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Effect. of lengt. and applicat.on rat. of rice st.aw mulch on surface runoff and soil loss under laborat.ry simulat.d rainfall

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Int.rnat.onal Journal of Sediment.Research 2021年第4期36卷 468-478页

作者： Misagh Parhizkar Mahmood Shabanpour Manuel Est.ban Lucas-Borja Demet.io Ant.nio Zema Siyue Li Nobuaki tanaka Art.mio Cerdà Soil Science Depart.ent Faculty of Agricultural Sciences University of Guilan Depart.ent.AGRARIA Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria Research Cent.r for Ecohydrology Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Escuela t.cnica Superior Ingenieros Agrónomos y Mont.s Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha.Campus Universitario Ecohydrology Research Inst.t.t. The University of Tokyo Forests Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Soil Erosion and Degradat.on Research Group Department of Geography University of Valencia

Forest.land affect.d by deforest.t.on yields high soil and wat.r *** management.pract.ces need t. be found t.at.can reduce t.ese losses and achieve ecological and hydrological sust.inabilit. of t.e deforest.d *** has been found t. be effect.ve in reducing soil losses;st.aw mulch is easy t. apply,cont.ibut.s soil organic mat.er,and is efficient.since t.e day of ***,t.e complex effect. of rice st.aw mulch wit. different.applicat.on rat.s and lengt.s on surface runoff and soil loss have not.been clarified in *** current.paper evaluat.s t.e efficiency of rice st.aw mulch in reducing t.e hydrological response of a silt. clay loam soil under high int.nsit. and low frequency rainfall event.(t.p wat.r wit. t.t.l dept. of 49 mm and int.nsit. of 98 mm/h) simulat.d in t.e *** runoff and soil loss at.t.ree lengt.s of t.e st.aw(10,30,and 200 mm) and t.ree applicat.on rat.s(1,2,and 3 Mg/ha) were measured in 50 cm(widt.) × 100 cm(lengt.) × 10 cm(dept.) plot. wit. dist.rbed soil samples(aggregat. soil size t.d in a deforest.d *** soil was used as cont.ol *** volume and erosion were significant.y(at.p t. cont.ol *** reduct.ons were ascribed t. t.e wat.r absorpt.on capacit. of t.e rice st.aw and t.e prot.ct.on cover of t.e mulch *** minimum runoff was observed for a mulch layer of3 Mg/ha of st.aw wit. a lengt. of 200 *** lowest.soil losses were found wit. st.aw lengt. of10 *** models developed predict.runoff and erosion based on simple linear funct.ons of mulch applicat.on rat. and lengt.,and can be used for a suit.ble hydrological management.of *** is concluded t.at.t.anks t. rice st.aw mulch used as an organic soil condit.oner,soil erosion and surface runoff are significant.y(at.p t.e mulch prot.ct.on cont.ibut.s t. reduce t.e risk of soil *** research is,however,needed t. analyze t.e upscaling of

关键词： St.aw mulch Soil erosion Mulch applicat.on rat. Mulch lengt. Rainfall simulat.r

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Effect.of st.nes on t.e sand salt.t.on t.reshold during nat.ral sand and dust.st.rms in a st.ny desert.in t.ogt.Ovoo in t.e Gobi Desert.Mongolia

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第7期13卷 653-673页

作者： Bat.argal BUYANt.Gt.KH Yasunori KUROSAKI At.ushi t.UNEKAWA Mit.uru t.UBO Bat.elger GANt.Et.EG Amarsaikhan DAVAADORJ Masahide ISHIZUKA t.uyoshi t.SEKIYAMA t.ichu Y tanaka t.kashi MAKI Arid Land Research Cent.r Tottori UniversityTottori 680-0001Japan Informat.on and Research Inst.t.t. of Met.orology Hydrology and EnvironmentUlaanbaatar 15160Mongolia Facult. of Engineering and Design Kagawa UniversityTakamatsu 761-0396Japan Met.orological Research Inst.t.t. Japan Meteorological AgencyTsukuba 305-0052Japan

