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Field assessment of straw pellet combustion in improved heating stoves in rural Northeast China

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 295-307页

作者： Yafei Liu Zhimin Li Emily Floess You Zhang Nicholas Lam sylvester k.mawusi Prabin Shrestha Xinghua Li Chunyu Xue Guangqing Liu Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center College of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China State key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Civil Constructionand Environmental EngineeringNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-7103USA Schatz Energy Research Center Humboldt State UniversityArcataCA 95521USA School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Straw pellets are widely promoted and expected to be a cleaner alternative fuel to unprocessed crop residues and rawcoal in rural ***,the effectiveness of these dissemination programs is not well *** this field study,emission characteristics of burning strawpellets,rawcoal,and unprocessed corn cobs in heating stoveswere investigated in a pilot village in Northeast *** measurements covering the whole combustion cycle(ignition,flaming,and smoldering phases)shows the promotion of improved heating stoves and straw pellets could reduce pollutant emissions(e.g.,SO_(2) and CO),but increase NO_(X) and PM_(2.5) emissions compared to the initial stove-fuel use pattern in the studied *** is a significant variance in emission characteristics between different combustion *** normalized emission concentrations of the different stove-fuel combinations were higher than the limits in the Chinese national standard for heating stoves,indicating that the standard is not met for real-world *** consumption was lower than official *** surveys were conducted to identify the barriers to fuel and stove access associated with existing promotion strategies,management,and *** pilot program was of the typical“subsidy-and-policy-dependence”pattern and was unlikely to be implemented on a large *** innovation,operational optimization,and proper policies considering the local socioeconomic factors are needed to sustain the promotion of biomass straw pellets and stoves.

关键词： Northeast China Straw pellet Improved heating stove Emission factors

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Determinants of Modern Contraceptive Uptake among the Youth in Akuse Township in the Lower Manya krobo Municipality, Ghana

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 72-86页

作者： Raymond mawusi Amenya Stephen Manortey Millicent Ofori Boateng Sandra kushitor Edward Sutherland Ensign Global College Kpong Ghana

Background: Access to safe and effective contraception is crucial for sexual and reproductive health to be at its best. This allows improved pregnancy results and the avoidance of unintended births. Teenagers’ views on using contraceptives are influenced by the information available at their disposal. The study assessed the influential factors affecting the utilization of modern contraceptives among the youth in Akuse in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Methods: The data for the study were gathered from 378 consented youth aged 15 - 24 years using a quantitative cross-sectional study design and a well-structured questionnaire. Person’s Chi-Square test was adopted to measure the association between the outcome variable and selected independent variables. Logistic regression models were utilized to measure the odds of the factors influencing modern contraceptive use among the respondents. Results: The results of the study suggested a high knowledge level of contraceptives;however, the prevalence of utilization was low. The level of education and age were factors found to influence the uptake of contraceptives. A bivariate analysis to examine the association between selected socio-demographic variables revealed that educational level (p = 0.044), religious affiliation (p = 0.002), and ethnicity (p = 0.016) were statistically associated with modern contraceptive use among the respondents. All other tested demographic variables including the age groups, gender, marital status, and residential status proved otherwise at the observed p-values greater than the 0.05 threshold. Respondents who indicated staying with partners were 6.79 times more likely to use contraceptives compared to their counterparts staying with a parent, after controlling for all other covariates. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, it was concluded that high contraceptive knowledge influences the choice of contraceptive preferred by the youth, and contraceptive use is also influenced by the a

关键词： Determinants Modern Contraceptive Youth Akuse Ghana

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Some Psychosocial Problems of Adolescents in Some Ghanaian Senior High Schools

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Sociology Study 2012年第11期2卷 880-888页

作者： Patricia mawusi Amosa University of Education Winneba Ghana

This research investigated whether there was a significant relationship between the problems of loneliness, inferiority, and identity confusion. Also, to test whether there was a significant relationship between problems of adolescents and their ages and sexes and to ascertain whether there will be a significant difference in sex with regards to these problems, 240 adolescent students from four Senior High Schools were sampled as respondents for the study. Correlations and t-test were used for analyses by employing Statistical Package for Social Sciences （SPSS） version 16. From the results, it appeared that there were highly significant positive correlations existing between the problems. This suggests that the more an adolescent experiences a problem, the higher will he/she experience another problem. Also, it appeared that among the three problems, inferiority had a significant relationship with sex whereas all the problems had a positive significant relationship with age. This suggests that the older an adolescent is, the more severe will he/she experience a problem. Finally, girls tend to experience inferiority more than their male counterparts. This finding also suggested that although problems of adolescents may differ with regards to sex, they are not isolated and therefore multi-factorial in nature.

