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Recent development in upconversion nanoparticles and their application in optogenetics:A review

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第6期40卷 847-861,I0001页

作者： Madhumita Patel Maninder Meenu Jitender kumar Pandey Pawan kumar Rajkumar Patel Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans UniversitySeodaemun-guSeoul120-750South Korea College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China School of Basic and Applied Sciences Adamas UniversityKolkata700126India Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Centreénergie Materiaux télecommunications(INRS-EMt) VarennesQCCanada Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Oklahoma101 Stephenson ParkwayNormanOK73019United States Energy&Environmental Science and Engineering(EESE) Integrated Science and Engineering Division(ISED)Underwood International CollegeYonsei University85 Songdogwahak-roYeonsu-guIncheon21983South Korea

Ion channels present in the plasma membrane are responsible for integration and propagation of electric signals,which transmit information in nerve *** of these ion channels leads to many neurological ***,optogenetic technology has gained a lot of attention for the manipulation of neuronal *** is a neuromodulation approach that has been developed to control neuronal functions and activities using *** lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)absorb low energy photons in near-infrared(NIR) window and emit high energy photons in the visible spectrum region via nonlinear *** the last few decades,UCNPs have gained great attention in various bio-medical applications such as bio-imaging,drug delivery and *** near-infrared illumination is considered more suitable for optogenetics application,due to its lower degree of light attenuation and higher tissue penetration compared to visible ***,UCNPs have been considered as the new promising candidates for optogenetics *** nanoparticlemediated optogenetic systems provide a great opportunity to manipulate the ion channel in deep ***,we summarize the upconversion photoluminescence in lanthanide doped nanomaterials and its mechanisms and several approaches adopted to tune emission color or enhance upconversion *** advances of lanthanide-doped UCNPs design strategy and their mechanism are ***,we discuss the neural circuitry modulation using upconversion nanoparticles mediated ***,the future perspectives towards optogenetics are also included.

关键词： Lanthanide Upconversion Optogenetics Nanoparticles Neuronal modulation Rare earths

Growth of ZnSe∶Mn Nanocrystals from Vapour Phase

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第z1期24卷 111-114页

作者： O Senthil kumar K Balkis Ameen S Soundeswaran t Rajasekharan R Dhanasekaran Crystal Growth Centre Anna University Chennai-600 025 India Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory Hyderabad-500 058 India Crystal Growth Centre Anna University Chennai-600 025 India Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory Hyderabad-500 058 India Crystal Growth Centre Anna University Chennai-600 025 India

ZnSe∶Mn nanocrystals were grown by chemical vapour transport method using the matrix of SiO2 aerogels. the cubic structure of the nanocrystals was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron diffraction (ED) studies. the size of the crystals was observed using transmission electron microscope (tEM). the oxidation state of Mn in ZnSe nanocrystal was found using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrum. the room temperature luminescence measurements show the peaks corresponding to both bandgap of the material and Mn in ZnSe.

关键词： Ⅱ-Ⅵ semiconductors nanocrystalline materials electron spin resonance

Recent progress and perspective on batteries made from nuclear waste

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Nuclear Science and techniques 2023年第3期34卷 1-8页

作者： Nirmal kumar Katiyar Saurav Goel School of Engineering London South Bank UniversityLondonSE10 AAUK University of Petroleum and Energy Studies Dehradun248007India

Sustainable energy sources are an immediate need to cope with the imminent issue of climate change the world is facing *** particular,the long-lasting miniatured power sources that can supply energy continually to power handheld gadgets,sensors,electronic devices,unmanned airborne vehicles in space and extreme mining are some of the examples where this is an acute *** is known from basic physics that radioactive materials decay over few years and some nuclear materials have their half-life until thousands of *** past five decades of research have been spent harnessing the decay energy of the radioactive materials to develop batteries that can last until the radioactive reaction ***,an emergent opportunity of industrial symbiosis to make use of nuclear waste by using radioactive waste as raw material to develop bat-teries with long shelf life presents a great opportunity for sustainable energy resource ***,the current canon of research on this topic is *** perspective draws fresh discussions on the topic while highlighting future directions in this wealthy arena of *** abstract A long-lasting miniaturised nuclear battery utilising 14C radioactive isotope as fuel.

