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An asymmetrical multilevel inverter with minimum voltage stress and fewer components for photovoltaic renewable-energy system

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Clean Energy 2024年第1期8卷 1-22页

作者： Rabail Memon Mukhtiar Ahmed Mahar Abdul Sattar La.ik syed a.if a.i shah Department of Electrical Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and TechnologyJamshoroPakistan

The enhanced power qua.ity provided by multilevel inverters(MLis)has made them more appropriate for medium-and high-power applica.ions,including photovoltaic ***,a prevalent limita.ion involves the necessity for numerous switches and increased voltage stress across these switches,consequently increa.ing the overall system *** address these challenges,a new 17-level asymmetrical MLi with fewer components and low voltage stress is proposed for the photovoltaic *** innova.ive MLi configura.ion has four direct current(DC)sources and 10 *** on the trinary sequence,the proposed topology uses photovoltaics with boost converters and fuzzy logic controllers as its DC *** equa.ions are used to calculate cru-cial parameters for this proposed design,including total standing voltage per unit(TSVPU),cost function per level(CF/L),component count per level(CC/L)and voltage stress across the *** compa.ison is conducted by considering switches,DC sources,TSVPU,CF/L,gate driver circuits and CC/L with other existing MLi *** analysis is carried out under va.ious conditions,encompassing different levels of irra.iance,va.iable loads and modula.ion *** reduce the total harmonic distortion of the suggested topology,the phase opposition disposition approach has been *** suggested framework is simulated in MATLAB®/Simulink®.The results indicate that the proposed topology achieves a well-distributed stress profile across the switches and has CC/L of 1.23,TSVPU of 5 and CF/L of 4.58 and 5.76 with weight coefficients of 0.5 and 1.5,*** values are not-ably superior to those of existing MLi *** results demonstrate that the proposed topology maintains a consistent output at varying irra.iance levels with FLCs and exhibits robust performance under va.iable loads and diverse modula.ion ***,the total harmonic distortion achieved with phase opposition disposi

关键词： asymmetrical multilevel inverter photovoltaic system renewable energy component count per level cost function per level total standing voltage per unit phase opposition disposition technique

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Deep Learning Based Efficient Crowd Counting System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4001-4020页

作者： Waleed Kha.id Al-Ghanem Emad Ul Haq Qa.i Muhammad Hamza Faheem syed shah Amanullah Quadri Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh12372Saudi Arabia Centre of Excellence in Cybercrime and Digital Forensics Naif Arab University for Security SciencesRiyadh14812Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence for informa.ion Assurance(COEiA) King Saud UniversityRiyadh12372Saudi Arabia

Estima.ion of crowd count is becoming crucial nowadays,as it can help in security surveillance,crowd monitoring,and management for different *** is challenging to determine the approximate crowd size from an image of the crowd’s *** in this research study,we proposed a multi-headed convolutional neural network architecture-based model for crowd counting,where we divided our proposed model into two main components:(i)the convolutional neural network,which extracts the feature across the whole image that is given to it as an input,and(ii)the multi-headed layers,which make it ea.ier to evaluate density maps to estimate the number of people in the input image and determine their number in the *** employed the available public benchmark crowd-counting datasets UCF CC 50 and ShanghaiTech parts A and B for model training and testing to va.idate the model’s *** analyze the results,we used two metrics Mean Absolute Error(MAE)and Mean Square Error(MSE),and compared the results of the proposed systems with the state-of-art models of crowd *** results show the superiority of the proposed system.

关键词： Crowd counting EfficientNet multi-head attention convolutional neural network transfer learning

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Classifica.ion and Comprehension of Software Requirements Using Ensemble Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2839-2855页

作者： Ja.il Abbas Arshad Ahmad syed Muqsit shaheed Rubia Fa.ima Sa.id shah Mohammad Elaffendi Gauhar a.i School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui UniversityHefei230039China School of Computing Sciences Pak Austria FachhochschuleInstitute of Applied Sciences and TechnologyHaripur22620Pakistan Department of Computer Science and iT University of LahoreLahore55150Pakistan Department of Computer Science Emerson UniversityPunjabMultan60000Pakistan EiAS(Emerging intelligent Autonomous Systems)Data Science Lab Prince Sultan UniversityRiyad12435Saudi Arabia

