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An Improved Optimized model for Invisible Backdoor Attack Creation Using Steganography

Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1173-1193页

作者： Daniyal m.Alghazzawi Osama Bassam J.Rabie Surbhi Bhatia syed Hamid Hasan Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Sciences and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversitySaudi Arabia

The Deep Neural Networks(DNN)training process is widely affected by backdoor *** backdoor attack is excellent at concealing its identity in the DNN by performing well on regular samples and displaying malicious behavior with data poisoning *** state-of-art backdoor attacks mainly follow a certain assumption that the trigger is sample-agnostic and different poisoned samples use the same *** overcome this problem,in this work we are creating a backdoor attack to check their strength to withstand complex defense strategies,and in order to achieve this objective,we are developing an improved Convolutional Neural Network(ICNN)model optimized using a Gradient-based Optimization(GBO)(ICNN-GBO)*** the ICNN-GBO model,we are injecting the triggers via a steganography and regularization *** are generating triggers using a single-pixel,irregular shape,and different *** performance of the proposed methodology is evaluated using different performance metrics such as Attack success rate,stealthiness,pollution index,anomaly index,entropy index,and *** the CNN-GBO model is trained with the poisoned dataset,it will map the malicious code to the target *** proposed scheme’s effectiveness is verified by the experiments conducted on both the benchmark datasets namely CIDAR-10 andmSCELEB 1m *** results demonstrate that the proposed methodology offers significant defense against the conventional backdoor attack detection frameworks such as STRIP and Neutral cleanse.

关键词： Convolutional neural network gradient-based optimization steganography backdoor attack and regularization attack

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TiC-maraging stainless steel composite:microstructure, mechanical and wear properties

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Rare metals 2006年第6期25卷 630-635页

作者： Akhtar Farid Khadijah Ali Shah syed Javid Askari School of material Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Particulate TiC reinforced 17-4PH and 465 maraging stainless steel matrix composites were processed by conventional powder metallurgy （P/m）. TiC-maraging stainless steel composites with theoretical density 〉97% were produced using conventional P/m. The microstructure, and mechanical and wear properties of the composites were evaluated. The microstructure of the composites consisted of （core-rim structure） spherical and semi-spherical TiC particles depending on the wettability of the matrix with TiC particles. In TiC-maraging stainless steel composites, 465 stainless steel binder phase showed good wettability with TiC particles. Some microcracks appeared in the composites, indicating the presence of tensile stresses in the composites produced during sintering. The typical properties, hardness, and bend strength were reported for the composites. After heat treatment and aging, an increase in hardness was observed. The increase in hardness was at- tributed to the aging reaction in maraging stainless steel. The specific wear behavior of the composites strongly depends on the content of TiC particles and their interparticle spacing, and on the heat treatment of the maraging stainless steel.

关键词： TiC-maraging stainless steel composites aging wear powder metallurgy microcracks

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Peptides-based vaccine against SARS-nCoV-2 antigenic fragmented synthetic epitopes recognized by T cell and β-cell initiation of specific antibodies tofightthe infection

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Bio-Design and manufacturing 2021年第3期4卷 490-505页

作者： Zainularifeen Abduljaleel Faisal A.Al-Allaf syed A.Aziz Department of medical Genetics Faculty of MedicineUmm Al-Qura UniversityP.O.Box715Mecca21955Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Science and Technology Unit UmmAl-Qura UniversityP.O.Box 715Mecca21955Kingdom of SaudiArabia The Regional Laboratory Molecular Diagnostics UnitDepartment of Molecular BiologyMinistry of Health(MOH)P.O.Box 6251MeccaKingdom of SaudiArabia Department of Pathology and Lab medicine University of Ottawa451Smyth RoadOttawaONK1H8M5Canada

