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Initial search for low grade clay in Pakistan for producing LC^(3) ecofriendly cement

Low-carbon Materials and Green Construction 2023年第1期1卷 193-204页

作者： syed muhammad Fahad Hussain muhammad Danyal Sheikh Tariq Jamil Asad-ur-Rehman Khan Tehmina Ayub Chuanlin Hu Department of Mechanical Engineering NED University of Engineering&Technology University RoadKarachi 75270Pakistan Department of Civil Engineering NED University of Engineering&Technology University RoadKarachi 75270Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Industrialization has though brought comfort to our daily lives,but it has placed a lot of pressure on the planet’s natural resources,subsequently,it has adversely affected the *** the need for cement in the construction sector has grown,it has climbed dramatically *** the world,more than 10 billion cubic meters of concrete are produced each year;it is doubtful that this volume will decrease.A significant expected rise in CO_(2) emissions is caused by increased cement *** to the UN Environment Program,buildings are responsible for up to 41%of global anthropogenic carbon *** primary source of greenhouse gases utilized in the manufacturing of cement is *** to the unsustainable supply of fly ash,calcined clay appears to be a better Supplemental Cementitious Material(SCMs).Kaolin clay is widely available in *** purpose of this investigation is to describe the mineral and thermal characteristics of Pakistani clays by examining their geographic *** samples were gathered from 39 different places throughout Pakistan during a field investigation program.X-ray diffraction,X-ray Fluorescence,Reactivity,and thermogravimetric analyses were used to analyze the clay samples’mineral content and thermal *** study demonstrates that Pakistan has a substantial amount of kaolin clay reserves close to existing groups of cement *** clays can be utilized as SCM in the production of limestone calcined clay cement(LC^(3))due to the country’s vast kaolin clay *** study further supports the viability of producing LC^(3) in the nation by providing a thorough analysis of the cement business,known deposits of qualifying clay,and the country’s cement production process.

关键词： Pakistani clay Kaolinite content SCM Cement Deposits

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Maternal salinity improves yield, size and stress tolerance of Suaeda fruticosa seeds

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第2期12卷 283-293页

作者： syed Z SHAH Aysha RASHEED Bilquees GUL muhammad A KHAN Brent LNIELSEN Abdul HAMEED Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Govt.Degree Boys College Sector 4ENew SaeedabadBaldia TownKarachi 75760Pakistan Department of Microbiology&Molecular Biology Brigham Young UniversityProvoUT 84602USA

Shrubby seablite or lani(Suaeda fruticosa Forssk)is a perennial euhalophyte with succulent leaves,which could be planted on arid-saline lands for restoration and cultivated as a non-conventional edible or cash *** about the impacts of maternal saline environment on seed attributes of this important euhalophyte is *** study investigated the effects of maternal salinity on yield,size and stress tolerance of *** *** of *** were grown in a green net house under increasing maternal salinity levels(0,300,600 and 900 mM NaCl)until seed *** yield,size,stress tolerance and germination of the descended seeds under different maternal saline conditions were *** grown under saline conditions(300,600 and 900 mM NaCl)produce a substantially higher quantity of seeds than plants grown under non-saline condition(0 mM NaCl).Low maternal salinity(300 mM NaCl)improves seed *** produced under all maternal salinity levels display a higher tolerance to low temperature(night/day thermoperiod of 10℃/20℃),whereas seeds produced under 300 mM NaCl maternal saline condition show a better tolerance to high temperature(night/day thermoperiod of 25℃/35℃)during *** from all maternal saline conditions germinate better in the 12 h photoperiod(12 h light/12 h dark)than in the dark(24 h dark);however,seeds produced from low and moderate maternal saline conditions(300 and 600 mM NaCl)show a higher germination in the dark than those from control and high maternal saline conditions(0 and 900 mM NaCl).In general,maternal salinity is found to improve yield,size and stress tolerance of *** seeds.