Non-erodible element. such as st.nes and veget.t.on are key t. cont.olling wind erosion and dust.emission in *** desert. are widely dist.ibut.d in t.e Gobi Desert.but.t.e effect.of st.nes on wind erosion and dust.emission have not.been well st.died,except.under art.ficial *** t.is st.dy,we evaluat.d t.e effect.of st.nes on wind erosion and dust.emission by measuring t.e sand salt.t.on t.reshold in a st.ny desert.in t.ogt.Ovoo in t.e Gobi Desert.Mongolia,under nat.ral surface condit.ons during sand and dust.*** quant.fied t.e amount.of st.nes by measuring t.e roughness densit.,and det.rmined t.e t.reshold frict.on velocit. for sand salt.t.on by measuring wind speed and sand salt.t.on *** result. showed t.at.t.e t.reshold frict.on velocit. increased wit. t.e roughness densit. of *** t.e nort.ern part.of t.e st.dy area,where neit.er a surface crust.nor veget.t.on was observed,t.e roughness densit. of st.nes was 0.000 in a t.pographic depression(t.),0.050 on a nort.ern slope(***),and 0.160 on t.e nort.ern mount.in(***).t.e mean t.reshold frict.on velocit. values were 0.23,0.41,and 0.57 m/s at.t.e t.,***,and *** sit.s,*** t.e sout.ern part.of t.e st.dy area,t.e roughness densit. values of st.nes were 0.000 and 0.070-0.320 at.t.e t. and sout.ern slope sit.s,respect.vely,and t.e mean t.reshold frict.on velocit.es were 0.23 and 0.45-0.71 m/s,*** furt.er compared t.e observed t.reshold frict.on velocit.es wit. simulat.d t.reshold frict.on velocit.es using Raupach's t.eoret.cal roughness correct.on and t.e measured roughness densit. values,and found t.at.Raupach's roughness correct.on worked very well in t.e simulat.on of t.reshold frict.on velocit. in t.e st.ny *** means t.at.t.e result. of our st.ne measurement.can be applied t. a numerical dust.model.

关键词： arid region t.reshold frict.on velocit. roughness densit. shear st.ess sand salt.t.on t.reshold roughness correct.on Gobi Desert

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有阀型小孔脉管制冷机的深入研究

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低温工程 1999年第4期 29-32页

作者：邱利民陈国邦 M.tanaka t.Kodama 浙江大学制冷与低温研究所杭州310027 大阪市立大学理学部低温物理研究室

为了克服第三代脉管制冷机存在的制冷温度不稳定的缺陷，本文从提高脉管制冷效率，进一步降低制冷温度的角度，对有阀型小孔脉管制冷机进行了研究。通过理论计算和实验改进，有阀型单级脉管制冷机取得了３４Ｋ的无负荷制冷温度，... 详细信息

为了克服第三代脉管制冷机存在的制冷温度不稳定的缺陷，本文从提高脉管制冷效率，进一步降低制冷温度的角度，对有阀型小孔脉管制冷机进行了研究。通过理论计算和实验改进，有阀型单级脉管制冷机取得了３４Ｋ的无负荷制冷温度，在８０Ｋ获得３０Ｗ以上的制冷功率，其制冷效率达到国外同类商品型有阀脉管制冷机的水平。

关键词：脉管制冷机制冷效率有阀型实验

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脉管制冷机冷端换热器的改进

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低温工程 1999年第2期 5-9页

作者：邱利民陈国邦 M.tanaka t.Hat. 浙江大学制冷与低温研究所杭州310027 大阪市立大学理学部低温物理研究室大阪市立大学学理学部低温物理研究室

为了进一步提高脉管制冷机在液氮温区（７７Ｋ）的制冷量，本文对脉管冷端换热器进行了改进，同时还对脉管冷端气流的平均温度进行了测量。实验结果表明，常规脉管制冷机冷端换热器中的换热面积是不足的，脉管制冷机冷端换热器的传热损... 详细信息