The software development process mostly depends on accurately identifying both essential and optional ***,user needs are typically expressed in free-form language,requiring significant time and human resources to translate these into clear functional and non-functional *** address this challenge,va.ious machine learning(ML)methods have been explored to automate the understanding of these requirements,aiming to reduce time and human ***,existing techniques often struggle with complex instructions and large-scale *** our study,we introduce an innova.ive approach known as the Functional and Non-functional Requirements Classifier(FNRC).By combining the tra.itional random forest algorithm with the Accuracy Sliding Window(ASW)technique,we develop optimal sub-ensembles that surpass the initial classifier’s accuracy while using fewer *** results demonstrate that our FNRC methodology performs robustly across different datasets,achieving a balanced Precision of 75%on the PROMiSE dataset and an impressive Recall of 85%on the CCHiT *** datasets consistently maintain an F-measure around 64%,highlighting FNRC’s a.ility to effectively balance precision and recall in diverse *** findings contribute to more accurate and efficient software development processes,increa.ing the proba.ility of achieving successful project outcomes.

关键词： Ensemble learning machine learning non-functional requirements requirement engineering accuracy sliding window

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An implementa.ion of Multiscale Line Detection and Mathema.ical Morphology for Efficient and Precise Blood Vessel Segmenta.ion in Fundus images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2565-2583页

作者： syed Ayaz a.i shah Aa.ir shahzad Musaed Alhussein Chuan Meng Goh Khursheed Aurangzeb Tong Boon Tang Muhammad Awais Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad22060Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Faculty of informa.ion and Communica.ion Technology University Tunku Abdul RehmanKampar CampusKampar31900Malaysia Centre for intelligent Signal and ima.ing Research University Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri IskandarPerak32610Malaysia School of Computing Sciences University of East AngliaNorwichNR47TJUK

Diagnosing va.ious diseases such as glaucoma,age-related macular degenera.ion,cardiovascular conditions,and diabetic retinopathy involves segmenting retinal blood *** task is particularly challenging when dea.ing with color fundus images due to issues like non-uniformillumina.ion,low contrast,and va.ia.ions in vessel appearance,especially in the presence of different ***,the speed of the retinal vessel segmenta.ion system is of utmost *** the surge of now available big data,the speed of the algorithm becomes increa.ingly important,carrying almost equivalent weightage to the accuracy of the *** address these challenges,we present a novel approach for retinal vessel segmenta.ion,levera.ing efficient and robust techniques based on multiscale line detection and mathema.ical *** algorithm’s performance is evaluated on two publicly available datasets,namely the Digital Retinal images for Vessel Extraction dataset(DRiVE)and the Structure Analysis of Retina(STARE)*** experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method,withmean accuracy values of 0.9467 forDRiVE and 0.9535 for STARE datasets,aswell as sensitivity values of 0.6952 forDRiVE and 0.6809 for STARE ***,our algorithmexhibits competitive performance with state-of-the-art ***,it operates at an average speed of 3.73 s per image for DRiVE and 3.75 s for STARE *** is worth noting that these results were achieved using Matlab scripts containing multiple *** suggests that the processing time can be further reduced by repla.ing loops with *** the proposed algorithm can be deployed in real time *** summary,our proposed system strikes a fine balance between swift computa.ion and accuracy that is on par with the best available methods in the field.

关键词： Line detector vessel detection loca.iza.ion mathema.ical morphology image processing

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氯化铵溶液加速水泥基材料钙溶蚀的最佳浓度

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常州大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第5期36卷 71-77页

作者：王少伟高文龙肖焰钰吴佳雯 syed piyar a.i shah 常州大学城市建设学院江苏常州213164

选取0.2~6.0 mol/L的NH_(4)Cl溶液作为溶蚀介质,使用全浸泡法对纯水泥净浆试件开展加速溶蚀试验,研究不同浓度NH_(4)Cl溶液浸泡下试件的溶蚀深度、钙溶蚀量以及孔隙率随溶蚀时间的变化规律,并通过X射线衍射分析进行微观机理解释。结果发... 详细信息