关键词： euhalophyte maternal salinity salt tolerance seed germination non-saline condition Suaeda fruticosa

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Metabolite profiling and antidiabetic attributes of ultrasonicated leaf extracts of Conocarpus lancifolius

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第8期10卷 353-360页

作者： syed Ali Raza Ayoub Rashid Chaudhary muhammad Waseem Mumtaz Ahmad Adnan Hamid Mukhtar muhammad Tayyab Akhtar Department of Chemistry Government College UniversityLahore54000 Pakistan Department of Chemistry University of GujratGujrat Pakistan Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Government College UniversityLahore54000 Pakistan

Objective:To profile the secondary metabolites and to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of hydroethanolic leaf extracts of Conocarpus ***:The various hydroethanolic extracts of Conocarpus lancifolius leaf were prepared by ultrasonication assisted *** phenolic contents,flavonoid contents,antioxidant activity,α-glucosidase andα-amylase inhibitions of leaf extracts were *** metabolite profiling was accomplished by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS *** antidiabetic assessment of the most potent extract was carried out by measuring the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect in the high fat diet-fed diabetic albino *** blood glucose level,haemoglobin,total cholesterol,high-density lipoproteins(HDL)and low-density lipoproteins(LDL)were ***:The 60%ethanolic extract exhibited the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents of(349.39±2.13)mg GAE/g dry extract and(116.95±2.34)mg RE/g dry extracts,respectively,and the highest DPPH scavenging activity with an IC50 value of(32.87±1.11)μg/*** IC50 values forα-glucosidase andα-amylase inhibitions were(38.64±0.93)μg/mL and(44.80±1.57)μg/mL,***-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis confirmed the presence of gallic acid,ellagic acid,corilagin,kaempherol-3-O-rutinoside,caffeic acid derivative,isorhamnetin and galloyl derivatives in the 60%ethanolic *** extract at a dose of 450 mg/kg body weight reduced blood glucose level,total cholesterol,LDL and HDL,and increased haemoglobin in alloxan-induced diabetic mice,Conclusions:Conocarpus lancifolius leaves are proved as a good source of biologically functional metabolites and possess antidiabetic activity which may be further explored to treat diabetes.

关键词： Antioxidant Antidiabetic Conocarpus lancifolius Metabolite profiling Diabetic mice model

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Detailed investigation of optimized alkali catalyzed transesterification of Jatropha oil for biodiesel production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2015年第3期24卷 331-336页

作者： Waqas Ahmed muhammad Faizan Nazar syed Danish Ali Usman Ali Rana Salah Ud-Din Khan National Centre for Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Campus Office of Research Innovation and CommercializationUniversity of Gujrat Department of Chemistry University of Gujrat Sustainable Energy Technologies (SET) Center College of EngineeringPO-Box 800King Saud University

The non-edible oils are believed to be one of the major feedstock for the production of biodiesel in *** the present study,we investigated the production of Jatropha oil methyl esters（JOMEs） via alkali-catalyzed transesterification *** biophysical characteristics of Jatropha oil were found within the optimal range in accordance with ASTM standards as a substitute diesel *** chemical composition and production yield of as-synthesized biodiesel were confirmed by various analytical techniques such as FT-IR,1H NMR,13 C NMR and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.A high percentage conversion,～96.09%,of fatty acids into esters was achieved under optimized transesterification conditions with 6 ：1 oil to methanol ratio and 0.9 wt% Na OH for 50 min at ～60°***,twelve fatty acids methyl esters（FAME） were quantified in the GC/MS analysis and it was interesting to note that the mass fragmentation pattern of saturated,monounsaturated and diunsaturated FAME was comparable with the literature reported values.

关键词： Jatropha oil methyl esters transesterification biodiesel fuel gas chromatography mass spectrometry

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Energy Management System Design and Testing for Smart Buildings Under Uncertain Generation (Wind/Photovoltaic) and Demand

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2018年第3期23卷 254-265页

作者： syed Furqan Rafique Jianhua Zhang muhammad Hanan Waseem Aslam Atiq Ur Rehman Zmarrak Wali Khan Department of Electricaland Electronics Engineering North China ElectricPower University Beijing 102206 China.

