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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第11期27卷 1449-1461页

作者： subhnit K.Roy Deepak Nayak Nilima Dash Nikhil Dhawan swagat s.rath Mineral Processing Department CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials TechnologyBhubaneswar 751013India Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkee 247667India

The microwave-assisted reduction behaviours of two low-grade iron ores having a similar Fe content of 49wt%but distinctly different mineralogical and liberation characteristics were *** performances in terms of the iron grade and recovery as obtained from statistically designed microwave(MW)roasting followed by low-intensity magnetic separation(LIMs)experiments were *** respective optimum conditions,the titano-magnetite ore(O1)could yield an iron concentrate of 62.57%Fe grade and 60.01%Fe recovery,while the goethitic ore(O2)could be upgraded to a concentrate of 64.4%Fe grade and 33.3%Fe *** with the goethitic ore,the titanomagnetite ore responded better to MW *** characterization studies of the feed and roasted products obtained at different power and time conditions using X-ray diffraction,optical microscopy,vibrating-sample magnetometry,and electron-probe microanalysis explain the sequential reduction in the iron oxide ***,taking advantage of the MW absorbing character of the titano-magnetite ore,a blend of the same with the goethite-rich ore at a weight ratio of 60:40(O2:O1)was subjected to MW roasting that resulted in a concentrate of 61.57%Fe grade with a Fe recovery of 64.47%.

关键词： microwave reduction roasting titano-magnetite ore goethitic ore magnetic separation

Evaluation of VsK separation in the classification of two mineralogically different iron ore fines

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第2期30卷 260-270页

作者： Deepak Nayak Tonmoy Kundu Nilima Dash shiva Kumar I.Angadi s.K.Chaurasiya G.E.sreedhar T.V.s.subrahmanyam swagat s.rath Mineral Processing Department CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials TechnologyBhubaneswar 751013India R&D Centre National Mineral Development Corporation LimitedHyderabad 500028India

With gradually diminishing Fe grade in tandem with the ever-increasing demand for high-grade iron ores,iron ore industries are now focusing on the beneficiation of low-grade iron ore fines,mainly considered ***,the scarcity of water at many of the mines’sites and the new water conservation policies of the governments have necessitated research on suitable dry beneficiation *** this context,an effort has been made to evaluate the efficacy of a dry classification unit,such as the VsK separator,in upgrading the iron values of two low-grade Indian iron ore fines,named sample 1 and sample *** mineralogical studies,involving scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction,suggest that sample 1 is a low-grade blue dust sample(51.2wt%Fe)containing hematite and quartz as the major minerals,while sample 2(53.3wt%Fe)shows the presence of goethite in addition to hematite and *** experiments,carried out using Box-Benkhen statistical design,indicate that blower speed,followed by feed rate,is the most influencing operating parameter in obtaining a good product in the VsK *** optimum levels of the operating factors,a fines product with~55wt%Fe at a yield of~40%can be obtained from sample 1,while sample 2 can be upgraded to~56wt%Fe at a yield of~85%.The results suggest that the VsK separator can be employed as an efficient intermediate unit operation in a processing circuit to upgrade the iron contents of iron ore fines.

关键词： iron ore fines dry beneficiation VsK separator Box–Behnken design

Bioleaching of copper from pre and post thermally activated low grade chalcopyrite contained ball mill spillage

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2013年第2期7卷 281-293页

作者： sandeep PANDA Nilotoala PRADHAN Umaballav MOHAPATRA sandeep K. PANDA swagat s.rath Danda s. RAO Bansi D. NAYAK Lala B. sUKLA Barada K. MIsHRA CsIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology Bhubaneswar 751013 India Department of Botany North Orissa University Baripada 757003 India Regional Center of Central Tuber Crops Research Institute Bhubaneswar 751019 India

Bioleaching of a low grade chalcopyrite （ball mill spillage material） was tested for copper recovery in shake flasks. The original samples （as received） were thermally activated （600℃, 30 min） to notice the change in physico-chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the host rock and subsequently its effect on copper recovery. A mixed culture of acidophilic chemolithotrophic bacterial consortium predominantly entailing Acidithiobacillus fer- rooxidans strain was used for bioleaching studies and optimization of process parameters of both original and thermally activated samples. Mineralogical characteriza- tion studies indicated the presence of chalcopyrite, pyrite in the silicate matrix of the granitic rock. Field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with Energy dispersive spectroscopy （FEsEM-EDs） and X-ray Fluor- escence （XRF） analysis indicated mostly siO2. With pH 2, pulp density 10% w/v, inoculum 10% v/v, temperature 30~C, 150 ***-~, 49% copper could be recovered in 30 days from the finest particle size （- 1 ~ 0.75 mm） of the original spillage sample. Under similar conditions 95% copper could be recovered from the thermally activated sample with the same size fraction in 10 days. The study revealed that thermal activation leads to volume expansion in the rock with the development of cracks, micro and macro pores on its surface, thereby enabling bacterial solution to penetrate more easily into the body, facilitating enhanced copper dissolution.