选取0.2~6.0 mol/L的NH_(4)Cl溶液作为溶蚀介质,使用全浸泡法对纯水泥净浆试件开展加速溶蚀试验,研究不同浓度NH_(4)Cl溶液浸泡下试件的溶蚀深度、钙溶蚀量以及孔隙率随溶蚀时间的变化规律,并通过X射线衍射分析进行微观机理解释。结果发现,随着NH_(4)Cl溶液浓度的升高,其对溶蚀深度和钙溶蚀量的时间变化规律拟合所得Fick扩散定律比例系数分别呈先线性增大、后线性降低和负指数函数增长的演变规律,浸泡81 d后的试件溶蚀区相同深度处的CaCO_(3)衍射峰呈先降低、后增大的趋势。NH_(4)Cl溶液浓度过高,将导致溶蚀环境下固相含钙水化物的溶解-扩散过程明显偏离自然浸水环境下水泥基材料的钙溶蚀机理,NH_(4)Cl浸泡液浓度以3 mol/L为最佳。

关键词：水泥基材料钙溶蚀 NH 4Cl溶液浸泡法最佳浓度

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Enhancing Mild Cognitive impairment Detection through Efficient Magnetic Resonance image Analysis

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2081-2098页

作者： a.if Mehmood Zhonglong Zheng Rizwan Khan Ahmad Al Sma.i Farah shahid shahid iqbal Mutasem K.Alsma.i Yazeed Ya.in Gha.i syed a.iz shah Mostafa M.ibra.im Department of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321002China Zhejiang institute of Photoelectronics&Zhejiang institute for Advanced Light Source Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Department of Data Science and Artificial intelligence Zarqa UniversityZarqa13100Jordan School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering College of ChemistryChemical Engineering andMaterials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China Department of Management informa.ion Systems College of Applied Studies and Community ServiceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam32244Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Al Ain UniversityAbu Dhabi999041United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMinia61519Egypt Healthcare Technology and innova.ion Theme Faculty Research Centre for Intelligent HealthcareCoventry UniversityCoventryCV48BWUK

Neuroima.ing has emerged over the last few decades as a crucial tool in diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Mild cognitive impairment(MCi)is a condition that falls between the spectrum of normal cognitive function and ***,previous studies have mainly used handcrafted features to classify MCi,AD,and normal control(NC)*** paper focuses on using gray matter(GM)scans obtained through magnetic resonance ima.ing(MRi)for the diagnosis of individuals with MCi,AD,and *** improve classifica.ion performance,we developed two transfer learning strategies with data augmenta.ion(i.e.,shear range,rota.ion,zoom range,channel shift).The first approach is a deep Siamese network(DSN),and the second approach involves using a cross-domain strategy with customized *** performed experiments on the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroima.ing initia.ive(ADNi)dataset to evaluate the performance of our proposed *** experimental results demonstrate superior performance in classifying the three binary classifica.ion tasks:NC ***,NC ***,and MCi ***,we achieved a classifica.ion accuracy of 97.68%,94.25%,and 92.18%for the three cases,*** study proposes two transfer learning strategies with data augmenta.ion to accurately diagnose MCi,AD,and normal control individuals using GM *** findings provide promising results for future research and clinical applica.ions in the early detection and diagnosis of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease mild cognitive impairment normal control transfer learning classifica.ion augmenta.ion

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Unveiling the dyna.ic role of innate and adaptive immune cells in COPD pathogenesis induced by cigarette smoke

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Life Research 2024年第4期7卷 29-41页

作者： Dur E Maknoon Ra.ia syed Sib Tul Hassan shah Ta.ish Faheem Department of Pathogen Biology College of Basic Medical SciencesJilin UniversityChangchun 130015China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regula.ion College of Life Sciences and MedicineZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China Department of Surgery Nishtar Medical universityMultan 66000Pakistan.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a multifaceted syndrome characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory cascade within the respiratory system,prima.ily triggered by exposure to harmful particles and gases,notably from cigarette *** inflammatory response is orchestrated by innate immune cells like macrophages and epithelial cells,which recognize danger signals released from damaged *** inflamma.ion prompts an adaptive immune reaction mediated by dendritic cells,culmina.ing in the forma.ion of lymphoid follicles and involving a complex interplay of T and B cells,as well as cytotoxic ***,both viral and bacterial infections exacerbate COPD by further igniting inflammatory pathways,perpetua.ing the chronic inflammatory *** comprehensive review encapsulates the intricate interplay between innate and adaptive immunity in COPD,with a particular focus on the role of cigarette smoke in its pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.