This study provides details of the energy management architecture used in the Goldwind microgrid test bed. A complete mathematical model, including all constraints and objectives, for microgrid operational management is first described using a modified prediction interval scheme. Forecasting results are then achieved every 10 min using the modified fuzzy prediction interval model, which is trained by particle swarm optimization.A scenario set is also generated using an unserved power profile and coverage grades of forecasting to compare the feasibility of the proposed method with that of the deterministic approach. The worst case operating points are achieved by the scenario with the maximum transaction cost. In summary, selection of the maximum transaction operating point from all the scenarios provides a cushion against uncertainties in renewable generation and load demand.

关键词： microgrid economic optimization generation forecast load forecast energy management system fuzzy prediction interval heuristic optimization

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Unicast routing protocols for urban vehicular networks:review, taxonomy, and open research issues

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2014年第7期15卷 489-513页

作者： syed Adeel Ali SHAH muhammad SHIRAZ Mostofa Kamal NASIR Rafidah Binti MD NOOR Mobile Ad Hoc Technology Lab Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of Malaya

Over the past few years, numerous traffic safety applications have been developed using vehicular ad hoc networks(VANETs). These applications represent public interest and require network-wide dissemination techniques. On the other hand, certain non-safety applications do not require network-wide dissemination *** applications can be characterized by their individual interest between two vehicles that are geographically apart. In the existing literature, several proposals of unicast protocols exist that can be used for these non-safety applications. Among the proposals, unicast protocols for city scenarios are considered to be most *** implies that in city scenarios unicast protocols show minimal persistence towards highly dynamic vehicular characteristics, including mobility, road structure, and physical environment. Unlike other studies, this review is motivated by the diversity of vehicular characteristics and difficulty of unicast protocol adaption in city *** review starts with the categorization of unicast protocols for city scenarios according to their requirement for a predefined unicast path. Then, properties of typical city roads are discussed, which helps to explore limitations in efficient unicast communication. Through an exhaustive literature review, we propose a thematic taxonomy based on different aspects of unicast protocol operation. It is followed by a review of selected unicast protocols for city scenarios that reveal their fundamental characteristics. Several significant parameters from the taxonomy are used to qualitatively compare the reviewed protocols. Qualitative comparison also includes critical investigation of distinct approaches taken by researchers in experimental protocol evaluation. As an outcome of this review, we point out open research issues in unicast routing.

关键词： Unicast protocols Taxonomy Protocol review Vehicular ad hoc networks Geographic routing

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Corrosion resistance and thermal stability of sputtered Fe44Al34Ti7N15 and Al61Ti11N28 thin films for prospective application in oil and gas industry

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2021年第5期31卷 688-697页

作者： Mahbub Alam Maruf syed muhammad Mujtaba Rizvi Mohammed Noor-A-Alam Donghyun Shin Waseem Haider Ishraq Shabib School of Engineering and Technology Central Michigan University Mechanical Engineering Indiana University-Purdue University Columbus

Fe-and Al-based thin-film metallic glass coatings(Fe44Al34Ti7N15and Al61Ti11N28) were fabricated using magnetron co-sputtering technique, and their corrosion performances compared against wrought 316 L stainless steel. The results of GI-XRD and XPS analyses demonstrated amorphous structure and oxide layer formation on the surface of the fabricated thin films, respectively. The potentiodynamic(PD) polarization test in chloridethiosulfate(NH4Cl + Na2S2O3) solution revealed lower corrosion current(Icorr)(0.42 ± 0.02 μA/cm~2 and0.086 ± 0.001 μA/cm~2 Vs. 0.76 ± 0.05 μA/cm~2), lower passivation current(Ipass)(1.45 ± 0.03 μA/cm~2 and1.83 ± 0.07 μA/cm~2 Vs. 1.98 ± 0.04 μA/cm~2), and approximately six-fold higher breakdown potential(Ebd) for Fe-and Al-based coatings than those of wrought 316 L stainless steel. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy(EIS) of both films showed 4-and 2-fold higher charge transfer resistance(Rct), 7-and 2.5-times higher film resistance(Rf), lower film capacitance values(Qf)(10 ± 2.4 μS-sacm-2, and 5.41 ± 0.8 μS-sacm-2Vs. 18 ± 2.21 μSsacm-2), and lower double-layer capacitance values(Qdl)(31.33 ± 4.74 μS-sacm-2, and 15.3 ± 0.48 μS-sacm-2Vs.43 ± 4.23 μS-sacm-2), indicating higher corrosion resistance of the thin films. Cyclic Voltammetry(CV) scan exhibited that the passive films formed on the Fe-and Al-based coatings were more stable and less prone to pitting corrosion than the wrought 316 L stainless steel. The surface morphology of both films via SEM endorsed the CV scan results, showing better resistance to pitting corrosion. Furthermore, the thermal analysis via TGA and DSC revealed the excellent thermal stability of the thin films over a wide temperature range typically observed in oilgas industries.

