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A fossil-calibrated relaxed clock for Ephedra indicates an Oligocene age for the divergence of Asian and New World clades and Miocene dispersal into south America

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Journal of systematics and Evolution 2009年第5期47卷 444-456页

作者： stefanie M.ICKERT-BOND Catarina RYDIN susanne s.renner University of Alaska UA Museum of the North Herbarium and Institute of Arctic Biology Institute of systematic Botany University of Zurich University of Munich Systematic Botany and Mycology

Ephedra comprises approximately 50 species,which are roughly equally distributed between the Old and New World deserts,but not in the intervening regions(amphitropical range).Great heterogeneity in the substitution rates of Gnetales(Ephedra,Gnetum,and Welwitschia) has made it difficult to infer the ages of the major divergence events in Ephedra,such as the timing of the Beringian disjunction in the genus and the entry into south ***,we use data from as many Gnetales species and genes as available from GenBank and from a recent study to investigate the timing of the major divergence *** of the tradeoff between the amount of missing data and taxon/gene sampling,we reduced the initial matrix of 265 accessions and 12 loci to 95 accessions and 10 loci,and further to 42 species(and 7736 aligned nucleotides) to achieve stationary distributions in the Bayesian molecular clock *** from a relaxed clock with an uncorrelated rates model and fossil-based calibration reveal that New World species are monophyletic and diverged from their mostly Asian sister clade some 30 mya,fitting with many other Beringian *** split between the single North American and the single south American clade occurred approximately 25 mya,well before the closure of the Panamanian ***,the biogeographic history of Ephedra appears dominated by long-distance dispersal,but finer-scale studies are needed to test this hypothesis.

关键词： biogeography Ephedra relaxed molecular clock dating uncorrelated rates model.

New calculations indicate that 90% of flowering plant species are animal-pollinated

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National science Review 2023年第10期10卷 17-19页

作者： Ze-Yu Tong Ling-Yun Wu Hui-Hui Feng Meng Zhang W.scott Armbruster susanne s.renner shuang-Quan Huang Institute of Evolution and Ecology School of Life Sciences Central China Normal University Faculty of Resources and Environmental science Hubei University school of Biological sciences University of Portsmouth Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska Fairbanks Department of Biology Washington University

The services of animal pollinators that deliver compatible pollen to receptive stigmas are essential for the reproduction of many flowering plants [1,2].The maintenance of plant-pollinator interactions,therefore,is the basis for the function and sustainability of healthy *** this reason, there has been widespread concern over the past two decades about the global decline in pollinators and the effects of this loss on pollination services for both wild plants and crops [3,4].

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全基因组数据揭示麻核桃走向了进化的死胡同

全基因组数据揭示麻核桃走向了进化的死胡同

Experienced Involvement (ExIn) in social-Psychiatric Care of Germany-Challenges and Chances

首届植物科学前沿学术大会

作者：章为平曹磊林莘蕊丁亚梅梁钰张大勇庞尔丽 susanne s.renner 白伟宁北京师范大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室华盛顿大学生物系

虽然杂交在物种形成中发挥了很大的作用,但一些未知的杂交个体永远不会继续往下繁殖,而是走向了遗传的死胡同。我们研究了一种在形态上独特、文化上重要的中国核桃——麻核桃(Juglans hopeiensis),它可能是由核桃(J. regia)和亚洲白核桃... 详细信息

虽然杂交在物种形成中发挥了很大的作用,但一些未知的杂交个体永远不会继续往下繁殖,而是走向了遗传的死胡同。我们研究了一种在形态上独特、文化上重要的中国核桃——麻核桃(Juglans hopeiensis),它可能是由核桃(J. regia)和亚洲白核桃(J. cathayensis、JcJm杂交群和J. mandshurica)同倍体杂交物种形成。通过麻核桃及其假定亲本的151个体重测序数据的种群遗传学分析结果,我们发现所有的麻核桃个体实际上均为杂交一代(F1),其杂交所发生的时间约为37万年前(中更新世)。这表明麻核桃存在较强的合子后生殖隔离,以及在37万年前麻核桃的其中一个亲本核桃在中国就已经有分布。此外,我们推断在6个大的染色体倒位区域富集到的与花粉萌发和花粉管生长相关的生物学过程可能参与了麻核桃有性生殖的合子后生殖隔离。尽管麻核桃很早就已经出现,形态特征也很明显,但却没有走在物种形成的路上。

关键词：核桃杂交基因流物种形成染色体重排合子后生殖障碍

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sociology study 2024年第3期14卷 129-142页

