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Leveraging the Role of Dynamic Reconfigurable Antennas in Viewpoint of Industry 4.0 and Beyond

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Research 2023年第3期6卷 35-56页

作者： Abdul Jabbar muhammad ali jamshed Qammer Abbasi muhammad ali imran Masood Ur-Rehman James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgowUK

Industry 4.0 is a digital paradigm that refers to the integration of cutting-edge computing and digital technologies into global industries because of which the state of manufacturing,communication,and control of smart industries has changed *** 4.0 has been profoundly influenced by some major disruptive technologies such as the Internet of Things(IoT),smart sensors,machine learning and artificial intelligence,cloud computing,big data analytics,advanced robotics,augmented reality,3D printing,and smart adaptive *** this review paper,we discuss physical layer-based solutions with a focus on high reliability and seamless connectivity for Industry 4.0 and beyond ***,we present a harmonized review of the industrial revolution journey,industrial communication infrastructure,key performance requirements,and potential sub-6-GHz frequency ***,based on that,we present a comprehensive review of intelligent tunable dynamic antenna systems at sub-6 GHz as key enablers for next-generation smart industrial ***-of-the-art smart antenna techniques such as agile pattern reconfigurability using electrical components,machine learning-and artificial intelligence-based agile beam-scanning antennas,and beam-steerable dynamic metasurface antennas are thoroughly reviewed and *** unfolded the exciting prospects of reconfigurable dynamic antennas for intelligent and reliable connectivity in application scenarios of Industry 4.0 and beyond such as Industrial IoT and smart manufacturing.

关键词： antenna IoT smart

Energy Cost Minimization Using String Matching Algorithm in Geo-Distributed Data Centers

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 6305-6322页

作者： muhammad imran Khan Khalil syed adeel ali Shah Izaz Ahmad Khan Mohammad Hijji muhammad Shiraz Qaisar Shaheen Department of Computer Science&Information Technology University of Engineering&TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bacha Khan UniversityCharsadda24541Pakistan Computer Science Department University of TabukTabuk47512Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurRahim Yar Khan CampusPunjabPakistan

Data centers are being distributed worldwide by cloud service providers(CSPs)to save energy costs through efficient workload alloca-tion *** CSPs are challenged by the significant rise in user demands due to their extensive energy consumption during workload *** research studies have examined distinct operating cost mitigation techniques for geo-distributed data centers(DCs).However,oper-ating cost savings during workload processing,which also considers string-matching techniques in geo-distributed DCs,remains *** this research,we propose a novel string matching-based geographical load balanc-ing(SMGLB)technique to mitigate the operating cost of the geo-distributed *** primary goal of this study is to use a string-matching algorithm(i.e.,Boyer Moore)to compare the contents of incoming workloads to those of documents that have already been processed in a data center.A successful match prevents the global load balancer from sending the user’s request to a data center for processing and displaying the results of the previously processed workload to the user to save *** the contrary,if no match can be discovered,the global load balancer will allocate the incoming workload to a specific DC for processing considering variable energy prices,the number of active servers,on-site green energy,and traces of incoming *** results of numerical evaluations show that the SMGLB can minimize the operating expenses of the geo-distributed data centers more than the existing workload distribution techniques.

关键词： String matching optimization geo-distributed data centers geographical load balancing green energy

Impact of temperature on yield and related traits in cotton genotypes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第3期15卷 678-683页

作者： Kalim ullah Niamatullah Khan Zahid Usman Rehmat ullah Fazal Yazdan Saleem syed Asif imran Shah muhammad Salman Pakistan Central Cotton Committee Cotton Research Station Department of Agricultural Extension Education & Communication The University of Agriculture Oil Seed Programme National Agriculture Research Center

Cotton growth and development is influenced by various uncontrollable environmental conditions. Temperature variations in the field can be created by planting at different dates. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of planting dates and thermal temperatures（growing degree days） on yield of 4 cotton genotypes, viz., CIM-598, CIM-599, CIM-602 and ali Akbar-703. Plants were subjected to 6 planting dates during 2013 and 2014 in a trial conducted in randomized complete block design with four replications. For boll number, boll weight and seed cotton yield, cotton genotypes exhibited significant differences, CIM-599 produced the highest seed cotton yield of 2 062 kg ha^（–1） on account of maximum boll number and boll weight. The highest seed cotton yield was recorded in planting dates from 15 th April to 1st May whereas early and delayed planting reduced the yield due to less accumulation of heat units. Regression analysis revealed that increase of one unit（15 days） from early to optimum date（15th March to 15 th April） increased yield by 93.58 kg ha^–1. Delay in planting also decreased the seed cotton yield with the same ratio. Thus it is concluded that cotton must be sown from 15 th April to 1st May to have good productivity in this kind of environment.