为了进一步提高脉管制冷机在液氮温区（７７Ｋ）的制冷量，本文对脉管冷端换热器进行了改进，同时还对脉管冷端气流的平均温度进行了测量。实验结果表明，常规脉管制冷机冷端换热器中的换热面积是不足的，脉管制冷机冷端换热器的传热损失较大，在设计计算中不应忽视。采用高目数的换热器填料有利于降低脉管冷端壁面与冷端气体之间的温差，从而提高冷端换热器效率，进而提高液氮温区脉管制冷机效率。

关键词：脉管制冷机换热器效率填料传热损失

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Int.ract.on Bet.een Radiat.on Defect. and Hydrogen St.died by Posit.on Annihilat.on Spect.oscopy

Interaction Between Radiation Defects and Hydrogen Studied b...

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作者： H.t.uchida H.tanaka A.It.h t.Yoshiie Q.Xu Quant.m Science and Engineering Cent.r Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Depert.ent.of Nuclear Engineering Kyoto University Research React.r Inst.t.t. Kyoto University

INt.ODUCt.ON:Hydrogen effect.on void nucleat.on is import.nt.subject. in research of nuclear react.r *** is known t. be produced in mat.rials irradiat.d wit. a fast.neut.on via t.e nuclear react.on(n, p).t.e hydrogen is t.apped in radiat.on *** induces significant.mechanical propert. *** present.many st.dies have been carried out.on int.ract.on of hydrogen wit. vacancy ***,hydrogen effect.on t.e init.al st.ge of growt. of vacancy defect.,

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Different.al Expression of t.o Cyt.solic Ascorbat. Peroxidases and t.o Superoxide Dismut.se Genes in Response t. Abiot.c St.ess in Rice

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Rice science 2011年第3期18卷 157-166页

作者： Shiget. MORIt. Shinya NAKAt.NI t.mokazu KOSHIBA t.kehiro MASUMURA Yasunari OGIHARA Kunisuke tanaka Laborat.ry of Genet.c Engineering Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Kyoto Prefectural University Basic Research Division Kyoto Prefectural Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology Depart.ent.of Biological Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University Kihara Inst.t.t. for Biological Research Yokohama City University

Superoxide dismut.se (SOD) and ascorbat. peroxidase (APX) play cent.al roles in t.e pat.way for scavenging react.ve oxygen species in plant., t.ereby cont.ibut.ng t. t.e t.lerance against.abiot.c st.ess. Here we report.t.e responses of cyt.solic SOD (cSOD; sodCc1 and sodCc2) and cyt.solic APX (cAPX; OsAPX1 and OsAPX2) genes t. oxidat.ve and abiot.c st.ess in rice. RNA blot.analyses revealed t.at.met.yl viologen t.eat.ent.caused a more prominent.induct.on of cAPXs compared wit. cSODs, and hydrogen peroxide t.eat.ent.induced t.e expression of cAPXs whereas cSODs were not.affect.d. t.ese result. suggest.t.at.cAPXs play more import.nt.roles in defense against.oxidat.ve st.ess compared wit. cSODs. It.is not.d t.at.cSODs and cAPXs showed coordinat. response t. abscisic acid t.eat.ent.which induced bot. sodCc1 and OsAPX2. However, cSODs and cAPXs responded different.ally t. drought. salt.and chilling st.ess, which indicat.s t.at.cSOD and cAPX genes are expressed different.ally in response t. oxidat.ve and abiot.c st.ess in rice.

关键词： ascorbat. peroxidase superoxide dismut.se react.ve oxygen species abiot.c st.ess rice

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钢的控制轧制

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兵器材料科学与工程 1985年第Z1期 101-116页

作者： t.tanaka 张展文

控制轧制的主要目的是细化晶粒组织,从而提高热轧钢的强韧性。综观控制轧制的发展可以看出它主要由三个阶段组成:①在高温下的再结晶区变形;③在紧靠Ar;以上的低温无再结晶区变形;③在奥氏体-铁素体两相区变形。要强调的是,无再结晶区... 详细信息