关键词： Sustainable energy Nuclear waste battery Nano-diamond

Influence of process parameters on physical dimensions of AA6063 aluminium alloy coating on mild steel in friction surfacing

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2015年第3期11卷 275-281页

作者： B.VIJAYA kumar G.MADHUSUDHAN REDDY t.MOHANDAS Department of Mechanical Engineering Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Nalla Malla Reddy Engineering College

An attempt is made in the present study to obtain the relationships among process parameters and physical dimensions of AA6063 aluminium alloy coating on IS2062 mild steel obtained through friction surfacing and their impact on strength and ductility of the coating. Factorial experimental design technique was used to investigate and select the parameter combination to achieve a coating with adequate strength and ductility. Spindle speed, axial force and table traverse speed were observed to be the most significant factors on physical dimensions. It was observed that the thickness of the coating decreased as the coating width increased. In addition, the width and thickness of the coatings are higher at low and high torques. At intermediate torque values, when the force is high, the width of the coating is high, and its thickness is thin; and when the force is low, the width and thickness are low. the interaction effect between axial force(F)-table traverse speed(Vx) and spindle speed(N)-table traverse speed(Vx) produced an increasing effect on coating width and thickness, but other interactions exhibited decreasing influence. It has also been observed that sound coatings could be obtained in a narrow set of parameter range as the substrate-coating materials are metallurgically incompatible and have a propensity to form brittle intermetallics.

关键词：合金涂层摩擦表面尺寸物理工艺参数碳钢涂层厚度试验设计技术

Flow past a bluff body subjected to lower subcritical Reynolds number

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2020年第2期5卷 173-179页

作者： Pankaj kumar Santosh kumar Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur 603203India

the paper aimed to study the flow structure at the wake of the bluff body with altered blockage ratio(BR)keeping the fixed aspect ratio(AR).the study was conducted by a finite volume technique using commercial software *** CFD analysis of the bluff body is mainly subjected to the lower subcritical Reynolds number range(5000 to 15,000)along with blockage ratio as an important *** flow parameters such as drag coefficient,pressure,and kinetic energy variations are analyzed here for the Reynolds number(Re)and *** was observed that at fixed Re,t he drag coefficient(C_(D))increases with an increase in the BR while decrease with increasing Re for a fixed value of BR.

关键词： Blockage ratio Bluff body Drag coefficient Reynolds number

Soy Protein Isolate Film by Incorporating Mandelic Acid as Well as through Fermentation Mediated by Bacillus Subtilis

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第2期7卷 103-115页

作者： Rakesh kumar Priya Rani K.Dinesh kumar Department of Biotechnology Central University of South BiharGaya-824236India Department of Materials Science&Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyPatna 801106India

Soy protein isolate(SPI)biopolymeric films were prepared by adding different contents of mandelic acid(1 to 5%wrt SPI)to glycerol plasticized SPI by solution casting ***,SPI was fermented by Bacillus subtilis to get fermented SPI films by solution *** mass determination of mandelic acid incorporated and fermented SPI films was carried out by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).Mandelic acid incorporated and fermented SPI films were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(Ft-IR),dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA),tensile strength,water uptake and optical transmittance *** indicated that incorporation of mandelic acid in SPI resulted in high tensile strength(8.03 MPa)and highα-relaxation(tα)as well as low water *** the other hand,films cannot be prepared from fermented SPI with SPI contents of 8%and 12%.However,film from fermented SPI with 16%SPI content could be prepared but it exhibited low tensile strength(3.18 MPa)and low tαas well as high water *** resulting mandelic acid incorporated SPI films were also subjected to antimicrobial *** all the concentration of mandelic acid,we can easily observe the antimicrobial effect in mandelic acid incorporated SPI films unlike fermented SPI *** work will be helpful in fabricating antimicrobial SPI film from renewable resources.

关键词： Soy protein isolate mandelic acid fermentation film tensile properties antimicrobial properties

Propagation of plane waves at the imperfect boundary of elastic and electro-microstretch generalized thermoelastic solids

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2009年第11期30卷 1445-1454页

作者： Rajneesh kumar Rupender Department of Mathematics Kurukshetra University

the problem of reflection and transmission of plane waves incident on the contact surface of an elastic solid and an electro-microstretch generalized thermoelastic solid is discussed. It is found that there exist five reflected waves, i.e., longitudinal displacement （LD） wave, thermal （t） wave, longitudinal microstretch （LM） wave and two coupled transverse displacement and microrotational （CD（I） and CD（II）） waves in the electro-microstretch generalized thermoelastic solid, and two transmitted waves, i.e., longitudinal （P） and transverse （SV） waves in the elastic solid. the amplitude ratios of different reflected and transmitted waves are obtained for an imperfect boundary and deduced for normal force stiffness, transverse force stiffness, and perfect bonding. the variations of amplitude ratios with incidence angles have been depicted graphically for the LD wave and the CD（I） wave. It is noticed that the amplitude ratios of reflected and transmitted waves are affected by the stiffness, electric field, stretch, and thermal properties of the media. Some particular interest cases have been deduced from the present investigations.

