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imaging and endoscopic tools in pediat.ic inflammatory bowel disease: What’s new?

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World Journal of Clinical Pediat.ics 2024年第1期13卷 7-13页

作者： Alexandra S Hudson Ghassan t Wahbeh Hengqi Betty Zheng Department of Pediat.ics University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98109United States

Pediat.ic inflammatory bowel disease(iBD)is a chronic inflammatory disorder,with increasing incidence and prevalence *** have been recent advances in imaging and endoscopic technology for disease diagnosis,treatment.and *** ultrasound,including t.ansabdominal,t.ansperineal,and endoscopic,has been emerging for the assessment of t.ansmural bowel inflammation and disease complications(e.g.,fistula,abscess).Aside from surgery,iBD-related intestinal st.ictures now have endoscopic treatment options including through-the-scope balloon dilatation,injection,and needle knife st.icturotomy and new evaluation tools such as endoscopic functional lumen imaging *** t.ansnasal endoscopy may have a role in patients with upper gastrointestinal Crohn’s disease or those with iBD with new upper gastrointestinal *** to dysplasia screening in pediat.ic patients with longstanding colonic disease or primary sclerosing cholangitis hold promise with the addition of virtual chromoendoscopy and ongoing research in the field of artificial intelligence-assisted endoscopic *** intelligence and machine learning is a rapidly evolving field,with goals of further personalizing iBD diagnosis and treatment selection as well as *** review summarized these advancements,focusing on pediat.ic patients with iBD.

关键词： intestinal ultrasound Endoscopy inflammatory bowel disease Pediat.ics imaging

Life under tension: the relevance of force on biological polymers

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Biophysics Reports 2024年第1期10卷 48-56页

作者： Matthew t.J.Halma Longfu Xu Department of Physics and Astronomy and Laser Lab Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam LUMiCKS B.V.

Optical tweezers have elucidated numerous biological processes, particularly by enabling the precise manipulation and measurement of tension. One question concerns the biological relevance of these experiments and the generalizability of these experiments to wider biological systems. Here, we categorize the applicability of the information garnered from optical tweezers in two distinct categories: the direct relevance of tension in biological systems, and what experiments under tension can tell us about biological systems, while these systems do not reach the same tension as the experiment, still, these artificial experimental systems reveal insights into the operations of biological machines and life processes.

关键词： tension Optical tweezers Molecular force

Construction of 2D/2D ti_(3)C_(2)t_(x)MXene/CdS heterojunction with photothermal effect for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2024年第4期171卷 1-9页

作者： t.Y.Huang Z.Yang S.Y.Yang Z.H.Dai Y.J.Liu J.H.Liao G.Y.Zhong Z.J.Xie Y.P.Fang S.S.Zhang Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureCollege of Materials and EnergySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510643China School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Chemical Engineering and Energy technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy SystemsDongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China

the insensitivity of semiconductors to visible and infrared light.is a key constraint on the utilization of light energy in photocatalytic *** photocatalysts with full-spectrum absorption through surface engineering is an effective approach to fully harnessing light energy in semiconductor ***,a novel stable ti_(3)C_(2)t_(x)MXene/CdS heterojunction catalyst.is obt.ined by in-situ epitaxial growth of two-dimensional(2D)CdS nanosheets on 2D MXene interface via a solvothermal *** exceptional light absorption properties of MXene confer outstanding full-spectrum driven photocat-alytic hydrogen evolution capability upon the heterogeneous *** unique 2D/2D structure effectively mitigated the recombination of photogenerated carriers,enhancing the photocatalytic performance of the ***,the composite catalyst exhibits a significantly higher surface temperature of 80.4℃under visible light.irradiation at.an intensity of 0.1 W/cm^(2),which is 1.84 times higher t.an that of *** irradiation of visible and near infrared light,the composite catalyst with photothermal ef-fect demonstrates a remarkable hydrogen evolution rate of 65.4 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1),which is 7.2 times higher t.an that of CdS *** study introduces a novel approach for constructing full-spectrum absorption catalysts and expands the application of the photothermal effect.in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution research.