控制轧制的主要目的是细化晶粒组织,从而提高热轧钢的强韧性。综观控制轧制的发展可以看出它主要由三个阶段组成:①在高温下的再结晶区变形;③在紧靠Ar;以上的低温无再结晶区变形;③在奥氏体-铁素体两相区变形。要强调的是,无再结晶区变形的重要性在于,奥氏体中产生变形带而把奥氏体晶粒划分为好几部分。在γ-α两相区变形产生一种由转变之后的等轴晶粒和亚晶所组成的混合组织,从而进一步提高强度和韧性。常规的热轧与控制轧制之间的主要差别在于,前者的铁素体只在奥氏体晶界上形核,而后者在晶内及晶界上形核,因而导致晶粒组织更加细小。控轧钢材中形成织构,将引起机械性能沿板面的各向异性和沿板厚度方向上的脆性。后者是造成夏比（冲击）试样出现层状断裂的主要原因。目前控制轧制意味着包括如下全部工艺:①选择适当的化学成分;②正确的钢坯加热温度以获得细小而均匀的γ晶粒;③由于反复地进行变形与再结晶,γ晶粒细化;④在无再结晶区内变形;⑤在γ-α两相区变形和⑥控制冷却速度。本文对控制轧制的基本现状,例如奥氏体的再结晶过程、铌阻止奥氏体再结晶的机理、显微组织伴随着变形所发生的变化以及影响强度和韧性的因素等方面加以综述,而对薄板厂中的控制轧制生产工艺则予以概略的介绍。

关键词：再结晶过程钢中显微组织晶粒组织控轧铁素体两相区金相组织晶体结构固溶体控制轧制等轴晶粒

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Quant.m elect.odynamics experiment. wit. colliding pet.wat. laser pulses

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2019年第1期7卷 74-81页

作者： I. C. E. t.rcu B. Shen D. Neely G. Sarri K. A. tanaka P. McKenna S. P. D. Mangles t.-P. Yu W. Luo X.-L. Zhu Y. Yin St.C Rut.erford Applet.n Laborat.ry Central Laser Facility School of Elect.onic Science and Engineering Nanjing University ELI-NP Ext.eme Light.Infrast.uct.re – Nuclear Physics National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN HH) St.t. Key Laborat.ry of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Science and t.chnology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai Normal Universit. School of Mat.emat.cs and Physics Queen’s University Belfast SUPA Depart.ent.of Physics University of Strathclyde t.e John Adams Inst.t.t. for Accelerat.r Science Imperial College London Depart.ent.of Physics National University of Defense Technology School of Nuclear Science and t.chnology University of South China Key Laborat.ry for Laser Plasmas (MOE) School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University

A new generat.on of high power laser facilit.es will provide laser pulses wit. ext.emely high powers of 10 pet.wat.(PW)and even 100 PW, capable of reaching int.nsit.es of 1023 W/cm^2 in t.e laser focus. t.ese ult.a-high int.nsit.es are nevert.eless lower t.an t.e Schwinger int.nsit. IS= 2.3×1029 W/cm^2 at.which t.e t.eory of quant.m elect.odynamics(QED) predict. t.at.a large part.of t.e energy of t.e laser phot.ns will be t.ansformed t. hard Gamma-ray phot.ns and even t. mat.er, via elect.on–posit.on pair product.on. t. enable t.e invest.gat.on of t.is physics at.t.e int.nsit.es achievable wit. t.e next.generat.on of high power laser facilit.es, an approach involving t.e int.ract.on of t.o colliding PW laser pulses is being adopt.d. t.eoret.cal simulat.ons predict.st.ong QED effect. wit. colliding laser pulses of 10 PW focused t. int.nsit.es 10^(22) W/cm^2.

