LEDAr)Coulomb-damped system by differential preloads/offsets in linear springs

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1033-1050页

作者： t.I.tOLUWALOJU C.K.tHEIN D.HALIM Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence research and Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315048Zhejiang ProvinceChina

the levered-dual response(LEDAr)Coulomb-damped system attains near resonant vibration isolation by differential preloads/offsets in linear *** takes the advantages of both the preloads/offsets in linear springs and the guiderail friction for realizing different levels of vibration *** isolation capacities are investigated on the strategies with both the horizontal and vertical guiderails,with the horizontal rail only,and without *** compressive preloads generally result in the consumption of most of the initial excitation energy so as to overcome the potential *** isolation onsets at the frequency ratio of 1∓0.095 on the left-hand side(LHS)and the right-hand side(rHS)of the lever are relative to the load plate *** observed near resonant isolation thus makes the LEDAr system a candidate for the isolation of the mechanical systems about resonance while opening a path for simultaneous harvesterisolation functions and passive functions at extreme frequencies.

关键词： lever ratio Coulomb damping preload tension/compression isolation band/depth offset potential

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Development of endemicity and conservation importance indices for tropical forests and the floral diversity assessment of *** in Benguet,Philippines

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 786-804页

作者： Johndale rein t.BULLONG Jim P.SILVErIO Joanna I.ALAFAG Maricel A.GUrON Jones t.NAPALDEt Department of Environmental Science Benguet State UniversityLa Trinidad 2601Philippines Department of Biology Benguet State UniversityLa Trinidad 2601Philippines

the scientific community faces the challenge of measuring progress toward biodiversity targets and indices have been traditionally ***,recent inventories in secondary tropical mountain forests using traditional biodiversity indices have yielded results that are indistinct with primary *** shows the need to develop complementary indices that goes beyond species count but integrates the distribution and conservation status of the *** study developed endemicity and conservation importance index for tropical forest that incorporated the distribution and conservation status of the *** indices were applied to ***,a remnant primary mossy forest in Buguias,Benguet,Philippines,that resulted to endemicity index of 81.07 and conservation importance index of *** these with secondary forest sites with comparable Shannon-Wiener,Simpson,Evenness and Margalef’s indices,our endemicity and conservation indices clearly differentiates primary forest(our study site)with higher values from secondary forests with much lower ***,we are proposing these indices for a direct but scientifically-informed identification of specific sites for conservation and protection in tropical ***,our study documented a total of 168 vascular plant species(79 endemic and 12 locally threatened species)in *** are of tropical elements for both generic and species levels with some temperate elements that could be attributed to the site's high elevation and semi-temperate *** are important baseline information for conservation plans and monitoring of tropical mossy forests.

关键词： Endemicity index Conservation importance index Cordillera Central range Floristic element Jaccard Index of Similarity

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Why and how to use the SeqCode

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 1-13页

作者： Wiliam B.Whitman Maria Chuvochina Brian P.Hedlund Konstantinos t.Konstantinidis Marike Palmer Luis M.rodriguez-r lain Sutcliffe Fengping Wang Deparment of Microbioogy University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUAA Schoolof Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences Australian CentreforEogenomicsThe Universty of QueenslandSt LuciaAustralia University of Nevada Las Vegas Las VegasNevadaUSA Schol of Civil and Environmental Engineering and School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Department of Microbiology University of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada School of Life Sciences University of Nevada Las VegasLas VegasNevadaUSA Department of Microbiology and Digital Science Center(DiSC) University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria Faculty of Health&Life Sciences Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK School of Oceanography International Center for Deep Life InvestigationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

the SeqCode,formally called the Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Described from Sequence Data,is a new code of nomenclature in which genome sequences are the nomenclatural types for the names of prokaryotic *** similar to the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes(ICNP)in structure and rules of priority,it does not require the deposition of type strains in international culture ***,it allows for the formation of permanent names for uncultured prokaryotes whose nearly complete genome sequences have been obtained directly from environmental DNA as well as other prokaryotes that cannot be deposited in culture *** the diversity of uncultured prokaryotes greatly exceeds that of readily culturable prokaryotes,the SeqCode is the only code suitable for naming the majority of prokaryotic *** start date of the SeqCode was January 1,2022,and the online registry(https://***)was created to ensure valid publication of *** SeqCode recognizes all names validly published under the ICNP before *** that date,names validly published under the SeqCode compete with ICNP names for *** a result,species can have only one name,either from the SeqCode or ICNP,enabling effective communication and the creation of unified taxonomies of uncultured and cultured *** SeqCode is administered by the SeqCode Committee,which is comprised of the SeqCode Community and elected administrative *** with an interest in the systematics of prokaryotes is encouraged to join the SeqCode Community and participate in the development of this resource.

