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Challenges facing the USA in matching Germany on advanced manufacturing for green growth

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 13-24页

作者： Mikael Skou andersen Aarhus University Dept.of Environmental ScienceKatrinebjergvej 89G8200Aarhus N.Denmark

this study explores the relative strength of public policies promoting advanced manufacturing by comparing the government programs and capacities of two world leaders in science and technology:the USA and *** on insights from’varieties-of-capitalism’literature and using process tracing methodology,this study identifies significant differences in today’s pursuit of advanced *** German model of rhine capitalism has strength due to its long tradition of diversified quality work,built on a long-term commitment to government-industry collaboration,with significant indirect public support provided by vocational training and research *** American model of Manchester capitalism has been challenged by the loss of millions of low-skilled manufacturing jobs due to outsourcing and competition from *** study finds that the“Manufacturing USA”policy initiative of the Obama era,although directly inspired by Germany’s Fraunhofer institutes,is hampered by the contextual and institutional circumstances *** biobased carbon fibers offering the potential of a novel,low-cost material,pursued with research and development(r&D)efforts in both countries,it provides a measure for evaluating policy outcomes,and the study confirms Germany’s technological *** addition,the study’s process-tracing methodology reveals that significant legacies from German knowledge creation in the past have spilled over to American science and technology,and may continue to do so,lured by government *** studies on advanced manufacturing should test the robustness of these findings.

关键词： research policy Industry 4.0 Bioeconomy Low-carbon innovation Varieties of capitalism Process tracing

the State of OPV–A Meta Analysis

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The State of OPV–A Meta Analysis

Suspect and non-targeted screening of chemical pollutants in Botswana's aquatic environments

中国化学会第29届学术年会

作者： Mikkel Jφrgensen J.E.Carlé r.r.Sφndergaard M.Lauritzen N.A.Dagns-Hansen S.L.Byskov t.r.andersen t.t.Larsen-Olsen A.P.L.Bttiger B.Andreasen L.Fu L.Zuo Y.Liu E.Bundgaard X.Zhan H.Chen F.C.Krebs Department of Energy Conversion and Storage Technical University of Denmark State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

A search in the thomson reuters Web of Knowledge in January 2012,with the terms"organic solar cells/organic photovoltaics"was used to compile a list of 8962 papers written by 15374 individual authors（excluding reviews and conference proceedings）.Solar cell data and bibliographic information was extracted from each of these papers（26 data fields）to create an overview of all OPV data reported to that date.1 the rate of publications shows a rapid exponential increase over a little more than a decade underlining the massive interest in this field of *** of the interesting findings is that there seems to be a universal correlation between the maximum power conversion efficiency（PCEMAX）and the short circuit current（JSC）which holds for all types of PV technologies（except for a few GaAs type cells）.

关键词： Polymer Solar Cells Statistical analysis

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 363-373页

作者： Kgato P.Selwe Charlotte r.Head Gothatamang N.Phokedi Jens E.t.andersen J.Brett Sallach Caroline E.H.Dessent Department of Chemistry University of YorkHeslingtonYorkUnited Kingdom Department of Environment and Geography University of YorkHeslingtonYorkUnited Kingdom Department of Biology University of YorkHeslingtonYorkUnited Kingdom Department of Chemical and Forensic Sciences Botswana International University of Science and TechnologyBotswana

Chemical pollution in the aquatic systems of Botswana has been sparsely studied despite its potential ecological ***,we perform a study of water samples collected from 13 locations distributed across Botswana to obtain the first overview of the nature and distribution of chemical contaminants across the country's aquatic *** resolution mass spectrometry was applied using nontargeted and suspect screening methods to qualitatively analyse samples.A total of 114 contaminants of emerging concern(CECs)were identified including 68(59.6%)pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical metabolites;16(14.2%)pesticides;13(11.4%)psychoactive compounds and metabolites;11(9.7%)industrial chemicals and intermediates and lastly,5(4.4%)personal care ***,3,4-dimethylmethcathinone,and diazolidinyl urea represented the most commonly detected pharmaceutical,psychoactive drug and personal care product,*** pesticide dodemorph and three industrial chemicals(stearamide,pthalic acid and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate)were detected in all samples obtained.90 CECs were detected in receiving water(from 7 sample locations),75 in wastewater(from 3 sample locations)and 60 in surface water(from 9 sample locations).Of the compounds detected,only 8 had been identified in environmental samples acquired in Botswana *** discuss the variations in the nature and frequency of chemical pollutants detected in this work in a geographical *** results indicate that Botswana's aquatic systems are subject to pollution,despite wastewater treatment and that in order to mitigate potentially harmful effects on both human and aquatic ecosystems,more investigations are required to correctly identify,track and tackle the sources of pollution.

