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Evaluation of periglacial landforms and formation of soil properties on the Mount Honaz,SW türkiye

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 3047-3067页

作者： SERİN Soner UNCU Levent DEDE Volkan tÜRKEŞMurat Institute of Social Sciences İstanbul Universityİstanbul 34119Türkiye Department of Geography BilecikŞeyh Edebali UniversityBilecik 11234Türkiye Department of Geography Ardahan UniversityArdahan 75002Türkiye Center for Climate Change and Policy Studies Boğaziçi Universityİstanbul 34342Türkiye

the main aim of this study is to explain periglacial processes on the summits of Mount Honaz(2571 m a.s.l.),define periglacial landforms,and determine the relationships between morphometric features and topographic *** circles,stony earth circles,non sorted steps,and non sorted stripes were identified on the summits of Mount ***'s correlation coefficient(r)and linear regression analyses were performed by taking metric measurements from 125 periglacial landforms to describe their morphometric features(length,width,height)of periglacial landforms and explain the relationships between them and topographic factors(elevation,slope).to explain the relationships between periglacial landforms and soil properties,soil samples from 11 periglacial landforms were taken and *** landforms,which continue to develop on the summits of Mount Honaz today,have been evaluated with present climate *** of soil samples indicates a notable impact of parent material on the genesis of periglacial *** high ratio of organic matter in mud circle and non sorted step landforms and the high lime ratio in stony earth circle landforms prove a strong relationship between the formation mechanisms of landforms and the soil ***,it is consistent with the findings obtained from the analysis that severe periglacial processes and washing and scavenging events are experienced more on the northern slopes.

关键词： Periglacial processes and geomorphology Soil analysis Morphometric analysis Mount Honaz türkiye

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Late Ordovician Mass Extinction: Earth, fire and ice

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 51-65页

作者： David A.t.Harper Palaeoecosystems Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham University

the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction was the earliest of the ‘big’ five extinction events and the earliest to affect the trajectory of metazoan life. two phases have been identified near the start of the Hirnantian period and in the middle. It was a massive taxonomic extinction, a weak phylogenetic extinction and a relatively benign ecological extinction. A rapid cooling, triggering a major ice age that reduced the temperature of surface waters, prompted a drop in sea level of some 100 m and introduced toxic bottom waters onto the shelves. these symptoms of more fundamental planetary processes have been associated with a range of factors with an underlying driver identified as volcanicity. Volcanic eruptions, and other products, may have extended back in time to at least the Sandbian and early Katian, suggesting the extinctions were more protracted and influential than hitherto documented.

关键词： Ordovician LOME paleoecology palaeobiogeography biotas

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Preparation of microparticles and nanoparticles using membrane-assisted dispersion,micromixing,and evaporation processes

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 30-44页

作者： Goran t.Vladisavljevic Chemical Engineering Department Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershire LE113TUUnited Kingdom

Synthetic microporous membranes are increasingly used for energy-efficient and controlled production of micro-and nanoparticles and micro-and nanoemulsions with tuneable morphology and physico-chemical properties through various micromixing,emulsification,and evaporation *** emul-sification processes,the membrane pores are used for dispersed phase injection and size-controlled generation of droplets and droplet-templated *** micromixing processes,membrane is utilised as a micromixer for mixing two miscible liquids,usually solvent and antisolvent-rich solutions,which leads to the creation of supersaturation and subsequent nanoprecipitation or *** mem-brane evaporation processes,membrane is used to prevent phase dispersion while allowing efficient molecular diffusion of solvent and/or antisolvent vapour through gas-filled *** dispersion processes can be operated continuously by decoupling shear stress on the membrane surface from cross flow using tube insets,flow pulsations,swirling flow,membrane oscillations or membrane *** generation and solidification can be performed continuously in a single pass by connecting membrane module with a downstream *** dispersion processes can be used for pro-duction of nanoparticles such as nanovesicles(liposomes,micelles,ethosomes,and niosomes),nanogels,polymeric,lipid and metallic nanoparticles,and *** main advantages of membrane-assisted particle generation are in low energy consumption,controlled geometry and hydrodynamic conditions at the microscale level,flexible throughput due to modular and scalable design of membrane devices,and a wide choice of available microporous membranes with various wall porosities,wetta-bilities,pore sizes,and pore morphologies to suit different applications.