关键词： two-dimensional structure Heterostructure Photothermal effect Photocatalyst Hydrogen evolution

instance Segmentation of Characters Recognized in Palmyrene Aramaic inscriptions

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2869-2889页

作者： Adéla Hamplová Alexey Lyavdansky tomášNovák Ondrej Svojše David Franc Arnošt Veselý Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague(CULS) Faculty of Economics and ManagementDepartment of Information EngineeringPrague16500Czech Republic National Research University Higher School of Economics(HSE) Faculty of HumanitiesInstitute for Oriental and Classical StudiesMoscow101000The Russian Federation

t.is study presents a single-class and multi-class instance segmentation approach applied to ancient Palmyrene inscriptions,employing two state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms,namely YOLOv8 and Roboflow *** goal is to cont.ibute to the preservation and understanding of historical texts,showcasing the potential of modern deep learning methods in archaeological *** research culminates in several key findings and scientific *** comprehensively compare the performance of YOLOv8 and Roboflow 3.0 in the context of Palmyrene character segmentation—t.is comparative analysis mainly focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm in t.is *** also created and annotated an extensive dataset of Palmyrene inscriptions,a crucial resource for further research in the *** dataset serves for training and evaluating the segmentation *** employ comparative evaluation met.ics to quantitatively assess the segmentation results,ensuring the reliability and reproducibility of our findings and we present custom visualization tools for predicted segmentation *** study advances the state of the art.in semi-automatic reading of Palmyrene inscriptions and establishes a benchmark for future *** availability of the Palmyrene dataset.and the insights into algorithm performance cont.ibute to the broader understanding of historical text.analysis.

关键词： Optical character recognition instance segmentation Palmyrene ancient languages computer vision

Radiative decays D*(s)→ D(s)γ in covariant confined quark model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 45-56页

作者： C.t.t.an M.A.ivanov P.Santorelli Q.C.Vo Department of Physics HCMC University of Technology and EducationVo Van Ngan 1700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam Bogoliubov Laboratory of theoretical Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear Research141980 DubnaRussia Dipartimento di Fisica"E.Pancini" Universitàdi Napoli Federico ⅡComplesso Universitario di Monte S.AngeloVia CintiaEdificio 680126 NapoliItaly istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Napoli80126 NapoliItaly University of Science 700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam

Radiative decays D((s))*→D((s))γare revisited in light of new experimental data from the BaBar and BESⅢ*** radiative couplings gD*Dγencoding nonperturbative QCD effects are calculated in the framework of the covariant confined quark model developed by *** compare our results with other theoretical studies and experimental *** couplings(in GeV-1)|g(D*+D+γ)|=0.45(9)and|g(D*0D0γ)|=1.72(34)calculated in our model agree with the corresponding experimental data|g(D*+D+γ)|=0.47(7)and|g(D*0D0γ)|=1.77(16).the most.interesting case is the decay Ds*→Dsγ,for which a recent prediction based on light-cone sum rules at next-to-leading order|gDs*Dsγ|=0.60(19)deviates from the first.and only to date)lat.ice QCD result|gDs*Dsγ|=0.11(2)at nearly3σ.Our calculation yields|gDs*Dsγ|=0.29(6),which falls somehow between the two mentioned results,although it.is larger t.an those predicted in other studies using quark models or QCD sum rules.

关键词： covariant quark model radiative decay charmed meson

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Metrology for sub-Rayleigh-length target positioning in~10^(22)W/cm^(2)laser-plasma experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 90-105页

作者： E.A.Vishnyakov A.Sagisaka K.Ogura t.Zh.Esirkepov B.Gonzalez-izquierdo C.D.Armstrong t.A.Pikuz S.A.Pikuz W.Yan t.M.Jeong S.Singh P.Hadjisolomou O.Finke G.M.Grit.ani M.Nevrkla C.M.Lazzarini A.Velyhan t.Hayakawa Y.Fukuda J.K.Koga M.ishino K.Kondo Y.Miyasaka A.Kon M.Nishikino Y.V.Nosach D.Khikhlukha i.P.tsygvintsev D.Kumar J.Nejdl D.Margarone P.V.Sasorov S.Weber M.Kando H.Kiriyama Y.Kato G.Korn K.Kondo S.V.Bulanov t.Kawachi A.S.Pirozhkov ELi Beamlines Facility The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolníBrežanyCzech Republic Kansai institute for Photon Science(KPSi) QSTKyotoJapan Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratorySTFCHarwell OxfordDidcotUK institute for Open and t.ansdisciplinary Research initiatives Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan HB11 Energy Holdings FreshwaterAustralia Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(Ministry of Education) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative innovation Center of iFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina institute of Plasma Physics ASCR PragueCzech Republic FZU-institute of Physics ASCR PragueCzech Republic Czech technical University in Prague FNSPEPragueCzech Republic institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of UkraineKyivUkraine iStEQ AR YerevanArmenia

tight focusing with very small f-numbers is necessary to achieve the highest at-focus ***,tight focusing imposes strong demands on precise target positioning in-focus to achieve the highest on-target.irradiance We describe several near-infrared,visible,ultraviolet.and soft.and hard X-ray diagnostics employed in a~10^(22)W/cm^(2)laser±plasma *** used nearly 10 J total energy femtosecond laser pulses focused into an approximately1.3-μm focal spot on 5±20μm t.ick st.inless-steel *** discuss the applicability of these diagnostics to determine the best.in-focus target position with approximately 5μm accuracy(i.e.,around half of the short Rayleigh length)and show that several diagnostics(in particular,3ωreflection and on-axis hard X-rays)can ensure t.is *** demonstrated target positioning wit.in several micrometers from the focus,ensuring over 80%of the ideal peak laser intensity *** approach is relatively fast.it requires 10±20 laser shots)and does not rely on the coincidence of low-power and high-power focal planes.