The World Health Organization has declared the rapidly spreading coronavirus to be a global *** FDA is yet to approve a vaccine for human novel ***,we developed a peptide-based vaccine and used high-throughput screening by molecular dynamics simulation to identify T-cell-and p-cell-recognized epitopes for producing specific antibod-ies against *** construct~12 P'antigenic epitope peptides to develop a more effective vaccine and identify specific *** epitope peptides selectively presented the best antigen presentation scores for both human pmHC class I and II alleles to develop a strong binding *** antigens identified of SARS-nCoV-2 different proteins by each attached specific~1-7 L linker adaptor were used to construct a broad single peripheral peptide *** is expected to be highly antigenic with a minimum allergic *** a result of these exciting outcomes,expressing a vaccine using the intimated peptide was highly promising and positive to be highly proposed as epitope-based peptide vaccine of specific antibody against SARS-nCoV-2 by initiating T cells and β-*** in vitro study for the proposed peptide-based vaccine *** *** clinical trials are required to check the efficacy of this vaccine.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-nCoV-2 Peptide-based vaccine Cell-penetrating peptides Lipid membrane Vaccine efficacy

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modified Anam-Net Based Lightweight Deep Learning model for Retinal Vessel Segmentation

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 1501-1526页

作者： syed Irtaza Haider Khursheed Aurangzeb musaed Alhussein College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

The accurate segmentation of retinal vessels is a challenging taskdue to the presence of various pathologies as well as the low-contrast ofthin vessels and non-uniform illumination. In recent years, encoder-decodernetworks have achieved outstanding performance in retinal vessel segmentation at the cost of high computational complexity. To address the aforementioned challenges and to reduce the computational complexity, we proposea lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN)-based encoder-decoderdeep learning model for accurate retinal vessels segmentation. The proposeddeep learning model consists of encoder-decoder architecture along withbottleneck layers that consist of depth-wise squeezing, followed by fullconvolution, and finally depth-wise stretching. The inspiration for the proposed model is taken from the recently developed Anam-Net model, whichwas tested on CT images for COVID-19 identification. For our lightweightmodel, we used a stack of two 3 × 3 convolution layers (without spatialpooling in between) instead of a single 3 × 3 convolution layer as proposedin Anam-Net to increase the receptive field and to reduce the trainableparameters. The proposed method includes fewer filters in all convolutionallayers than the original Anam-Net and does not have an increasing numberof filters for decreasing resolution. These modifications do not compromiseon the segmentation accuracy, but they do make the architecture significantlylighter in terms of the number of trainable parameters and computation *** proposed architecture has comparatively fewer parameters (1.01m) thanAnam-Net (4.47m), U-Net (31.05m), SegNet (29.50m), and most of the otherrecent works. The proposed model does not require any problem-specificpre- or post-processing, nor does it rely on handcrafted features. In addition,the attribute of being efficient in terms of segmentation accuracy as well aslightweight makes the proposed method a suitable candidate to be used in thescreening platforms at

关键词： Anam-Net convolutional neural network cross-database training data augmentation deep learning fundus images retinal vessel segmentation semantic segmentation

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Inexpensive synthesis of a high-performance Fe3O4-SiO2-TiO2 photocatalyst： magnetic recovery and reuse

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第3期10卷 405-416页

作者： Nadir Abbas Godlisten N. Shao syed m. Imran muhammad S. Haider Hee Taik Kim Department of Chemical Engineering Hanyang University Ansan-si Gyeonggi-do 426-791 Republic of Korea Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hanyang University Ansan-si Gyeonggi-do 426-791 Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering University of Gujrat HH Campus Punjab Pakistan

A sol-gel technique has been developed for the synthesis of a magnetite-silica-titania （Fe3O4-SiO2-TiO2） tertiary nanocomposite with improved photocatalytic properties based on the use of inexpensive titania and silica precursors. The exceptional photocatalytic activity of the resulting materials was demonstrated by using them to photocatalyze the degradation of methylene blue solution. The best formulation achieved 98% methylene blue degradation. An interesting feature of the present work was the ability to magnetically separate and reuse the catalyst. The efficiency of the catalyst remained high during two reuses. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEm）, transmission electron micro- scopy （TEm）, Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectro- scopy, ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. XRD ana- lysis revealed the formation of multicrystalline systems of cubic magnetite and anatase titania crystals. SEm and TEm characterization revealed well-developed and homo- geneously dispersed particles of size less than 15 nm. FTIR spectra confirmed the chemical interaction of titania and silica. It was further noticed that the optical properties of the prepared materials were dependent on the relative contents of their constituent metal oxides.