关键词： Nanoparticles Microparticles Nanoemulsions Microemulsions Microporous membrane Crystallisation flash nanoprecipitation Emulsification Zero liquid discharge

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two missense StK11 gene variations impaired LKB1/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1532-1546页

作者： Jin Liu Si-Cong zeng An Wang Hai-Ying Cheng Qian-Jun Zhang Guang-Xiu Lu Hunan Guangxiu Hospital Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410000Hunan ProvinceChina Scientific Research Department Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of Citic-XiangyaChangsha 410000Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS)is a rare hereditary neoplastic disorder mainly associated with serine/threonine kinase 11(StK11/LKB1)gene *** genetic testing can protect a patient’s offspring from mutated genes;however,some variations in this gene have been interpreted as variants of uncertain significance(VUS),which complicate reproductive decision-making in genetic *** to identify the pathogenicity of two missense variants and provide clinical *** Whole exome gene sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed on the peripheral blood of patients with PJS treated at the Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of *** was employed to predict the protein structure,conservation,and pathogenicity of the two missense variation sites in patients with ***,plasmids were constructed and transfected into HeLa cells to observe cell *** differences in signal pathway expression between the variant group and the wild-type group were compared using western blot and *** analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance.Ptatistically *** We identified two missense StK11 gene VUS[c.889A>G(***297Gly)and c.733C>t(***245Phe)]in 9 unrelated PJS families who were seeking reproductive *** two missense VUS were located in the catalytic domain of serine/threonine kinase,which is a key structure of the liver kinase B1(LKB1)*** vitro experiments showed that the phosphorylation levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)at thr172 and LKB1 at Ser428 were significantly higher in transfected variation-type cells than in wild-type *** addition,the two missense StK11 variants promoted the proliferation of HeLa *** immunohistochemical analysis showed that phosphorylated-AMPK(thr172)expression was significantly lower in gastric,colonic,and uterine polyps from PJS patients with misse

关键词： Missense StK11 Peutz-Jeghers syndrome Rare disease Genetic counseling Assisted reproductive technique

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Dynamics of holographic images of scalar-tensor-vector gravity-AdS black holes

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 274-290页

作者： Xin-Yun Hu M.Israr Aslam Rabia Saleem Xiao-Xiong zeng College of Economic and Management Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadLahore-CampusLahore 54000 Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and tunnel Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China Department of Mechanics Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China

Using AdS/Cft correspondence,we analyze the holographic Einstein images via the response function of the complex scalar field as a probe wave on an AdS Schwarzschild scalar-tensor-vector gravity(StVG)black hole(BH).We find that the amplitude of the response function||decreases with increasing values of coupling parameter a and increases with decreasing temperature *** frequencyωof the wave source also plays a significant role in wave periods;as we increase the values ofω,the periods of waves decrease,indicating that the total response function closely depends on the wave ***,we investigate the optical appearance of the holographic images of the BH in *** found that the holographic ring always appears with surrounding concentric stripes when the observer is located at the north pole,and an extremely bright ring appears when the observer is at the position of the photon sphere of the *** ring changes into a luminosity-deformed ring or a bright light spot as the observational angle *** corresponding brightness profiles show that the luminosity of the ring decreases and the shadow radius increases with increasing values of *** relation between temperature t and the inverse of the horizonh_e is discussed;t is small at the beginning of the horizon he and then increases as the horizon radius *** effect can be used to distinguish the StVG BH solution from other BH ***,these significant features are also reflected in the Einstein ring and corresponding brightness *** addition,we compare the results obtained by wave optics and geometric optics,which align well,implying that the holographic scheme adopted in this study is valid.