关键词： amplitude ratios electro-microstretch thermoelastic solid normal forcestiffness transverse force stiffness welded contact

Impacts of soil fertility management on productivity and economics of rice and fodder intercropping systems under rainfed conditions in Odisha,India

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第12期20卷 3114-3126页

作者： Dilip kumar BAStIA Subrat kumar BEHERA Manas Ranjan PANDA All India Coordinated Research Project for Dryland Agriculture Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology(OUAT)Phulbani 762001India

Under small and marginal farm conditions,allocation of land exclusively for forages is not ***,integration of forages in existing crop geometry can ensure production of grain and fodder,simultaneously under rainfed *** experiment was conducted to study the effect of different nutrient management practices on rice and fodder intercropping systems under rainfed conditions during *** intercropping system comprised(i)sole rice(R),(ii)rice and cowpea(5:2)(CP)and(iii)rice and ricebean(5:2)(RB)whereas the different nutrient management practices comprised(i)application of farm yard manure(FYM)at 5t ha^(-1)(farmers'practice)(N_(1)),(ii)application of inorganic fertilizer(recommended dose of fertilizer(RDF)of rice,60:30:30 kg ha^(-1) of N:P_(2)O_(5):K_(2)O)(N_(2))and(iii)application of both FYM at 5t ha^(-1) and 50%of RDF inorganic fertilizer(N3).the results of the experiment revealed that the growth attribute such as leaf area was influenced significantly when fodder crops were taken as intercrops because rice plant was getting more nitrogen from soil due to nitrogen fixation of leguminous fodder *** the nutrient management practices,significant differences in leaf area were found beween N2 and and between N_(3)and N_(1)***,regarding total number of effective tillers,significant differences were found neither between nutrient management practices nor between cropping *** rice equivalent yield(REY)based on price(REY_(P))was found to be significantly lower in CP(2615 kg ha^(-1);-6.4%)and RB intercropping systems(2571 kg ha^(-1);-8.0%)than in R monocropping system(2794 kg ha^(-1)).However,the REY based on energy(REY_(E))of CP(2999 kg ha^(-1);+7.3%)and RB(2960 kg ha^(-1);+5.9%)were found to be significantly higher than that of R(2794 kg ha^(-1))irrespective of nutrient management *** different nutrient management practices,the N3 treatment recorded the highest REY_(P)and REY_(E)which was at par with

关键词： rice-based intercropping system fodder cultivation nutrient management rice and cowpea fodder intercropping system rice and ricebean fodder intercropping system

Status of Indian medicinal plants in the International Union for Conservation of Nature and the future of Ayurvedic drugs: Shouldn’t think about Ayurvedic fundamentals?

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第4期17卷 238-243页

作者： Deepak kumar Semwal Ashutosh Chauhan An kit kumar Sonali Aswal Ruchi Badoni Semwal Abhimanyu kumar Department of Phytochemistry Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Uttarakhand Ayurved University Harrawala Dehradun 248001 India Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Uttarakhand Ayurved University Harrawala Dehradun 248001 India Research and Development Centre Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Uttarakhand Ayurved University Harrawala Dehradun 248001 India Department of Chemistry Pt. Lalit Mohan Sharma Government Postgraduate College Rishikesh Uttarakhand 249201 India Uttarakhand Ayurved University Harrawala Dehradun 248001 India

the present market for herbal drugs is estimated about ?40 billion, which is expected to increase by 16% in next 3-4 years. the current production of many Ayurvedic herbs is less than their market demand, which incentivizes adulteration in the Ayurvedic drug supply chain. the present work aims to highlight the most used Ayurvedic plants that have been listed in the International Union for Conservation of Nature's "red list" of endangered or vulnerable plants. the future of Ayurvedic medicines from these listed plants is uncertain, as the collection of herbs from their natural habitat is prohibited and their cultivation does not meet market demands. Many of these plants, such as taxus baccata and t. wallichiana, are endangered and are only grown in their natural habitats;their cultivation in other areas is impractical. this is the present state, and will worsen as demand continues to grow, with increasing populations and increasing adoption of this system of medicine. It is possible that in coming years most of the Ayurvedic drugs will be adulterated, and will cause only side effects rather than the therapeutic effects. the Ayurvedic fundamentals are under-explored areas where the Ayurvedic practitioners and research scientists can work together. the scientific work on the basic principles will unravel many unknown or little-known facts of this ancient science. Hence, the present review emphasizes the conservation of Ayurvedic herbs, minimization of the use of medicinal plants and the promotion of the research based on Ayurvedic fundamentals.

关键词： Ayurvedic fundamentals Ayurvedic herbs Endangered plants Polyherbal formulations Prakriti