关键词： Gossypium hirsutum planting dates growing degree days genotypes

A decline in snow cover area of Passu and Ghulkin valleys between 1995 and 2022

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第12期20卷 3542-3551页

作者： imran HUSSAIN Mumtaz ali Sher muhammad Wajid HASSAN Salar ali Zakir HUSSAIN syed Hammad ali Shaukat ali muhammad Younis KHAN Department of Environmental Sciences University of BaltistanSkardu 16100Pakistan Micromaps IT and GIS Consultancy LLC 26135UAE International Centers for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) G.P.O.Box 3226KathmanduNepal Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Glacier Monitoring Research Centre(GMRC) Water and Power Development Authority(WAPDA)Lahore 54000Pakistan SickKids Centre for Global Child Health The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntario M5G 2L3Canada Global Change Impact Studies Center(GCISC) Islamabad 44000Pakistan Departments of Earth Sciences College of ScienceSultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat 123Oman National Centers of Excellence in Geology(NCEG) University of PeshawarPeshawar 25130Pakistan

The global cryosphere is experiencing accelerated melting due to climate ***,the Karakoram anomaly is under discussion with a debate about the possibility that the anomaly may have recently *** study aims to evaluate the up-to-date changes in snow cover in the western Karakoram *** observed the snow cover changes in Passu and Ghulkin valleys in the Hunza River basin(HRB)of the Karakoram through multitemporal Landsat satellite data between 1995 and *** found a significant reduction in snow cover in these valleys,with an average reduction rate of 0.42 km~2/yr,resulting in a total reduction of~11.46 km~2 between 1995 and *** reduction in snow cover is consistent with the mass loss of glaciers in the Karakoram region in recent *** decline in snow cover in these valleys is also consistent with the meteorological *** temperature in summer(June)has significantly increased whereas the precipitation in the accumulation season(March)has *** rapid changes suggest that it is crucially important to monitor the snow cover on a regular basis to support downstream management of snowmelt *** addition,there is a need of planning for mitigation and adaptation strategies for snow-related hazards.

关键词： Cryosphere Snow covers area Climate change Karakoram

Machine learning empowered COVID-19 patient monitoring using non-contact sensing:An extensive review

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2022年第2期12卷 193-204页

作者： Umer Saeed syed Yaseen Shah Jawad Ahmad muhammad ali imran Qammer H.Abbasi syed Aziz Shah Research Centre for Intelligent Healthcare Coventry UniversityCoventryCV15FBUK School of Computing Engineering and Built EnvironmentGlasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowG40BAUK School of Computing Edinburgh Napier UniversityEdinburghEH114BNUK James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgowG128QQUK

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),which caused the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,has affected more than 400 million people *** the recent rise of new Delta and Omicron variants,the efficacy of the vaccines has become an important *** goal of various studies has been to limit the spread of the virus by utilizing wireless sensing technologies to prevent human-to-human interactions,particularly for healthcare *** this paper,we discuss the current literature on invasive/contact and non-invasive/noncontact technologies(including Wi-Fi,radar,and software-defined radio)that have been effectively used to detect,diagnose,and monitor human activities and COVID-19 related symptoms,such as irregular *** addition,we focused on cutting-edge machine learning algorithms(such as generative adversarial networks,random forest,multilayer perceptron,support vector machine,extremely randomized trees,and k-nearest neighbors)and their essential role in intelligent healthcare ***,this study highlights the limitations related to non-invasive techniques and prospective research directions.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Non-invasive healthcare Machine learning Non-contact sensing COVID-19

On the Constant Metric Dimension of Generalized Petersen Graphs P(n,4)

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2014年第7期30卷 1145-1160页

作者： Saba NAZ muhammad SALMAN Usman ali imran JAVAID syed Ahtsham-ul-Haq BOKHARY Center for Advanced Studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics Bahauddin Zakariya University

In this paper, we consider the family of generalized Petersen graphs P（n,4）. We prove that the metric dimension of P（n, 4） is 3 when n = 0 （mod 4）, and is 4 when n = 4k ＋ 3 （k is even）.For n = 1,2 （mod 4） and n = 4k ＋ 3 （k is odd）, we prove that the metric dimension of P（n,4） is bounded above by 4. This shows that each graph of the family of generalized Petersen graphs P（n, 4） has constant metric dimension.