关键词： scalar-tensor-vector gravity shadows AdS/Cft correspondence

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fight or flee,a vital choice for Clostridioides difficile

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 14-20页

作者： Ji zeng Sshuying fang Jinquan Guo Min Dong Guo-Bao tian Liang tao School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina Department of Brest Surgery Panyu Central Hospital.GuangzhouChina Department of Microbiology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Urology Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Microbiology Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Advanced Medical technology Center The First Affiliated HospitalZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Key Laboratory of tropical Diseases Control(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina School of Medicine Xizang Minzu UniversityXianyangChina Center for Infectious Disease Research Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and BiomedicineWestlake UniversityHangzhouChina Research Center for Industries of the future School of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhouChina

Clostridioides difficile is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections,causing billions of economic losses every *** symptoms range from mild diarrhea to life-threatening damage to the *** and recurrence of *** infection(CDl)are mediated by the metabolically dormant spores,while the virulence of *** is mainly due to the two large clostridial toxins,tcdA and *** toxins or forming spores are two different strategies for *** to cope with harsh environmental *** is of great significance to understand the molecular mechanisms for *** to skew to either of the cellular ***,we summarize the current understanding of the regulation and connections between toxin production and sporulation in *** and further discuss the potential solutions for yet-to-be-answered questions.

关键词： C.difficile sporulation tcdA tcdB toxin production

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Self-sufficient nanoparticles with dual-enzyme activity trigger radical storms and activate cascade-amplified antitumor immunologic responses

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 821-835页

作者： Liping Bai Jin Yang Siting Yu Zhongzheng Xiang Yuanyuan zeng Meiling Shen Xiaorong Kou Qinjie Wu Changyang Gong Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Radiotherapy(Rt) can potentially induce systemic immune responses by initiating immunogenic cell death(ICD) of tumor ***,Rt-induced antitumor immunologic responses are sporadic and insufficient against cancer ***,we construct multifunctional self-sufficient nanoparticles(MARS) with dual-enzyme activity(GOx and peroxidase-like) to trigger radical storms and activate the cascade-amplified systemic immune responses to suppress both local tumors and metastatic *** addition to limiting the Warburg effect to actualize starvation therapy,MARS catalyzes glucose to produce hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),which is then used in the Cu^(+)-mediated fenton-like reaction and Rt *** and chemodynamic therapy produce reactive oxygen species in the form of radical storms,which have a robust ICD impact on mobilizing the immune ***,when MARS is combined with Rt,potent systemic antitumor immunity can be generated by activating antigen-presenting cells,promoting dendritic cells maturation,increasing the infiltration of cytotoxic t lymphocytes,and reprogramming the immuno suppre ssive tumor ***,the synergistic therapy of Rt and MARS effectively suppresses local tumor growth,increases mouse longevity,and results in a 90% reduction in lung metastasis and postoperative ***,we provide a viable approach to treating cancer by inducing radical storms and activating cascade-amplified systemic immunity.

关键词： Dual-enzyme activity Radiotherapy Chemodynamic therapy fenton-likereaction Radical storms Immunogeniccell death tumormicroenvironment Systemicimmunity

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Applying Earth Observation technologies to Economic Consequence Modeling:A Case Study of COVID‑19 in Los Angeles County,California

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 18-31页

作者： fynnwin Prager Marina t.Mendoza Charles K.Huyck Adam Rose Paul Amyx Gregory Yetman Kristy f.tiampo California State University Dominguez HillsCarsonCA 90747USA ImageCat Inc.Long BeachCA 90802USA University of Southern California Los AngelesCA 90015USA CIESIN–Center for International Earth Science Information Network Columbia UniversityPalisadesNY 10964USA Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences(CIRES) University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA

Earth observation(EO) technologies,such as very high-resolution optical satellite data available from Maxar,can enhance economic consequence modeling of disasters by capturing the fine-grained and real-time behavioral responses of businesses and the *** investigated this unique approach to economic consequence modeling to determine whether crowd-sourced interpretations of EO data can be used to illuminate key economic behavioral responses that could be used for computable general equilibrium modeling of supply chain repercussions and resilience *** applied our methodology to the COVID-19 pandemic experience in Los Angeles County,California as a case *** also proposed a dynamic adjustment approach to account for the changing character of EO through longer-term disasters in the economic modeling *** found that despite limitations,EO data can increase sectoral and temporal resolution,which leads to significant differences from other data sources in terms of direct and total impact *** findings from this analytical approach have important implications for economic consequence modeling of disasters,as well as providing useful information to policymakers and emergency managers,whose goal is to reduce disaster costs and to improve economic resilience.