作者： susanne Iris Bauer Fulda University of Applied sciences FuldaGermany

This study explores the integration of Experienced Involvement(ExIn)in social-psychiatric care in Germany,emphasizing both the challenges and opportunities it *** European Leonardo da Vinci Project(2005-2007)established a curriculum for ExIn,promoting participatory structures in psychiatric *** peer support is well-established in other European countries,Germany’s experience is still *** research uses a mixed methods design,combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews,to investigate the professional experiences of ExIn recovery companions and team colleagues in German clinics and support *** findings reveal numerous benefits:for social-psychiatric services,ExIn enhances service quality,inclusivity,and accessibility;for team colleagues,it fosters reflexivity,hope,and trust,and improves self-care;for service users,it provides empowerment,easy access to support,trust,and hope,and offers credible role *** these benefits,challenges such as stigmatization,lack of recognition,and financial constraints remain and require to be *** study highlights the need and provides implications for a dedicated and inclusive approach to effectively implementing ExIn,ultimately enriching psychiatric care through experiential knowledge and reducing prejudice within mental health services.

关键词： peer involvement professionalized peer support social psychiatry inclusion education of social works

Epidural pressure measurement using a fiber-optic sensor(proof-of-principle in vivo animal trial)

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第5期 769-776页

作者： susanne Barz Marvin Friedemann sebastian Voigt Markus Melloh Thomas Barz Department of Anaesthesiology Intensive Care Medicine and Pain TherapyRostock University Medical CenterUniversit?tsmedizin Rostock Chemnitz University of Technology school of Public Health and social Work Queensland University of Technology Orthopedic Department University of Greifswald

Background: An increase in epidural pressure around the stenosis has been observed in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis(Lss) with positive signs of sedimentation or redundant nerve roots. Further analysis of the pressure conditions in the stenotic area would be of great interest. We hypothesized that it would be possible to determine the physiological parameters of the epidural pulse wave and its course in pathological stenosis as a basis for objective identification of Lss based on pressure using a new measuring method with continuous spatial and temporal resolution. Methods: We performed a single-case proof-of-principle in vivo animal trial and used a newly developed hybrid pressure-measurement probe with a fiber-tip Fabry–Pérot interferometer and several fiber Bragg gratings(FBG). Results: With reproducible precision, we determined the mean epidural pressure to be 7.5 mmHg and the peak-to-peak value to be 4–5 mmHg. When analyzing the pressure measured by an FBG array, both the heart and respiratory rates can be precisely determined. This study was the first to measure the pulse wave velocity of the cerebrospinal fluid pressure wave as 0.97 m/s using the newly developed pressure probe. A simulated Lss was detected in real time and located exactly. Conclusions: The developed fiber-optic pressure sensor probe enables a new objective measurement of epidural pressure. We confirmed our hypothesis that physiological parameters of the epidural pulse wave can be determined and that it is possible to identify an Lss.

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Understanding intrarenal backflow: Intrarenal pressure during ureteroscopy and beyond

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 139-142页

作者： Palle J.s.Osther susanne s.Osther Maria P.Hesselholt sofia Byllov søren K.Lildal Louise F.Øbro Helene Jung Urological Research Center Department of UrologyVejle Hospital(a part of Lillebaelt Hospital)University Hospital of Southern DenmarkVejleDenmark Department of Regional Health Research University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark

The number of ureterorenoscopic procedures for upper urinary tract stone management has increased dramatically during recent years worldwide[1].Developments in flexible ureteroscope and laser technology have made it possible to successfully address larger and more complex stone scenarios *** the other hand,this means that more and more patients are exposed to the potential adverse effects of ureteroscopy[2].In general,ureteroscopy is considered a safe ***,serious complications and even deaths do occur,and these events are most likely underreported[3,4].

关键词： beyond likely ureter

Distortions in focusing laser pulses due to spatio-temporal couplings:an analytic description

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High Power Laser science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 20-40页

作者： Klaus steiniger Fabia Dietrich Daniel Albach Michael Bussmann Arie Irman Markus Loeser Richard Pausch Thomas Püschel Roland sauerbrey susanne schöbel Ulrich schramm Mathias siebold Karl Zeil Alexander Debus Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf DresdenGermany CAsUs-Center for Advanced systems Understanding GörlitzGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany

In ultra-short laser pulses,small changes in dispersion properties before the final focusing mirror can lead to severe pulse distortions around the focus and therefore to very different pulse properties at the point of laser±matter interaction,yielding unexpected interaction *** mapping between far-and near-field laser properties intricately depends on the spatial and angular dispersion properties as well as the focal *** a focused Gaussian laser pulse under the influence of angular,spatial and group-delay dispersion,we derive analytical expressions for its pulse-front tilt,duration and width from a fully analytic expression for its electric field in the time±space domain obtained with scalar diffraction *** expression is not only valid in and near the focus but also along the entire propagation distance from the focusing mirror to the *** relating angular,spatial and group-delay dispersion before focusing at an off-axis parabola,where they are well measurable,to the respective values in the pulse’s focus are obtained by a ray tracing ***,these formulas are used to show in example setups that the pulse-front tilts of lasers with small initial dispersion can become several tens of degrees larger in the vicinity of the focus while being small directly in the *** formulas derived here provide the analytical foundation for observations previously made in numerical *** numerically simulating Gaussian pulse propagation and measuring properties of the pulse at distances several Rayleigh lengths off the focus,we verify the analytic expressions.