关键词： chronic obstructive pulmonary disease innate immunity adaptive immunity cigarette smoke inflamma.ion oxida.ive stress protease-antiprotease imbalance

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immobiliza.ion techniques for beverage production using yeast cell systems: challenges, types, and future perspectives - a mini review

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Food and Health 2024年第4期6卷 27-38页

作者： syed Sib Tul Hassan shah iqra Naeem Aimen Naeem Nabeel Kha.id Bhutta Fa.ima Noor Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regula.ion College of Life Sciences and MedicineZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China School of Biological Sciences University of the PunjabLahorePakistan Laboratory of Anti-allergic Functional Molecules College of Life Sciences and MedicineZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310018China Department of Zoology Government College UniversityFaisalabadPunjabPakistan

Yeast immobiliza.ion is a process of physical entrapment of yeast cells using different techniques while maintaining their biological *** fermenta.ion systems have significant advantages over conventional *** highlights that immobilized yeast cell systems have several benefits as compared to free yeast *** immobilized yeast cell systems improve fermenta.ion rates,especially when paired with continuous fermenta.ion and appropriate immobiliza.ion *** va.ious immobiliza.ion techniques,continuous fermenta.ion processes,yeast metabolic activity related to beverage flavor production,and bioreactor designs is vital for optimizing the use of immobilized yeast cells systems on industrial *** review provides an overview of recent ba.ic research on immobilized yeast cell systems,with a focus on continuous beverage *** this study,different reactor configura.ions and immobiliza.ion techniques are *** study focus on the impacts of immobiliza.ion on the yeast cells,and discuss the recent advancements in these *** review concludes with a discussion on the practical applica.ions of immobilized yeast cells and continuous fermenta.ion in beverage production.

关键词： Yeast Cell System Beverages Continuous Fermenta.ion Microbial System

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NUMERiCAL SiMULa.iON OF AN OSCiLLa.iNG FLOW PAST A CiRCULAR CYLiNDER iN THE ViCiNiTY OF A PLANE WALL

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Journal of Hydrodyna.ics 2008年第5期20卷 547-552页

作者： shah syed Bilal Hussain Department of Modern Mecha.ics University of Science and Technology of China

Oscilla.ing flow around a circular cylinder in the vicinity of a plane wall was investigated by solving the two-dimensional incompressible Na.ier-Stokes equa.ions with a finite element Galarkin residual method. The effect of the gap G/D between the cylinder surface and the wall on the flow beha.ior was studied. For the case of G/D 〈 0.25, the periodicity in the flow is attributed to both the outer shear layer insta.ility and the oscilla.ing frequency. As G/D 〉 0.25, vortex shedding occurs and the periodicity in the flow is mainly due to the competition of the oscilla.ing frcqucncy and the vortex shedding frequency from an isolated sta.ionary cylinder.

关键词： finite element method vortex shedding oscilla.ing flow circular cylinder

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TiC-Mara.ing stainless steel composite:microstructure, mecha.ical and wear properties

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Rare Metals 2006年第6期25卷 630-635页

作者： Akhtar Fa.id Kha.ijah a.i shah syed Ja.id Aska.i School of Material Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Particulate TiC reinforced 17-4PH and 465 mara.ing stainless steel matrix composites were processed by conventional powder metallurgy （P/M）. TiC-mara.ing stainless steel composites with theoretical density 〉97% were produced using conventional P/M. The microstructure, and mecha.ical and wear properties of the composites were evaluated. The microstructure of the composites consisted of （core-rim structure） spherical and semi-spherical TiC particles depending on the wetta.ility of the matrix with TiC particles. in TiC-mara.ing stainless steel composites, 465 stainless steel binder phase showed good wetta.ility with TiC particles. Some microcracks appeared in the composites, indica.ing the presence of tensile stresses in the composites produced during sintering. The typical properties, hardness, and bend strength were reported for the composites. After heat treatment and a.ing, an increase in hardness was observed. The increase in hardness was at- tributed to the a.ing reaction in mara.ing stainless steel. The specific wear beha.ior of the composites strongly depends on the content of TiC particles and their interparticle spa.ing, and on the heat treatment of the mara.ing stainless steel.

关键词： TiC-mara.ing stainless steel composites a.ing wear powder metallurgy microcracks

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