关键词： Computable general equilibrium models COVID-19 Disaster economic impacts Earth observation Economic consequence analysis Los Angeles County

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Design of artificial biomimetic channels with Na^(+)permeation rate and selectivity potentially outperforming the natural sodium channel

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8638-8646页

作者： Zhi Zhu Yan Zhao Chao Chang Shaojian Yan tingyu Sun Shiyu Gu Yangmei Li Dengsong Zhang Chunlei Wang Xiao Cheng zeng School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Innovation Laboratory of terahertz Biophysics National Innovation Institute of Defense TechnologyBeijing 100071China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry College of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Artificial ion channels that enable high-efficiency ion transport have important implications in nanofluidics and biomedical applications such as drug ***,we show a simulation-based chemical design of a biomimetic sodium channel that possesses permeation rate and selectivity potentially higher than those of the state-of-the-art natural vertebrate voltage-gated sodium ***,our theoretical findings have undergone empirical testing,aligning well with the Arrhenius law as derived from a diverse range of experimental *** high-efficiency ion transport is achieved by anchoring the carboxylate functional groups within the channel filter.A key chemical guiding principle underlying the ion channel design is that the free-energy barrier for the Na^(+)passage across the channel should be comparable to typical thermal energy at room *** the implementation of the chemical design,we found that the relatively low free-energy barrier can be attributed to the compensation effect of the carboxylate groups to the partially lost oxygen shell of the ion within the ion channel,as well as to the consonant vibration of the ions inside and outside the *** mechanistic understanding brings new insight,at the molecular level,into the high-efficiency ion transport across the designed membrane *** proof of principle achieved from the simulations will stimulate future experimental confirmation and potential applications of the high-performance artificial channels in nanofluidics and in bioinspired iontronics.

关键词： sodium channels anchoring carboxylate functional groups molecular dynamics simulations low free-energy barrier for ion passage thermal kinetic energy

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Converting“cold”to“hot”:epigenetics strategies to improve immune therapy effect by regulating tumor-associated immune suppressive cells

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Cancer Communications 2024年第6期44卷 601-636页

作者： Yijia tang Guangzu Cui Haicong Liu Ying Han Changjing Cai Ziyang feng Hong Shen Shan zeng Department of Oncology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanP.R.China National Clinical Resaerch Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina

Significant developments in cancer treatment have been made since the advent of immune ***,there are still some patientswithmalignant tumors who do not benefit from *** without immunogenicity are called“cold”tumors which are unresponsive to immunotherapy,and the opposite are“hot”*** suppressive cells(ISCs)refer to cells which can inhibit the immune response such as tumor-associated macrophages(tAMs),myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs),regulatory t(treg)cells and so *** more ISCs infiltrated,the weaker the immunogenicity of the tumor,showing the characteristics of“cold”*** dysfunction of ISCs in the tumor microenvironment(tME)may play essential roles in insensitive therapeutic *** studies have found that epigeneticmechanisms play an important role in the regulation of *** ISCs may be a new approach to transforming“cold”tumors into“hot”***,we focused on the function of ISCs in the tME and discussed how epigenetics is involved in regulating *** addition,we summarized the mechanisms by which the epigenetic drugs convert immunotherapy-insensitive tumors into immunotherapy-sensitive tumors which would be an innovative tendency for future immunotherapy in“cold”tumor.

关键词： DNA methylation epigenetics strategy histone modification immune suppressive cell noncoding RNA

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