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testing the transfer functions for the Geonor t-200B and Chinese standard precipitation gauge in the central Qinghai-tibet Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第7期19卷 1974-1987页

作者： ZHANG le-le GAO Li-ming CHEN Ji ZHAO Lin CHEN Ke-long ZHAO Jing-yi LIU Guo-jun SONG ting-xi LI Yan-kun Key Laboratory of tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation(Ministry of Education) Qinghai Normal UniversityXining810016China Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process College of Geographical ScienceQinghai Normal UniversityXining810016China Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability People’s Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal UniversityXining810016China Beiluhe Observation and Research Station on Frozen Soil Engineering and Environment in Qinghai-tibet Plateau Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China

Accurately measuring precipitation is integral for understanding water cycle processes and assessing climate change in the Qinghai–tibet Plateau(QtP).the Geonor t-200B weighing precipitation gauge with a single Alter shield(Geonor)and the Chinese standard precipitation gauge(CSPG)are widely used for measuring precipitation in the ***,their measurements need to be adjusted for wetting loss,evaporation loss and windinduced *** existing transfer functions for adjusting the Geonor-recorded and three transfer functions for adjusting the CSPG-recorded precipitation at hourly,daily or event scale has been proposed based on the precipitation intercomparison experiments conducted at a single site in different *** latest transfer functions for the Geonor(which are referred to as K2017a and K2017b)at the half-hour time scale based on the precipitation intercomparison experiments at multiple stations in the northern hemisphere were provided in the World Meteorological Organization Solid Precipitation Intercomparison ***,the applicability of these transfer functions in the QtP has not been ***,the current study carried out a precipitation measurement intercomparison experiment between August 2018 and September 2020 at a site in Beiluhe in central *** performance of these transfer functions at this site was also evaluated on the basis of mean bias(MB),root mean squared error(RMSE)and relative total catch(RtC).the results are as follows:First,the unadjusted RtC values of the Geonor for rain,mixed(snow mixed with rain),snow and hail are 92.06%,85.35%,64.11% and 91.82%,respectively,and the unadjusted RtC values of the CSPG for the same precipitation types are 92.59%,81.32%,46.43% and 95.56%,***,K2017a has the most accurate adjustment results for the Geonor-recorded snow and mixed precipitation at the half-hour time scale,and the post-adjustment RtC values increased to 98.25% and 98.23%,respectively.M2007e

关键词： Precipitation observation errors transfer function Geonor t-200B CSPG Qinghai-tibet Plateau

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Sensitivity of wastewater surveillance: What is the minimum COVID-19 cases required in population for SARS-CoV-2 RNA to be detected in wastewater?

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 851-853页

作者： Connie le Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology Department of Radiation Oncologyand Cross Cancer InstituteUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2G3Canada

Wastewater surveillance, also referred to as wastewaterbased surveillance (WBS) and wastewater-based epidemiology(WBE), has become a powerful tool for the monitoring, control, and prevention of infectious diseases, including COVID-19. Wastewater surveillance is a complementary and unbiased approach to evaluate disease burden at a population level(Hrudey et al., 2022;Kitajima et al., 2020;Kumblathan et al.,2021;Polo et al., 2020).

关键词： wastewater Wastewater prevention

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Acute-on-chronic liver failure: Controversies and consensus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第2期29卷 232-240页

作者： Natalie L Y Ngu Eliza Flanagan Sally Bell Suong t le Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Monash HealthClayton 3168VictoriaAustralia Faculty of Medicine Nursingand Health SciencesMonash UniversityClayton 3800VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Alfred HealthMelbourne 3004VictoriaAustralia Monash digital therapeutics and Innovation Laboratory(MotILa) Monash UniversityClayton 3168VictoriaAustralia

Acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)is a poorly defined syndrome characterised by rapid clinical deterioration in patients with chronic liver *** include high short-term morbidity,mortality,and healthcare resource *** encompasses a dysregulated,systemic inflammatory response,which can precipitate extra hepatic organ *** precipitants include infection,alcoholic hepatitis,and reactivation of viral hepatitis although frequently no cause is *** definitions,diagnostic criteria,and treatment guidelines,have been proposed by international hepatology *** can result in delayed or missed diagnoses of ACLF,significant variability in clinical management,and under-estimation of disease *** transplantation may be considered but the mainstay of treatment is organ support,often in the intensive care *** review will provide clarity around where are the controversies and consensus in ACLF including:Epidemiology and resource utilisation,key clinical and diagnostic features,strategies for management,and research gaps.