关键词： Inferiority adolescent identity loneliness

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The Influence of Advanced Paternal Age on Sperm Chromatin Integrity and Early Embryo Morphological Development during ICSI

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2018年第2期6卷 35-49页

作者： mawusi Dickson David M. Adedia Daniel A. Abaye School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana

The study determined the impact of advanced male ageing (≥50 years) on sperm chromatin integrity and early embryo morphological development in intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique cycles. Six hundred subfertile men were age-grouped;X1 (50 to 59 years), X2 (60 to 69), and X3 (≥70), were compared with 600 fertile males of known fertility (Y, age 25 - 35 years). Oocytes from 254 women, aged ≤ 30 years, were included. Sperm were analyzed using acridine orange fluorescence test (AOT) and categorized: “low”, “inter-mediate” and “high” damage. After ICSI, embryos were evaluated and categorized as “good”, “fair” or “poor” quality. Embryonic morphological development was assessed at three stages: fertilization, early and late paternal effect. The AOT results were: X1: low = 29, intermediate = 53 and high = 118;X2: low = 11, intermediate = 42 and high = 147;X3: low = 8, intermediate = 24 and high = 168;Y: Low = 486, intermediate = 71 and high = 43. The fertilization rate was: X1, 329/350 (93.7%);X2, 298/350 (85.1%);X3, 225/350 (64.1%) and, Y, 350/350 (100%). Associations between increasing age and sperm chromatin damage (χ2 (723.249, 6) p < 0.0001), increasing age and inability to fertilize (χ2 (210.990, 3) p < 0.0001) were observed. Associated with increasing age was the significant proportion of morphologically poor quality embryos over the five days after fertilization. Male age ≥ 50 years, is highly associated with abnormal sperm chromatin organization, an inability to adequately fertilize with ICSI methodology, an increase in the number of poor quality embryos and, a corresponding decrease in the number of good quality embryos five days after fertilization.

关键词： ICSI Sperm Chromatin Integrity Male Age ≥ 50 AOT Early Embryo Development

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Use of Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) for Testing of Ovarian Reserve: A Survey of Fifteen (15) Fertility Centres in Ghana

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2021年第1期9卷 81-96页

作者： Dickson mawusi Michael Bright Yakass Chrissie Stancie Abaidoo Frederick kwaku Addai School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences (UHAS) Ho Ghana West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP) Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular Biology University of Ghana Accra Ghana School of Medicine and Dentistry Department of Anatomy College of Health Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences Department of Anatomy College of Health Sciences University of Ghana Medical School Korle Bu Accra Ghana

Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) is a dimeric glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 140 kD, encoded by a gene on the short arm of chromosome and a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily. The expression of AMH is markedly different in males and females, both in concentration and temporality. In males, Sertoli cells maintain a high concentration of AMH in utero which peaks shortly after birth and then drops precipitously at puberty. In females, granulosa cells produce very low levels of AMH in utero followed by a transient spike in the neonatal period. Concentrations of the hormone then rise steadily through adolescence to a peak in the mid-twenties and subsequently decline until becoming undetectable in menopause. The study aimed to understand how Clinicians and Clinical Embryologists used anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) test to assess ovarian reserve, direct patient selection and treatment regimens and guide in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle management in all registered fertility hospitals in a West African country, Ghana. A web-based survey (questionnaire) using google forms was performed to solicit responses from all IVF hospitals that are registered with the Fertility Society of Ghana (FERSOG). This questionnaire consisted of fifteen (15) broader questions, ten (10) of which assessed the clinics’ use of AMH. Responses were screened for quality to verify that only one (1) survey was completed by each IVF centre. The study was conducted during May and June 2020 at the In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Department of the Airport Women’s Hospital (AWH) in Accra, Ghana. Results are reported as the proportion of IVF cycles represented by a particular answer choice. Survey responses were completed from 15 IVF centres, representing 2504 IVF cycles performed annually. A good majority (73.3%) [1835 IVF cycles] of the respondent IVF hospitals reported to use AMH as a first line test and 93.3% reported it as the best test for evaluating ovarian rese

关键词： Anti-Mullerian Hormone Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) IVF Ghana Ovarian Reserve Survey

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Seminal Antioxidant Capacity to Oxidative Stress Induced by Electromagnetic Waves Emitting from Cellular Phones on Sperm Quality: An <i>in Vitro</i>Simulation Model

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2019年第4期7卷 94-105页

作者： Eugene Baah Christian Obirikorang Richard Harry Asmah Emmanuel Acheampong Enoch Odame Anto Michael Bright Yakass Dickson mawusi Department of Molecular Medicine School of Medical Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Kumasi Ghana Jubail Specialist Hospital Sakumono Tema Metropolis Ghana Department of Medical Laboratory School of Allied Health Sciences College of Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana School of Medical and Health Science Edith Cowan University Joondalup Australia West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP) Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular Biology University of Ghana Accra Ghana School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana

With the increasing use of electronic gadgets, the effects of electromagnetic waves on sperm quality have been reported. This study evaluated the capacity of seminal antioxidants to protect spermatozoa from the effects of exposure to non-ionizing cellular phone radiation on markers of semen quality and DNA integrity in an in-vitro model. A total of seventy-three (73) patients attending a fertility centre in Sakumono, Tema metropolis were recruited for this study. About 2 - 3 mls of freshly ejaculated semen was neatly collected by masturbation with consent and analysed according to the 2010 WHO standard semen analysis. A portion of Semen was exposed to non-ionizing cellular phone radiation for three (3) hours. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity levels and DNA fragmentation index (DFI) were determined before and after exposure. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS version 20.00 and Graph pad prism. DFI was positively associated with immobility (r = 0.233;p = 0.05) and negatively associated with percentage progressive motility (r = -0.258;p = 0.028), percentage total motility (r = -0.233;p = 0.05) and SOD levels (r = -0.270;p = 0.028). There was a significant positive linear relationship between SOD and progressive motility (r = 0.451;p < 0.0001), vitality (r = 0.725;p < 0.0001) and total motility (r = 0.705, p = 0.05). Higher seminal SOD level is protective against the damaging effects of electromagnetic waves on sperm quality.

关键词： DNA Fragmentation Index Superoxide Dismutase Semen Non-Ionizing Radiations Cellular Phones

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