关键词： genome sequences metagenome-assembled genomes nomenclature SeqCode

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Grazing Pressure and Plant Functional types in Puna Highlands,Northwestern Argentina

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第5期93卷 1067-1080页

作者： Quiroga Mendiola Mariana tálamo Andrés IPAF NOA—INtA(National Institute for Agricultural technology) Posta de HornillosJujuy4622Argentina Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de SaltaSalta4400Argentina Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA(IBIGEO) UNSa-CONICET.Laboratorio de Ecología Aplicada a la Conservación(LEAC)Facultad de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de SaltaSalta4400Argentina Maestría en Gestión Ambiental Escuela de NegociosUniversidad Católica de Salta(UCASAL)Salta4400Argentina

the Puna grasslands support grazing systems that produce meat and wool in multi-species herds,especially from llama(Lama glama)and ***,it is yet unknown whether grazing pressure can modify grassland structure and Plant Functional types diversity and cover in Puna *** analyzed the relationship between grazing pressure and Plant Functional types by comparing transects located near stockyards(high grazing pressure)and far from them(low pressure)and by evaluating the relationship between the Plant Functional types cover to a Grazing Pressure Index(GPI).this index incorporates the heterogeneity of traditional pastoral *** two ecological sites(Ciénego and tolar),we sampled paired transects(near-far).Plots near and far from corrals were similar in all the variables measured except for plots in tolar,which tend to have higher total cover,possibly due to fecal fertilization near ***,we recorded an increase in total cover and grass cover at higher GPI in Ciénego,while in tolar we found lower values of total cover and herbaceous dicotyledonous cover at intermediate intensities of *** only negative relationship found was the cover of clonal and non-clonal shrubs,possibly explained by the greater use of these shrubs as firewood near *** summary,our study does not show important changes in Plant Functional types as a function of grazing pressure in the studied grasslands probably because grazing pressure is diluted or diminished when livestock rotates in different areas and grazing durations ***,the long grazing history with which the Puna has evolved could also contribute to the co-structuration between native vegetation and livestock farming.

关键词： Natural grasslands Puna herbivory ecological perturbation

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Changes in snow cover extent in the Central taurus Mountains from 1981 to 2021 in relation to temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric teleconnections

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 49-67页

作者： Ecmel ErLAt Fulya AYDIN-KANDEMİr Department of Geography Ege UniversityIzmir 35100Türkiye Climate Change and Zero Waste Department Antalya Metropolitan MunicipalityAntalya 07310Türkiye Hydropolitics Association Ankara 06680Türkiye

the snow cover over the taurus Mountains affects water supply, agriculture, and hydropower generation in the region. In this study, we analyzed the monthly Snow Cover Extent(SCE) from November to April in the Central taurus Mountains(Bolkar, Aladaglar, tahtali and Binboga Mountains) from 1981 to 2021. Linear trends of snow cover season(November to April) over the last 41 years showed decreases in SCE primarily at lower elevations. the downward trend in SCE was found to be more pronounced and statistically significant for only November and March. SCE in the Central taurus Mountains has declined about-6.3% per decade for 2500-3000 m in November and about-6.0% per decade for 1000-1500 m and 3000+ m in March over the last 41 years. the loss of SCE has become evident since the 2000s, and the lowest negative anomalies in SCE have been observed in 2014, 2001, and 2007 in the last 41 years, which are consistent with an increase in air temperature and decreased precipitation. SCE was correlated with both mean temperature and precipitation, with temperature having a greater relative importance at all elevated gradients. results showed that there is a strong linear relationship between SCE and the mean air temperature(r =-0.80) and precipitation(r = 0.44) for all elevated gradients during the snow season. the Arctic Oscillation(AO), the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO), and the Mediterranean Oscillation(MO) winter indices were used to explain the year-to-year variability in SCE over the Central taurus Mountains. the results showed that the inter-annual variability observed in the winter SCE on the Central taurus Mountains was positively correlated with the phases of the winter AO, NAO and MO, especially below 2000 m elevation.