关键词： Emerging contaminants Chemical pollution Water analysis Pharmaceuticals LC-HrMS/MS

Investigation of Hexavalent Chromium reduction in Strong Saline and Acidic Nitro-Phosphate Solutions

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Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation 2024年第1期14卷 1-13页

作者： Deniz Avsar Niels Højmark andersen Dag Øistein Eriksen Jon Petter Omtvedt Department of Chemistry University of Oslo Oslo Norway

Phosphorus fertilizers from less pure sedimentary sources become increasingly important, due to depletion of phosphorus from igneous rock of high quality. Consequently, robust methods with potential to remove various types of hazardous elements are required. Among such impurities, hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is very likely to become a future challenge. Different industrial ways to treat phosphate rock are currently being practised, and we have here studied how chromium behaves when using the nitro-phosphate process. the reduction mechanism of Cr (VI) in nitric acid and phosphoric acid solutions was investigated by measuring redox potential and UV-VIS spectra. the results show that Cr (VI) is not stable in strong nitric acid solutions. reduction of Cr (VI) species decreased with decreasing temperature, NO2 concentration, ionic strength and absence of light. these findings support the proposed reduction reaction:the reduction rate was observed proportional to the nitric acid decomposition: .

关键词： Nitro-Phosphate Fertilizers Chromium (VI) reduction Chromium Speciation Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy

rethinking neurodegenerative diseases:neurometabolic concept linking lipid oxidation to diseases in the central nervous system

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第7期19卷 1437-1445页

作者： Steinunn Sara Helgudóttir Anne Skøttrup Mørkholt Jacek Lichota Preben Bruun-Nyzell Mads Christian andersen Nanna Marie Juhl Kristensen Amanda Krøger Johansen Mikela reinholdt Zinn Hulda Maria Jensdóttir John Dirk Vestergaard Nieland 2N Pharma ApS NOVI Science ParkAalborgDenmark Molecular Pharmacology Group Department of Health Science and TechnologyAalborg UniversityAalborgDenmark

Currently,there is a lack of effective medicines capable of halting or reve rsing the progression of neurodegenerative disorde rs,including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,Parkinson s disease,multiple sclerosis,or Alzheimer s *** the unmet medical need,it is necessary to reevaluate the existing para digms of how to to rget these *** considering neurodegenerative diseases from a systemic neurometabolic perspective,it becomes possible to explain the shared pathological *** innovative approach presented in this paper draws upon exte nsive research conducted by the authors and researchers *** this review,we highlight the importance of metabolic mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of neurodegenerative *** provide an overview of the risk factors associated with developing neurodegenerative disorders,including genetic,epigenetic,and environmental fa ***,we examine pathological mechanisms implicated in these diseases such as oxidative stress,accumulation of misfolded proteins,inflammation,demyelination,death of neurons,insulin resistance,dysbiosis,and neurotransmitter ***,we outline a proposal for the restoration of mitochondrial metabolism,a crucial aspect that may hold the key to facilitating curative therapeutic interventions for neurodegenerative disorders in forthcoming advancements.

关键词： brain disease carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 epigenetics metabolism gut microbiome mitochondrial dysfunction neurodegeneration oxidative stress

Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (imEVs) Improve Cold Preservation of Isolated Mitochondria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第1期12卷 52-63页

作者： Xianpeng Jiang Sergey rodin Ken Braesch-andersen Catherine C. Baucom Karl-Henrik Grinnemo Brent Segal Elliott Mitochondrial Center Sallie Astor Burdine Breast Foundation Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Mitosense Inc. Boston Massachusetts USA Department of Surgical Sciences Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Cardio-Thoracic Translational Medicine (CTTM) Laboratory Uppsala University Uppsala University Hospital Uppsala Sweden

Mitochondrial organelle transplantation (MOt) is an innovative strategy for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction such as cardiac ischemic reperfusion injuries, Parkinson’s diseases, brain and spinal cord injuries, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, one of the major challenges for widespread usage is a methodology for preservation of isolated mitochondria. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are phospholipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles released from cells. EVs carry a cargo of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, metabolites, and even organelles such as mitochondria. Purpose: to test if EVs enhance the stability of isolated mitochondria. Methods: We mixed isolated mitochondria of fibroblasts with EVs of mesenchymal stromal cells (imEVs) (9:1 in volume) and stored the mixture at 2°C - 6°C for different time periods. We measured morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondrial AtP content at 0, 2, 5 days. Key findings: After 2 days of storage, the mito-chondria without imEVs lost approximate 70% MMP (rFU: 1822 ± 68), compared to the fresh mitochondria (rFU: 5458 ± 52) (p 0.05). In agreement with MMP, mitochondria without imEVs lost significant mitochondrial AtP content (p 0.05), after 2 days of cold storage, compared to fresh mitochondria. Microscopy showed that imEVs promoted aggregation of isolated mitochondria. Summary: the preliminary data showed that imEVs enhanced the stability of isolated mitochondria in cold storage.