关键词： Acute-on-chronic liver failure Liver cirrhosis End stage liver disease Epidemiology Mortality

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HⅠ emission from the red giant Y CVn with the VLA and FASt

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第7期17卷 39-46页

作者： Do t.Hoai Pham t.Nhung Lynn D.Matthews Eric Grard thibaut le Bertre Department of Astrophysics Vietnam National Satellite CenterVAST leRMA CNRSObservatoire de Paris/PSLSorbonne Universite's Department of Astrophysics Vietnam National Satellite Center MIt Haystack Observatory GEPI CNRSObservatoire de Paris/PSL

Imaging studies with the Very Large Array（VLA） have revealed H I emission associated with the extended circumstellar shells of red giants. We analyze the spectral map obtained on Y CVn, a J-type carbon star on the Asymptotic Giant Branch. the H I line profiles can be interpreted with a model of a detached shell resulting from the interaction of a stellar outflow with the local interstellar *** reproduce the spectral map by introducing a distortion along a direction corresponding to the star＇s motion in space. We then use this fitting to simulate observations expected from the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio telescope（FASt）, and discuss its potential for improving our description of the outer regions of circumstellar shells.

关键词： stars AGB and post-AGB-- stars carbon - stars individual Y CVn - radio lines stars

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CpG Island Definition and Methylation Mapping of the t2t-YAO Genome

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第2期22卷 69-79页

作者： Ming Xiao Rui Wei Jun Yu Chujie Gao Fengyi Yang le Zhang College of Computer Science Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province School of Life ScienceHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Precisely defining and mapping all cytosine(C)positions and their clusters,known as CpG islands(CGIs),as well as their methylation status,are pivotal for genome-wide epigenetic studies,especially when population-centric reference genomes are ready for timely ***,we first align the two high-quality reference genomes,t2t-YAO and t2t-CHM13,from different ethnic backgrounds in a base-by-base fashion and compute their genome-wide density-defined and position-defined ***,by mapping some representative genome-wide methylation data from selected organs onto the two genomes,we find that there are about 4.7%–5.8%sequence divergency of variable categories depending on quality *** among the divergent sequences are mostly associated with neurological ***,CGIs associated with the divergent sequences are significantly different with respect to CpG density and observed CpG/expected CpG(O/E)ratio between the two ***,we find that the t2t-YAO genome not only has a greater CpG coverage than that of the t2t-CHM13 genome when whole-genome bisulfite sequencing(WGBS)data from the European and American populations are mapped to each reference,but also shows more hyper-methylated CpG sites as compared to the t2t-CHM13 *** study suggests that future genome-wide epigenetic studies of the Chinese populations rely on both acquisition of high-quality methylation data and subsequent precision CGI mapping based on the Chinese t2t reference.

关键词： t2t-YAO Position-defined CpG island Density-defined CpG island DNA methylation Genome analysis

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Combination of tumor-associated regulatory t cell deletion and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: A promising immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma?

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第2期17卷 93-94页

作者： Hua-Yu Yang le-Jia Sun Yi-lei Mao Department of Liver Surgery Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

During the past decades,the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has been limited to surgical resection and liver transplantation,but the prognosis is still ***,tumor immunotherapy,particularly immune checkpoints programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-1/PD-L1)blockade,brings a breakthrough for HCC[1,2].However,anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy is not satisfactory and the response rates were between 20%and 30%[3].How to improve the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1blockade is the main issue.

关键词： HCC PD A promising immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma Combination of tumor-associated regulatory t cell deletion and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade

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Use of non-timber forest products from invasive alien Prosopis species(mesquite) and native trees in South Africa: implications for management

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第3期2卷 197-207页

作者： Ross t Shackleton David C le Maitre Brian W van Wilgen David M Richardson Centre for Invasion Biology Department of Botany and ZoologyStellenbosch University Centre for Invasion Biology Natural Resources and the EnvironmentCSIR

Background: Prosopis species have been introduced to many areas outside their native range to provide benefits to local communities. Several Prosopis species and their hybrids(hereafter "mesquite") have, however, become naturalised and invasive and now generate substantial costs. Management options are limited because of the complex conflicts of interest regarding benefits and costs. Management policies and strategies must take account of such conflicts, but further insights are needed on the dimensions of uses and impacts before such information can be usefully applied. Current policy in South Africa allows for the growth and use of mesquite in one province,but not in others where its control is mandatory. We report on a study to quantify the direct use and perceptions of non-timber forest products(NtFPs) from mesquite and native trees in South ***: Semi-structures household interviews were conducted with various stakeholder groups to identify what tree products are used, to ascertain amounts used as well as to gauge perceptions of natural resource use between different tree species and use over ***: the direct household use value of native trees was higher than that of mesquite, and local stakeholders attached greater value to products from native trees than from mesquite. therefore, native trees are and will still be preferentially harvested, and mesquite is unlikely to offer protection to native species by providing an alternative source of products. Mesquite pods do, however, provide valuable additional resources(fodder and medicinal products). the use of both native trees and mesquite is decreasing as the incomes of poorer households rise and as alternative energy sources become available. the benefits and reliance on mesquite are not as high as previously assumed and the impacts from mesquite invasions create large problems for local ***: this study provides further evidence that the impacts of mesquite exceed the benefi