关键词： Metric dimension constant metric dimension generalized Petersen graphs

ON CLASSES OF REGULAR GRAPHS WITH CONSTANT METRIC DIMENSION

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2013年第1期33卷 187-206页

作者： muhammad imran syed Ahtsham ul Haq BOKHARY ali AHMAD Andrea SEMANIOV-FENOVíKOV Centre for Advanced Mathematics and Physics(CAMP) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST) Center for Advanced Studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics Bahauddin Zakariya University College of Computer and Information System Jazan University Department of Applied Mathematics and Informatics Technical University

In this paper, we are dealing with the study of the metric dimension of some classes of regular graphs by considering a class of bridgeless cubic graphs called the flower snarks Jn, a class of cubic convex polytopes considering the open problem raised in [M. imran et al., families of plane graphs with constant metric dimension, Utilitas Math., in press] and finally Harary graphs H5,n by partially answering to an open problem proposed in Ⅱ. Javaid et al., Families of regular graphs with constant metric dimension, Utilitas Math., 2012, 88： 43-57]. We prove that these classes of regular graphs have constant metric dimension.

关键词： metric dimension basis resolving set cubic graph flower snark convexpolytope

Adaptive Multi-Cost Routing Protocol to Enhance Lifetime for Wireless Body Area Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1089-1103页

作者： muhammad Mateen Yaqoob Waqar Khurshid Leo Liu syed Zulqarnain Arif imran ali Khan Osman Khalid Raheel Nawaz Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad Campus22060Pakistan Department of OTEHM Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK

Wireless Body Area Network(WBAN)technologies are emerging with extensive applications in several *** is a fascinating domain of WBAN for smart monitoring of a patient’s *** important factor to consider in WBAN is a node’s *** the lifetime of nodes is critical to address many issues,such as utility and *** routing protocols have addressed the energy conservation problem but considered only a few parameters,thus affecting their ***,most of the existing schemes did not consider traffic prioritization which is critical in *** this paper,an adaptive multi-cost routing protocol is proposed with a multi-objective cost function considering minimum distance from sink,temperature of sensor nodes,priority of sensed data,and maximum residual energy on sensor *** performance of the proposed protocol is compared with the existing schemes for the parameters:network lifetime,stability period,throughput,energy consumption,and path *** is evident from the obtained results that the proposed protocol improves network lifetime and stability period by 30%and 15%,respectively,as well as outperforms the existing protocols in terms of throughput,energy consumption,and path loss.

关键词： Multi-cost routing protocol network lifetime wireless body area network adaptive routing residual energy clustering poisson distribution

Herding behavior in Ramadan and financial crises: the case of the Pakistani stock market

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Financial Innovation 2018年第1期4卷 242-255页

作者： imran Yousaf Shoaib ali syed Zulfiqar ali Shah Management Sciences Capital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Air University School of Management Air UniversityIslamabadPakistan International Islamic University IslamabadPakistan.

This study examines herding behavior in the Pakistani Stock Market under different market conditions,focusing on the Ramadan effect and Crisis period by using data from 2004 to *** regression models of Christie and Huang(Financ Analysts J 51:31-37,1995)and Chang et al.,(J Bank Finance 24:1651-1679,2000)are used for herding *** based on daily stock data reveal that there is an absence of herding behavior during rising(up)and falling(down)market as well as during high and low volatility in *** herding behavior is detected during low trading volume *** analysis shows that herding existed during 2005,2006 and 2007,while it is not evident during rest of the ***,herding behavior is not detected during ***,during financial crisis of 2007-08,Pakistani Stock Market exhibits herding behavior due to higher uncertainty and information asymmetry.

关键词： Herding behavior Financial crisis Ramadan effect Stock markets