关键词： Mitochondria Extracellular Vesicles Mitochondrial Preservation MOt imEVs

Dehydration Melting and Proterozoic Granite Petrogenesis in a Collisional Orogen——A Case from the Svecofennian of Southern Finland

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第6期32卷 1289-1299页

作者： tom andersen O.tapani rämö Department of Geosciences University of OsloN-0316OsloNorway Department of Geosciences and Geography Geology and Geophysics Research ProgramUniversity of Helsinki00014HelsinkiFinland

Dehydration melting of metasupracrustal rocks at mid-to deep-crustal levels can generate water undersaturated granitic *** this study,we evaluate the potential of~1.89–1.88 Ga metasupracrustal rocks of the Precambrian of southern Finland as source rocks for the 1.86–1.79 Ga late-orogenic leucogranites in the region,using the rhyolite-MELtS *** close in composition to leucogranite is produced over a range of realistic pressures(5 to 8 kbar)and temperatures(800 to 850℃),at 20%–30%of partial melting,allowing separation of melt from unmelted *** solid residue is a dry,enderbitic to charnoenderbitic ganulite depleted in incompatible components,and will only yield further melt above 1000–1050℃,when rapidly increasing fractions of increasingly calcic(granodioritic to tonalitic)melts are *** solid residue after melt extraction is incapable of producing syenogranitic magmas similar to the Mid-Proterozoic,A-type rapakivi granites on further *** granitic fraction of the syenogranitic rapakivi complexes must thus have been formed by a different chain of processes,involving mantle-derived mafic melts and melts from crustal rock types not conditioned by the preceding late-orogenic Svecofennian anatexis.

关键词： leucogranite rapakivi granite anatexis restite depleted granulite Finland

First steps in reconstructing Early Jurassic sea water temperatures in the Andean Basin of northern Chile based on stable isotope analyses of oyster and brachiopod shells

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2020年第1期9卷 71-87页

作者： Matthias Alberti Franz t.Fürsich Nils andersen Institut für Geowissenschaften Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu KielLudewig-Meyn-Straβe 1024118 KielGermany GeoZentrum Nordbayern Fachgruppe PalaoUmweltFriedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NürnbergLoewenichstraβe 2891054 ErlangenGermany Leibniz Laboratory for radiometric Dating and Stable Isotope research Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu KielMax-Eyth-Straβe 1124118 KielGermany

the stable isotope(δ13 C,δ18 O)composition of a collection of Lower Jurassic brachiopods and oysters from the Andean Basin of northern Chile was *** results allow the first reconstruction of absolute water temperatures for several ammonite zones in the Lower Jurassic of South *** temperature record starts with comparatively high values in the Late Sinemurian(average:27.0℃;raricostatum Zone).Just before the Sinemurian–Pliensbachian transition,temperatures dropped to an average of 24.3℃.the lowest temperature value in the dataset was recorded for a brachiopod shell of the latest Pliensbachian Spinatum Zone(19.6℃).No data are available for the Early toarcian,but results for the late toarcian show again comparatively warm conditions(average:24.4℃;thouarsense–Levesquei zones).Even though more material and analyses are necessary to corroborate the recorded temperatures,the present dataset seems to indicate the global nature of the Late Pliensbachian Cooling *** contrast,the global warming during the toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event has not been recorded due to a lack of Early toarcian ***δ13 C record of brachiopods and oysters documents a gradual increase in values representing background *** shells were used for high-resolution stable isotope analyses and show seasonal temperature fluctuations over a period of around 3 years in the life time of the *** explained only by temperatures,theδ18 O values point to a minimum estimate for the seasonality in the late toarcian of slightly more than 3℃.

关键词： Early Jurassic Chile Stable isotopes Palaeoclimate Water temperatures Seasonality

Innovative Compensation Methods for Large Voltage Drop Effects in Very Long HVDC transmission Systems

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2021年第1期7卷 1-8页

作者： Mojtaba Mohaddes ting An Jingjing Lu Narinder Dhaliwal Marcio Szechtman Bjarne r.andersen transGrid Solutions.Winnipeg Canada Global Energy Interconnection research Institute SGCC.Beijing 102209China Electrobras Rio de JaneiroBrazil Anderson Power Electronic Solutions Ltd Bexhill on SeaUK

this paper discusses the impacts of large voltage drops on very long HVDC transmission lines,especially when operating in a monopolar *** effect of using dedicated metallic return(DMr)conductors is *** main focus is on the potential rise at the neutral point of the converters and the need for an increased range for the converter transformer tap *** grounding schemes for multiterminals transnational HVDC systems are presented:single point low impedance grounding and high impedance multi-point *** advantages of the high impedance scheme are *** innovative compensation method for voltage drop effects using a series HVDC converter is presented along with simulation *** novel series converter can address both issues of neutral voltage rise and the impractical tap changer *** put the ideas into the perspective,a realistic example of a transnational HVDC connecting China,central Asia,russia and West Europe is presented.

关键词： DC grid grounding HVDC series compensation transnational HVDC