关键词： ball mill spillage thermal activation bioleaching copper

Mineralogy, liberation and leaching characteristics of iron oxide phases in an Indian diaspore sample

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals society of China 2018年第8期28卷 1640-1651页

作者： Danda srinivas RAO swagat s.rath Nilima DAsH swagatika MOHANTY surendra K.BIsWAL Council of scientific and Industrial Research Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology

The removal of iron from an Indian diaspore sample was studied using magnetic separation and leaching techniques aided by an in-depth mineralogical characterization study involving quantitative mineralogical evaluation by scanning electron microscope（QEMsCAN）, electron probe micro-analyzer（EPMA） and X-ray diffraction（XRD）. The characterization studies indicate that extremely fine-sized hematite grains are associated with several other mineral phases in a complex manner with around 60% of the hematite not liberated even below the size of 38 μm limiting the scope of physical separation processes to remove the iron. Wet high intensity magnetic separation（WHIMs） studies reveal that only 49% of iron can be removed. Further, leaching studies using oxalic acid suggest that around 76% of the iron can be removed under conditions such as a solid to liquid ratio of 0.05：1, a temperature of 90 ℃ a time period of 120 min and an acid concentration of 1 mol/L. The dissolution of iron in oxalic acid is found to be controlled by chemical reaction and the activation energy is calculated as 35.15 k J/mol.

关键词： diaspore liberation mineralogy leaching magnetic separation

Dolochar as a reductant in the reduction roasting of iron ore slimes

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第12期24卷 1341-1351页

作者： swagat s. rath Danda srinivas Rao Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology Council of Scientific&Industrial ResearchBhubaneswar 751013India

The present investigation examines the viability of dolochar, a sponge iron industry waste material, as a reductant in the reduction roasting of iron ore slimes, which are another waste generated by iron ore beneficiation plants. Under statistically determined optimum conditions, which include a temperature of 900°C, a reductant-to-feed mass ratio of 0.35, and a reduction time of 30–45 min, the roasted mass, after being subjected to low-intensity magnetic separation, yielded an iron ore concentrate of approximately 64 wt% Fe at a mass recovery of approximately 71% from the feed iron ore slime assaying 56.2 wt% Fe. X-ray diffraction analyses indicated that the magnetic products contain magnetite and hematite as the major phases, whereas the nonmagnetic fractions contain quartz and hematite.

关键词： iron ore slime reduction roasting dolochar reductant magnetic separation

Optimization of flotation variables for the recovery of hematite particles from BHQ ore

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第7期20卷 605-611页

作者： swagat s. rath Hrushikesh sahoo B. Das CsIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology Bhubaneswar 751 013 India

The technology for beneficiation of banded iron ores containing low iron value is a challenging task due to increasing demand of quality iron ore in India. A flotation process has been developed to treat one such ore, namely banded hematite quartzite （BHQ） containing 41.8wt% Fe and 41.5wt% siO2,by using oleic acid, methyl isobutyl carbinol （MIBC）, and sodium silicate as the collector, frother, and dispersant, respectively. The relative effects of these variables have been evaluated in half-normal plots and Pareto charts using central composite rotatable design. A quadratic response model has been developed for both Fe grade and recovery and optimized within the experimental range. The optimum reagent dosages are found to be as follows： collector concentration of 243.58 g/t, dispersant concentration of 195.67 g/t, pH 8.69, and conditioning time of 4.8 min to achieve the maximum Fe grade of 64.25% with 67.33% recovery. The predictions of the model with regard to iron grade and recovery are in good agreement with the experimental results.

关键词： hematite iron ore treatment flotation metal recovery design of experiments mathematical models opti-mization

statistical Modeling studies of Iron Recovery from Red Mud Using Thermal Plasma

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Plasma science and Technology 2013年第5期15卷 459-464页

作者： swagat s. rath Archana PANY K. JAYAsANKAR Ajit K. MITRA C. sATIsH KUMAR Partha s. MUKHERJEE Barada K. MIsHRA Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology (CsIR) Vedanta Alumina Limited Lanjigarh

Optimization studies of plasma smelting of red mud were carried out. Reduction of the dried red mud fines was done in an extended arc plasma reactor to recover the pig iron. Lime grit and low ash metallurgical （LAM） coke were used as the flux and reductant, respectively. 2level factorial design was used to study the influence of all parameters on the responses. Response surface modeling was done with the data obtained from statistically designed experiments. Metal recovery at optimum parameters was found to be 79.52%.