关键词： sol-gel photocatalysis magnetic recovery,TiO2 Fe3O4 SiO2

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High surface area and mesoporous activated carbon from KOH-activated dragon fruit peels for methylene blue dye adsorption:Optimization and mechanism study

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第4期34卷 281-290页

作者： Ali H.Jawad Ahmed Saud Abdulhameed Lee D.Wilson syed Shatir A.syed-Hassan Zeid A.ALOthman mohammad Rizwan Khan Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA40450 Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia Department of medical Instrumentation Engineering Al-Mansour University CollegeBaghdadIraq Department of Chemistry University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewan S7N 5C9 Canada Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA40450 Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia Chemistry Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

In this study,an alternative precursor for production of activated carbon was introduced using dragon fruit(Hylocereus costaricensis)peel(DFP).moreover,KOH was used as a chemical activator in the thermal carbonization process to convert DFP into activated carbon(DFPAC).In order to accomplish this research,several approaches were employed to examine the elemental composition,surface properties,amorphous and crystalline nature,essential active group,and surface morphology of the *** BrunauerEmmettTeller test demonstrated a mesoporous structure of the DFPAC has a high surface area of 756.3 m2g *** cationic dye methylene Blue(mB)was used as a probe to assess the efficiency of DFPAC towards the removal of mB dye from aqueous *** effects of adsorption input factors(*** dose(A:0.040.12 g L 1),pH(B:310),and temperature(C:3050℃))were investigated and optimized using statistical analysis(*** design(BBD)).The adsorption kinetic model can be best categorized as the pseudofirst order(PFO).Whereas,the adsorption isotherm model can be best described by Langmuir model,with maximum adsorption capacity of DFPAC for mB dye was 195.2 mg g 1 at 50℃.The adsorption mechanism of mB by DFPAC surface was attributed to the electrostatic interaction,pp interaction,and ***,the results support the ability of DFP to be a promising precursor for production of highly porous activated carbon suitable for removal of cationic dyes(***).

关键词： Statistical modeling Activated carbon Dragon fruit peels Box-Behnken design methylene blue dye Adsorption

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Nonlinear Sliding manifold for High Performance Lateral Guidance of UAV

Nonlinear Sliding Manifold for High Performance Lateral Guid...

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第36届中国控制会议

作者： syed Ussama Ali Raza Samar m.Zamurad Shah Center of Excellence in Science and Applied Technologies （CESAT）

ISBN: (纸本)9781538629185

This paper presents a novel guidance algorithm for UAVs to follow a 2-D ground track by controlling the lateral cross track deviations. The guidance framework based on sliding mode theory is presented to solve the two dimensional path-following problem. To control the lateral track error of the vehicle during flight, the guidance algorithm generates reference bank angle commands for the vehicle control system i.e., by executing roll maneuvers. Novel nonlinear high performance sliding surface is proposed to reduce the lateral cross track error efficiently. Subsequently, 1storder sliding mode guidance logic is then devised using the proposed manifold for generating reference bank angle commands. Stability of the proposed nonlinear manifold is proved using Lyapunov *** boundedness is proved to avoid saturation of control signals. Effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is shown via simulation results for a research scaled YAK-54 UAV. Different scenarios（consisting of both small and large lateral errors）in simulation validates the proposed guidance framework and illustrates the effectiveness of the algorithm.

关键词： manifolds Unmanned aerial vehicles Stability analysis Sliding mode control Kinematics Switches

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Towards Prevention of Sportsmen Burnout:Formal Analysis of Sub-Optimal Tournament Scheduling

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1509-1526页

作者： syed Rameez Naqvi Adnan Ahmad S.m.Riazul Islam Tallha Akram m.Abdullah-Al-Wadud Atif Alamri Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusWah47040Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Software Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Research Chair of Pervasive and mobile Computing King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