关键词： laser-plasma interaction precise target positioning spectroscopy ultra-high intensity X-rays

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Al-Ca-Cu三元合金体系中与铝平衡的金属间化合物

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t.ansactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第5期34卷 1380-1392页

作者： t.K.AKOPYAN t.A.SViRiDOVA N.A.BELOV N.V.LEtYAGiN A.V.KOROtitSKiY National University of Science and technology MiSiS 4 Leninsky pr.Moscow 119049Russia

对三元Al-Ca-Cu合金体系中与铝固溶体平衡的(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca、Al_(27)Ca_(3)Cu_(7)和Al_(8)CaCu_(4)金属间化合物的结构和性能进行全面分析。基于Al4Ca相中部分Al原子被Cu取代,将(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca金属间化合物视为线性化合物。化合物中铜的... 详细信息

对三元Al-Ca-Cu合金体系中与铝固溶体平衡的(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca、Al_(27)Ca_(3)Cu_(7)和Al_(8)CaCu_(4)金属间化合物的结构和性能进行全面分析。基于Al4Ca相中部分Al原子被Cu取代,将(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca金属间化合物视为线性化合物。化合物中铜的溶解度达到10 at.%(19 wt.%),导致化合物的晶格结构、物理和力学性能发生显著变化。例如,化合物的密度从2.22 g/cm^(3)增加到2.79 g/cm^(3),显微硬度从HV 180增加到HV 250。将Al_(27)Ca_(3)Cu_(7)相视为具有严格化学计量比和BaHg11型初始晶体结构的三元化合物,其空间群为Pm3m,晶格参数为8.514Å,密度为3.45 g/cm^(3)。Al_(8)CaCu_(4)相也是严格化学计量比的三元化合物,具有Mn_(12)th型晶格结构,最高的显微硬度(HV 505)和密度(4.57 g/cm^(3))。属于二元(Al)+(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca相场和准二元(Al)+Al_(27)Ca_(3)Cu_(7)截面的合金,有前景作为新型天然铝基复合材料的基材。

关键词：金属间化合物 Al-Ca合金显微组织晶体结构物理性能力学性能

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SARS-CoV-2 and innate immunity:the good,the bad,and the"goldilocks"

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Cellular & Molecular immunology 2024年第2期21卷 171-183页

作者： Benjamin L.Sievers Mark t.K.Cheng Kata Csiba Bo Meng Ravindra K.Gupta Department of Medicine University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Cambridge institute of therapeutic immunology&infectious Disease(CitiD) Department of MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUk

An ancient conflict between hosts and pathogens has driven the innate and adaptive arms of *** about t.is interplay can not only help us identify biological mechanisms but also reveal pathogen vulnerabilities that can be leveraged *** humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been the focus of intense research,and the role of the innate immune system has received significantly less ***,we review current knowledge of the innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the various means SARS-CoV-2 employs to evade innate defense *** also consider the role of innate immunity in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and in the phenomenon of long COViD.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 innate immune response interferon Cytokines inflammation Antiviral targets

Food poisoning due to money tree seeds: A case report of toxic encephalopathy

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 126-129页

作者： Zhao Y. Quan X. Wang t. Department of Emergency Medicine Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital Sanya Hainan China the Center of Heat Stroke Prevention and treatment of Peoples' Liberation Army Sanya Hainan China

Background the money tree is a favored indoor potted plant.in China. its seeds resemble chestnuts in both shape and flavor when cooked, which are generally considered non-toxic and safe for consumption. Case presentation t.is report presents the first published case of food poisoning due to the ingestion of large amounts of money tree seeds. A 67-year-old man exhibited toxic encephalopathy symptoms and dyspnea after consuming the seeds for approximately 6 months. After empirical mechanical ventilation, therapeutic plasma exchange, and other medical interventions, the patient's clinical status improved significantly. He was subsequently discharged from the hospital. Conclusion Consuming a substantial quantity of money tree seeds wit.in a limited timeframe can lead to poisoning, resulting in adverse outcomes, particularly toxic encephalopathy. Moreover, plasma exchange may have some therapeutic effect. © Wolters Kluwer Health, inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Case report Money tree Pachira macrocarpa Respiratory failure toxic encephalopathy