关键词： Thin films Metallic glasses X-ray diffraction Photoelectron spectroscopy Corrosion Thermal analysis

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Intelligent Dynamic Gesture Recognition Using CNN Empowered by Edit Distance

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 2061-2076页

作者： Shazia Saqib Allah Ditta muhammad Adnan Khan syed Asad Raza Kazmi Hani Alquhayz Department of ComputerScience Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Information Sciences Division of Science&TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54000Pakistan GC University Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information College of Sciencein ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Human activity detection and recognition is a challenging *** surveillance can benefit greatly by advances in Internet of Things(IoT)and cloud *** intelligence IoT(AIoT)based devices form the basis of a smart *** research presents Intelligent dynamic gesture recognition(IDGR)using a Convolutional neural network(CNN)empowered by edit distance for video *** proposed system has been evaluated using AIoT enabled devices for static and dynamic gestures of Pakistani sign language(PSL).However,the proposed methodology can work efficiently for any type of *** proposed research concludes that deep learning and convolutional neural networks give a most appropriate solution retaining discriminative and dynamic information of the input *** research proposes recognition of dynamic gestures using image recognition of the keyframes based on CNN extracted from the human *** distance is used to find out the label of the word to which those sets of frames belong *** simulation results have shown that at 400 videos per human action,100 epochs,234×234 image size,the accuracy of the system is 90.79%,which is a reasonable accuracy for a relatively small dataset as compared to the previously published techniques.

关键词： Sign languages keyframe edit distance misrate accuracy

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On the Constant Metric Dimension of Generalized Petersen Graphs P(n,4)

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2014年第7期30卷 1145-1160页

作者： Saba NAZ muhammad SALMAN Usman ALI Imran JAVAID syed Ahtsham-ul-Haq BOKHARY Center for Advanced Studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics Bahauddin Zakariya University

In this paper, we consider the family of generalized Petersen graphs P（n,4）. We prove that the metric dimension of P（n, 4） is 3 when n = 0 （mod 4）, and is 4 when n = 4k ＋ 3 （k is even）.For n = 1,2 （mod 4） and n = 4k ＋ 3 （k is odd）, we prove that the metric dimension of P（n,4） is bounded above by 4. This shows that each graph of the family of generalized Petersen graphs P（n, 4） has constant metric dimension.

关键词： Metric dimension constant metric dimension generalized Petersen graphs

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A study of heat and mass transfer on magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow of nanoparticles

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Propulsion and Power Research 2018年第1期7卷 72-77页

作者： syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din Umar Khan Naveed Ahmed muhammad Mehdi Rashidi Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesHITEC UniversityTaxila CanttPakistan Shanghai Key Lab of Vehicle Aerodynamics and Vehicle Thermal Management Systems Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Center for Research(CFR) University of Islamabad(UoI)IslamabadPakistan Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyAbbottabadPakistan

Investigation of the flow,heat and mass transfer of a nanofluid over a suddenly moved flat plate is presented using Buongiorno's *** study is different from some of the previous studies as the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis on nanoparticles volume fraction are passively controlled on the boundary rather than *** partial differential equations governing the flow are reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential *** similarity transforms are used for this purpose.A well-known numerical scheme called Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method coupled with shooting procedure has been used to find the solution of resulting system of *** on the effects of different emerging parameters is provided using graphical aid.A table is also given that provides the results of different parameters on local Nusselt and Sherwood *** passive control model can be used to control the boundary layer thickness as well as the rate of mass transfer at the wall.

关键词： Nanofluid Brownian motion Thermophoresis Nusselt number Sherwood number

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