关键词： Snow cover extent Atmospheric teleconnection Central taurus Mountains Air temperature and precipitation Geographic Information Systems türkiye

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A review of whole-medical systems and holistic care approach for type 2 diabetes and associated metabolic syndrome

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 199-209页

作者： Loveness Makoni Idah t.Manduna Alaisa L.Mbiriri Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Environmental Health SciencesCentral University of TechnologyFree State20 President Brand StreetPrivate bag X20539Bloemfontein 9300South Africa Centre for Applied Food Sustainability and Biotechnology(CAFSaB) Faculty of Health and Environmental Health SciencesCentral University of TechnologyFree State20 President Brand StreetPrivate bag X20539Bloemfontein 9300South Africa Adventist Development and relief Agency(ADrA) 5 Cecil RoadGreendaleHarare 0000Zimbabwe

Whole-person care and holistic care approach has been proposed for complementary and integrative health care for type 2 diabetes ***,some doubts still exist on the feasibility of replicating processes followed in clinical trials and observational studies in real-world *** narrative literature review summarized and assessed existing clinical evidence(clinical trials,observational studies,and case reports)describing holistic and integrated care approach in adult and adolescent individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in clinical *** goal was to highlight existing evidence for implementation and outcomes of whole-medical systems and holistic integrated care approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus.A nonsystematic literature search was performed on Google Scholar,PubMed,Web of Science,ProQuest and ScienceDirect to identify clinical evidence from different parts of the world,evaluating the use of whole-medical systems and/or holistic care interventions in clinical practice for management of type 2 diabetes *** keywords were used in the *** were analyzed using content analysis and simple descriptive statistics(percentages).Most of the studies(64%)were mainly conducted in Eastern countries(India,China and Israel)while 36%of the studies were conducted in the Western countries(USA,Netherlands,Canada and Mexico).Lifestyle medicine and integrated naturopathy were shown to be the commonly used whole-medical systems for type 2 diabetes mellitus *** improvements in type 2 diabetes parameters,medication use,other symptoms,and overall feeling of wellness were observed in all *** review study revealed limited utilization and/or documentation of whole-medical systems or holistic care treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus in regions of the world other than eastern *** medicine,naturopathy,yoga,Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine were shown to be effective for type 2 diabetes mellitu

关键词： Complementary and alternative medicine Holistic care Integrative medicine type 2 diabetes mellitus team-based intervention

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Enhanced and asymmetric signatures of hybridization at climatic margins: Evidence from closely related dioecious fig species

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 181-193页

作者： Jian-Feng Huang Clive t.Darwell Yan-Qiong Peng CAS Key Laboratory of tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOtEC) 113 Thailand Science ParkPhahonyothin RoadKhlong NuengKhlong LuangPathum Thani 12120Thailand

Hybridization plays a significant role in biological evolution. However, it is not clear whether ecological contingency differentially influences likelihood of hybridization, particularly at ecological margins where parental species may exhibit reduced fitnesses. Moreover, it is unknown whether future ecosystem change will increase the prevalence of hybridization. Ficus heterostyla and F. squamosa are closely related species co-distributed from southern thailand to southwest China where hybridization, yielding viable seeds, has been documented. As a robust test of ecological factors driving hybridization, we investigated spatial hybridization signatures based on nuclear microsatellites from extensive population sampling across a widespread contact range. Both species showed high population differentiation and strong patterns of isolation by distance. Admixture estimates exposed asymmetric interspecific gene *** of hybridization increase significantly towards higher latitude zones, peaking at the northern climatic margins. Geographic variation in reproductive phenology combined with ecologically challenging marginal habitats may promote this phenomenon. Our work is a first systematic evaluation of such patterns in a comprehensive, latitudinally-based clinal context, and indicates that tendency to hybridize appears strongly influenced by environmental conditions. Moreover, that future climate change scenarios will likely alter and possibly augment cases of hybridization at ecosystem scales.

关键词： Hybridization Heterospecific visitation Fig Pollinator wasp Asymmetric gene flow

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