关键词： plasma response surface modeling red mud design of experiments optimiza-tion

Phytochemical Profiling and Bioactivity of A Mangrove Plant,sonneratia apetala,from Odisha Coast of India

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第4期21卷 274-285页

作者： Jayanta Kumar Patra swagat Kumar Das Hrudayanath Thatoi Department of Biotechnology College of Engineering and TechnologyBiju Patnaik University of Technology school of Biotechnology Yeungnam University

Objective： To test the antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer and antibacterial activities along with phytochemicals of sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. Methods： The antibacterial activity was determined by agar well diffusion method. The antioxidant activity was determined by standard assay. The antidiabetic activity was evaluated by α-glucosidase inhibition assay and in vivo anticancer property was determined against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma （EAC） cells in swiss Albino mice. Further partial characterization of the methanol extracts was carried out by thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Fourier transform-infra red spectrum spectral analysis. Results： Four solvent extracts （acetone, ethanol, methanol and aqueous） of leaf and bark possess strong antioxidant properties. In vivo anticancer activity of methanol extract leaf indicated positive activity showing 34% inhibition against EAC cells in swiss Albino mice. All extracts exhibited a-glucosidase inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner indicating presence of promising antidiabetic properties. The extracts possess strong antibacterial activity against the selected pathogenic bacteria （minimal inhibitory concentration ranging from 1.25-5.00 mg/mL）. The partial characterization of the methanol extracts of leaf and bark revealed the presence of phenolics as the lead compound responsible for studied bioactivities of the plant extracts. Conclusion： sonneratia apetala extracts have potent antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer properties which can be further exploited for its pharmaceutical applications.

关键词： bioactive compounds chromatography Ehrlich ascites carcinoma mangrove sonneratia apetala

Embryology of Maldives Clownfish, Amphiprion nigripes (Amphiprioninae)

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2012年第2期11卷 174-180页

作者： swagat Ghosh Thipramalai Thankappanpillai Ajith Kumar Thangavel Balasubramanian Centre of Advanced study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine SciencesAnnamalai UniversityParangipettai-608502Tamil NaduIndia

This study investigated the embryonic development of Maldives clownfish Amphiprion nigripes under natural conditions (28 - 30℃) at a lagoon of Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, India. The newly deposited fish egg was capsule-shaped and orange-red, with a (0.73 ± 0.04) mm3 yolk containing 5 - 10 fat globules. The embryonic development of fertilized eggs was divided into 26 stages and the time elapsing for each stage was recorded. Results showed that the cleavage was rapid, with the first division observed 1 h 20 min after fertilization. Blastulation occurred 4 h later, followed by gastrulation 12 h after fertilization, with a yolk volume of (0.61 ± 0.06) mm3. The organogenesis process started 22 h after fertilization when the blastopores closed and notochord formation began. The embryonic stage was recorded 24 h later, with the appearance of forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain, melanophores on yolk-sac and 22 somites, and a decreased yolk volume of (0.54 ± 0.08) mm3. Other organs developed well 31 h after fertilization, whereas the heart started beating and blood circulation began 78 h later. Red pigmentation (erytrophores) appeared 96 h after fertilization, with a small yolk volume of (0.22 ± 0.02) mm3. Mouth developed well and eyes were noticeable 120 h later, with head, pectoral fin and tail frequently moving 144 h after fertilization. The embryo reached the pre-hatching stage 168 h later and started to hatch after 170 - 180 h incubation. This study first detailed the embryonic development and yolk absorption of A. nigripes under natural conditions.

关键词： Amphiprion nigripes clownfish embryonic development spawning yolk volume

Breeding and mass scale rearing of clownfish Amphiprion percula: feeding and rearing in brackishwater

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2012年第4期30卷 528-534页

作者： DHANEEsH Kottila Veettil AJITH KUMAR Thipramalai Thankappan swagat Ghosh BALAsUBRAMANIAN Thangavel Centre of Advanced study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine Sciences Annamalai University

Breeding and mass scale larval rearing of clownfish Amphiprion percula is very limited in brackishwater. We designed an indoor program of A. percula culture in brackishwater with a salinity of 24±1, during which the impacts of feed type, water temperature, and light intensity, on the efficiency of its reproduction, were revealed. The fish were accommodated along with sea anemones in fibre glass tanks to determine the influence of brooder diet on breeding efficiency. Higher reproductive efficiency [number of eggs laid （276±22.3 eggs）] was observed when fish were fed live Acetes sp. rather than clam （204±16.4 eggs）, trash fish （155±12 eggs） and formulated feed （110±10 eggs）. The spawning rate was increased during september and October （water temperature, 28.74±0.55℃） on average of 2.4 spawning per month; and low spawning rate was in January （water temperature, 24.55±0.45℃） on average of I spawning per month. Among three light intensities （100, 500, and 900 1x） set to evaluate larval survival rate, larvae showed the highest survival rate （65.5%） at 900 lx. The breeding method specifically in brackishwater developed in the present study is a new approach, will help the people from the regions of estuary and backwater to enhance their livelihood and it will lead to reduce the exploitation from the wild habitat.

关键词： Amphiprion percula brackishwater feed larval rearing light intensity