关键词： colliding pet.wat. laser pulses elect.on-posit.on pairs creat.on nonlinear Breit.Wheeler process pet.wat. laser facilit.es quant.m elect.odynamics

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Mit.chondrial DNA Markers for PCR-Based Phylogenet.c Analysis of Ark Shells

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2013年第4期3卷 182-189页

作者： t.momi tanaka Fut.shi Aranishi Unit.d Graduat. School of Agricult.ral Sciences Tottori University Tottori Japan Coast.l Lagoon Research Cent.r Shimane University Matsue Japan

Arcidae species are commercially import.nt.bivalves in Japan and are commonly referred t. as bloody ark due t. t.eir red blood. t.ey have t.ick shells wit. dist.nct.radiat.ng ribs, and t.e numbers of t.ese ribs are import.nt.morphological feat.res for species discriminat.on. However, some Arcidae species are morphologically indist.nguishable, wit. a similar number of t.e ribs in adult. and deficient.rib format.on, part.cularly among juveniles. t.us, we developed a reliable molecular marker t. genet.cally discriminat. bet.een 7 Arcidae species belonging t. Scapharca, Anadara, and t.gillarca based on species-specific polymorphic segment. of mit.chondrial DNA. PCR amplificat.on of part.al COI, 16S rRNA, 12S rRNA, and Cyt.b genes was performed on 7 species using 8 primer set.. Only t.e set.of Scapharca-specific forward primer and universal reverse primer for t.e part.al COI gene successfully yielded single PCR product. from all 7 species examined. t.us, nucleot.de sequences of 481 bp port.on of t.ese PCR product. were det.rmined, and t.e degrees of nucleot.de subst.t.t.ons ranged from 0.4% bet.een S. brought.nii and t. granosa t. 20.2% bet.een S. sat.wi and A. ant.quat.. In addit.on, a phylogenet.c t.ee showed significant.differences bet.een 7 species, wit. higher boot.t.ap support.t.an 69.

关键词： Ark Shell Arcidae Mit.chondrial DNA COI Gene Phylogenet.c Analysis

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基因型A型(Aa和Ae亚型)与基因型D型HBV感染后的差异:一项病例对照研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 44-45页

作者： tanaka Y. Hasegawa I. Kat. t. M. Mizokami 雒向宁 Dept. Clin. Molec. Info rmat.ve Med. Nagoya City Univ. Grad. Sch. Med. S. Nagoya 467-8601 JapanDr.

t.ere are t.o subt.pes of hepat.t.s B virus genot.pe A (HBV/ A) and t.ey are p rovisionally designat.d Aa (“a”st.nding for Africa/Asia) and Ae (“e”for Euro pe). In a case-cont.ol st.dy, 78 HBV/Aa, 78HBV/Ae, and 78HBV/D carriers from several co unt.ies were compared. t.e prevalence of HBe ant.gen (HBeAg) in serum was signif icant.y lower in carriers of HBV/Aa t.an in carriers of HBV/Ae (31%vs. 49%; P = .033), wit. a difference more obvious in t.e carriers aged 30 years or younger (34%vs. 67%; P = .029). HBV DNA levels in t.e carriers of HBV/Aa (median, 3.4 6 log copies/mL; 95%CI, 2.93-3.95)were significant.y lower t.an t.ose of carri ers of HBV/Ae (6.09 log copies/mL; 95%CI, 4.24-7.64) or of carriers ofHBV/D (5 .48 log copies/mL; 95%CI, 4.06-7.02), regardless of t.e HBeAg st.t.s (Pt.e most.specific and frequent.subst.t.t.ons in 54 HBV/Aa isolat.s were double subst.t.t.ons for t.809 (100%) and t.812 (96%) immediat.ly upst.eam of t.e pr ecore init.at.on codon, which would int.rfere wit. t.e t.anslat.on of HBeAg in H BV/Aa infect.ons. t.ey were not.det.ct.d in 57 HBV/Ae or 61 HBV/D isolat.s exami ned. t.e double mut.t.on in t.e core promot.r (t.762/A1764)was more frequent.in bot. HBV/Aa (50%) and HBV/Ae (44%) t.an in HBV/D isolat.s (25%; Pt.e precore mut.t.on (A1896) occurred in HBV/D isolat.s only (48%; P t.e clearance of HBeAg from serum may occur by different.mec hanisms in HBV/Aa, HBV/Ae, and HBV/D infect.ons, which may influence clinical ma nifest.t.ons in t.e West.rn count.ies where bot. genot.pes A and D are prevalent..

关键词： Aa Ae HBV感染病例对照研究核心启动子 DNA 启动密码子位点突变核心区西方国家

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