Scheduling a sports tournament is a complex optimization problem,which requires a large number of hard constraints to *** the availability of several such constraints in the literature,there remains a gap sincemost of the new sports events pose their own unique set of requirements,and demand novel *** talking of the strictly time bound events,ensuring fairness between the different teams in terms of their rest days,traveling,and the number of successive games they play,becomes a difficult task to resolve,and demands *** this work,we present a similar situation with a recently played sports event,where a suboptimal schedule favored some of the sides more than the *** introduce various competitive parameters to draw a fairness comparison between the sides and propose a weighting criterion to point out the sides that enjoyed this schedule more than the ***,we use root mean squared error between an ideal schedule and the actual ones for each side to determine unfairness in the distribution of rest days across their entire *** latter is crucial,since successively playing a large number of games may lead to sportsmen burnout,which must be prevented.

关键词： Sports scheduling optimization constraint programming fatigue analysis

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Bioactivity of seagrass against the dengue fever mosquito Aedes aegypti larvae

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第7期2卷 570-573页

作者： m syed Ali S Ravikumar J margaret Beula School of marine Sciences Division of Marine Microbiology and MedicineDepartment of Oceanography and Costal Area StudiesAlagappa UniversityThondi Campus Department of Chemistry Scott Christian College(Autonomous)

Objective:To identify the larvieidal activity of the seagrass ***:Seagrass extracts,Syringodium isoelifolium(.***),Cymodocea serrulata and Hulophila beccarii,were dissolved in DmSO to prepare a graded series of *** of 25 early 4th instars larvae of Aedes aegypti(***) were transferred to 250 *** bowl containing199 mL of distilled water and 1 mL of plant extracts(0.01 mg- 0.1 mg).After 24 h the mortality rate was identified with the formulae[(%of lest mortality-%of control mortality)/(100-%of control morlality)]× *** experiment was conducted with three replicates and a concurrent control group.A control group consisted of 1 mL of DmSO and 199 mL of distilled water ***:The root extract of *** showed maximum larvicidal activity with minimum concentration of extract of LC_(50)= 0.0604 ± 0.0040)μg/mL with lower confidence limit(LCL)-upper confidence limit(UCL) =(0.051-0.071) and LC_(90)=0.0972 μg/mL followed by leaf extract of *** showed LC_(50)=(0.062 ± 0.005)μ'g/*** regression equation of pool and leaf extract of *** for4th instar larvae were Y =4.909- 1.32x(R^2= 0.909) and Y= 2.066+ 1.2x(R^2 =0.897) *** results of the preliminary photochemical constituents shows the presence of saponin,steroids,terpenoid,phenols,protein and ***:from the present study the ethanolic extracts of seagrass of *** possesses lead compound for development of larvieidal activity.

关键词： Aedes aegypti Bioinsecticides Dengue fever Larvicides Seagrass Syringodium isoetifolium Cymodocea serrulata Halophila beccarii mosquito Extract

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UAV Lateral Path Following: Nonlinear Sliding manifold for Limited Actuation

UAV Lateral Path Following: Nonlinear Sliding Manifold for L...

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第36届中国控制会议

作者： syed Ussama Ali Raza Samar m.Zamurad Shah Center of Excellence in Science and Applied Technologies (CESAT)

ISBN: (纸本)9781538629185

The lateral guidance objective is to derive the cross track error towards zero with graceful and stable maneuvers and then to keep it as minimum as possible. A nonlinear sliding surface based lateral guidance scheme is proposed here for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs) application with limited actuation. Following the inner(control) and outer(guidance)loop structure, the proposed guidance scheme resides in outer loop and generates reference bank angle commands for the inner control loop. The proposed 1 order SmC algorithm based on nonlinear sliding surface is derived using the kinematic equations for bank-to-turn vehicles. mathematical proof of existence of sliding mode and actuation boundedness of the closed-loop is also provided. The proposed guidance and control system performance is verified via simulation results for different scenario. A high fidelity nonlinear 6-degrees-offreedom(6-dof) scaled Yak-54 UAV mathematical model is used for flight simulations. Simulation results validated the effectiveness and performance of the proposed lateral guidance scheme.

关键词： Stability analysis Unmanned aerial vehicles manifolds Actuators mathematical model Sliding mode control Robustness

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