关键词： Biological invasions Conflicts of interests Cost v

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A possible new family of unconventional high temperature superconductors

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Science Bulletin 2017年第3期62卷 212-217页

作者： Jiangping Hu Congcong le Beijing Notional Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100871 China School of Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sdences Beijing 100049 China

We suggest a new family of Co[Ni-based materials that may host unconventional high temperature superconductivity （high-to）. these materials carry layered square lattices with each layer being formed by vertex-shared transition metal tetrahedra cation-anion complexes. the electronic physics in these materials is determined by the two dimensional layer and is fully attributed to the three near degenerated t2g d-orbitals close to a d7 filling configuration in the d-shell of CoJNi atoms. the electronic structure meets the necessary criteria for unconventional high tc materials proposed recently by us to unify the two known high-tc families, cuprates and iron-based superconductors. We predict that they host superconducting states with a d-wave pairing symmetry with tc potentially higher than those of iron-based superconductors. these materials, if realized, can be a fertile new ground to study strongly correlated electronic Physics and provide decisive evidence for superconducting pairing mechanism.

关键词： Iron-based superconductors Cuprates d-Wave pairing symmetry Cobalt chalcogenides

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Music Genre Classification Using DenseNet and Data Augmentation

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第10期47卷 657-674页

作者： Dao thi le thuy trinh Van Loan Chu Ba thanh Nguyen Hieu cuong Faculty of Information technology University of Transport and CommunicationsHanoi100000Vietnam School of Information and Communication technology Hanoi University of Science and TechnologyHanoi100000Vietnam Faculty of Information technology University of Technology and Education Hung Yen160000Vietnam

It can be said that the automatic classification of musical genres plays a very important role in the current digital technology world in which the creation,distribution,and enjoyment of musical works have undergone huge *** the number ofmusic products increases daily and themusic genres are extremely rich,storing,classifying,and searching these works manually becomes difficult,if not *** classification ofmusical genres will contribute to making this *** research presented in this paper proposes an appropriate deep learning model along with an effective data augmentation method to achieve high classification accuracy for music genre classification using Small Free Music Archive(FMA)data *** Small FMA,it is more efficient to augment the data by generating an echo rather than pitch *** research results show that the DenseNet121 model and data augmentation methods,such as noise addition and echo generation,have a classification accuracy of 98.97%for the Small FMA data set,while this data set lowered the sampling frequency to 16000 *** classification accuracy of this study outperforms that of the majority of the previous results on the same Small FMA data set.

关键词： Music genre classification Small FMA DenseNet CNN GRU data augmentation

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Contrasting physical mechanisms of yellowfin tuna fluctuations between the western and eastern Indian Ocean

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 960-971页

作者： Peng LIAN le GAO Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Forecasting and Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266061China

As an economically critical pelagic migratory species,yellowfin tuna(thunnus albacores,YFt)is very sensible to physical and environmental conditions,such as sea surface temperature(SSt),ocean heat content(OHC),and the mixed layer depth(MLD).We investigated the impact of SSt,OHC,and MLD on fluctuations of YFt catch in the western/eastern Indian Ocean using the long time series of 63-year environmental and YFt *** found that the impact of SSt on YFt was heavily overestimated in the past,and MLD plays a more critical role in the YFt catch *** the MLD deepens(>34.8 m),SSt was more influential in predicting the catches of YFt than OHC in the western Indian Ocean,and OHC was more critical to YFt than SSt in the eastern Indian ***,when the MLD shallows(tal to predict the catch per unit effort(CPUE)of YFt than SSt/OHC in the *** 2000,there was an asynchronous pattern of YFt CPUE induced by higher frequency variations and ocean hiatus of SSt/OHC signals in the western and eastern Indian Oceans *** impact of the subsurface hiatus may induce the decrease of YFt in the eastern Indian *** above findings clarified a non-stationary relationship between the environmental factors and catches of YFt and provided new insights into variations in YFt abundance.

关键词： yellowfin tuna Indian Ocean sea surface temperature(SSt) ocean heat content(OHC) mixed layer depth(MLD) hiatus

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