关键词： group-delay dispersion pulse-front tilt spatio-temporal couplings third-order dispersion ultra-short laser pulses

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Dysfunction of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)increases the risk of obesity

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2298-2311页

作者： Heba ZabriTorsten schöneberg AndréNguyen Dietzsch Hadi Al-Hasani Joachim Altschmied Katharina Bottermann Jana Brendler Judith Haendeler susanne Horn Isabell Kaczmarek Antje Körner Kerstin Krause Kathrin Landgraf Diana Le Duc Laura Lehmann stefan Lehr stephanie Pick Albert Ricken Rene schnorr Angela schulz Martina strnadová Akhil Velluva Heba Zabri Torsten schöneberg Doreen Thor simone Prömel Rudolf schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry Medical FacultyGerman Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany German Center for Diabetes Research(DZD e.V.) Munich-NeuherbergGermany Cardiovascular Degeneration Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Cardiovascular Research Institute(CARID) Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Pharmacology Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Anatomy Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Center for Pediatric Research Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research(HI-MAG)of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Endocrinology NephrologyRheumatologyLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Human Genetics Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Cell Biology Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany school of Medicine University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda

Obesity is one of the diseases with severe health consequences and rapidly increasing worldwide *** the complex network of food intake and energy balance regulation is an essential prerequisite for pharmacological intervention with obesity.G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs)are among the main modulators of metabolism and energy ***,for instance,regulate appetite and satiety in certain hypothalamic neurons,as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hormone secretion from *** in some GPCRs,such as the melanocortin receptor type 4(MC4R),have been associated with early-onset ***,we identified the adhesion GPCR latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)as a member of the regulating network governing food intake and the maintenance of energy *** of the highly conserved receptor in mice results in increased food consumption and severe obesity,accompanied by dysregulation of glucose ***,we identified a partially inactivating mutation in human ADGRL1/LPHN1 in a patient suffering from ***,we propose that LPHN1 dysfunction is a risk factor for obesity development.

关键词： obesity metabolism intake

Interaction of a root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne hapla) and plant intraspecific diversity in clover-grass communities

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第1期12卷 1-9页

作者： Xiaohui Guo Jana s.Petermann susanne Wurst Dahlem Centre of Plant sciences Institute of BiologyFreie Universität BerlinKönigin-Luise-Str.1-3Berlin D-14195Germany Key Laboratory of Biological and Ecological Engineering Ministry of EducationInstitute of Biodiversity ScienceFudan UniversitySonghu Road 2005Shanghai 200438China Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research Altensteinstr.34Berlin D-14195Germany Department of Ecology and Evolution University of SalzburgHellbrunnerstr.34Salzburg 5020Austria

Aims soil organisms can influence the plant diversity-productivity rela-tionship at species level;however,little is known about their role in the relationship at an intraspecific *** study aimed to investigate the interaction between the effects of plant intraspe-cific diversity and a root-knot nematode on primary production and community *** A greenhouse experiment was conducted by using intraspecific diversity of a clover-grass community through sowing 2-,4-,8-and 16-cultivar mixtures of Trifolium pratense *** Lolium perenne *** by adding the nematode Meloidogyne *** investigated the effects of plant intraspecific diversity and *** on biomass of plant community,biomass of cultivar individuals and community *** Findings We found that *** dominated the communities,yet its bio-mass was not affected by the *** hapla influ-enced the effect of plant intraspecific diversity on aboveground biomass of *** at the four-cultivar mixture level of plant intraspecific *** evenness increased linearly with increasing plant intraspecific diversity,and *** affected community evenness at the four-cultivar mixture *** ***-ense and *** cultivars differed in aboveground *** on plant intraspecific diversity and cultivar identity,nematode addition positively affected the aboveground biomass of *** *** response of *** cultivars to *** and to various plant intraspecific diversity levels influenced the intraspecific diversity-productivity *** study high-lights the influence of *** on the effect of plant intraspecific diversity on aboveground biomass of ***,suggesting that future research on the impact of intraspecific plant diversity on eco-system functions should consider the effects of soil organisms.

关键词： nematode diversity-productivity relationship biomass legume-grass community