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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2007年第3期5卷 256-259页

作者： Edward m.smith Jack Littrell michael Olivier Human and molecular Genetics Center Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA.

High-throughput SNP genotyping platforms use automated genotype calling algorithms to assign genotypes. While these algorithms work efficiently for individual platforms, they are not compatible with other platforms, and have individual biases that result in missed genotype calls. Here we present data on the use of a second complementary SNP genotype clustering algorithm. The algorithm was originally designed for individual fluorescent SNP genotyping assays, and has been optimized to permit the clustering of large datasets generated from custom-designed Affymetrix SNP panels. In an analysis of data from a 3K array genotyped on 1,560 samples, the additional analysis increased the overall number of genotypes by over 45,000, significantly improving the completeness of the experimental data. This analysis suggests that the use of multiple genotype calling algorithms may be advisable in high-throughput SNP genotyping experiments. The software is written in Perl and is available from the corresponding author.

关键词： clustering SNP genotyping algorithm

DEEP-UV CONFOCAL FLUORESCENCE ImAGING AND SUPER-RESOLUTION OPTICAL mICROSCOPY OF BIOLOGICAL SAmPLES

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2012年第4期5卷 24-32页

作者： TREVOR A.smith LIISA m.HIRVONEN CRAIG N.LINCOLN XIAOTAO HAO School of Chemistry and ARC Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science University of Melbourne Parkville 3010Australia

A wide range of techniques has been developed to image biological samples at high spatial and temporal *** this paper,we report recent results from deep-UV confocal fAuorescence microscopy to image inherent emission from fuorophores such as tryptophan,and structured ilumination microscopy(SIm)of biological *** motivation for developing deep-UV fhuorescence imaging and SIm is to provide methods to complement our measurements in the emerging field of X-ray coherent diffractive imaging.

关键词： Time resolved fuorescence imaging structured ilumnina tion microscopy

Chemosensory response in stunted prairie rattlesnakes Crotalus viridis viridis

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Current Zoology 2013年第2期59卷 175-179页

作者： Anthony J. SAVIOLA David CHISZAR Hobart m. smith Stephen EmACKESSY School of Biological Sciences University of Northern Colorado Greeley CO 80639 USA. Department of Psychology University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA

Rattlesnakes use chemical stimuli in ambush site selection and for relocation of envenomated prey through atrike-induced chemosensory searching. Shifts in responsiveness to prey chemicals have been documented in many snakes, and often correlate with prey commonly taken as snakes increase in age and size as well as geographical locations of the species. For instance, neonate rattlesnakes that prey primarily on ectotherms responded most strongly to chemical cues of commonly taken lizard prey, whereas adult rattlesnakes that prey primarily on small mammals responded significantly to chemical cues of com- monly taken rodents. In the current study, 11 Prairie Rattlesnakes Crotalus viridis viridis which were classified as large neonates based on measures of snout-vent length （SVL） and body mass, yet chronologically were at or near adulthood, were tested for their responsiveness to chemical extracts of natural and non-natural prey items. Although the snakes had eaten only neonate lab mice （mus musculus）, they responded significantly more to chemical cues of natural prey items and particularly to chemical cues of prey normally taken by subadults （Peromyscus mice and Sceloporus lizard）. These results suggest that ontogenetic shifts in re- sponsiveness to natural prey chemical cues are innately programmed and are not based on body size or feeding experience in C. v. viridis. This does not imply, however, that growth and experience are without effects, especially with novel prey or rare prey that have experienced recent population expansion [Current Zoology 59 （2）： 175-179, 2013].

关键词： Chemical cues Chemoreception Crotalus viridis viridis Prey choice Vomeronasal

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World Journal of Nephrology 2023年第3期12卷 66-72页

作者： maulik K Lathiya Praveen Errabelli Salvatore mignano susan m Cullinan Department of Emergency medicine Mayo Clinic Health SystemEau ClaireWI 54703United States Department of Nephrology Mayo Clinic Health SystemEau ClaireWI 54703United States Department of Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease with a range of clinical manifestations,from a flu-like illness with fever and myalgias to a severe systemic disease with multisystem organ *** renal involvement is not a common presentation,there have been few cases reporting acute kidney injury from *** SUmmARY We present a 55-year-old female with anaplasmosis who developed acute kidney injury due to membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis(mPGN).The patient originally presented with cough and shortness of *** was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of community acquired pneumonia and received *** the hospital course she developed severe acute renal *** serological work up didn’t provide any conclusive ***,she underwent kidney biopsy which showed mPGN pattern suggesting autoimmune,multiple myeloma or infectious *** work up was undertaken which was negative for autoimmune diseases,vasculitis panel,paraproteinemias but tested positive for IgG anaplasma with high titers indicating *** Our case shows a unique presentation of severe acute renal failure from mPGN from tick borne *** is usually seen with autoimmune diseases,hepatitis C virus infections,***,we suggest that tick borne illness should also be considered when evaluating acute renal failure cases in tick borne prevalent regions.

关键词： Acute kidney injury membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Tick-borne Anaplasmosis Case report

Response of saproxylic insect communities to logging history, tree species, stage of decay, and wood posture in the central Nearctic boreal forest

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第5期29卷 1365-1377页

作者： R.W.James Dennis Jay R.malcolm Sandy m.smith m.Isabel Bellocq Faculty of Forestry University of Toronto 33 Willcocks St.Toronto ON M5S 3B3 Canada Departamento de Ecología Genética y EvoluciónFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires and IEGEBA (CONICET)Buenos Aires Argentina

Saproxylic insect assemblages are essential functional components of forest ecosystems that can be affected by forest *** used a split-plot ANOVA design to analyze differences in selected saproxylic insects（all arthropod orders and dipteran and parasitic hymenopteran families） emerging from dead wood of sites with different logging histories（horse-logged,mechanically-logged and unlogged）,tree species（Populus and Picea）,stage of decay（early-and late-decay stages） and posture（standing and downed logs） in the boreal forest of central *** clear effects of logging history were seen for the studied taxa; however,interaction between logging history and other dead wood features was *** consistently emerged more from Populus than from Picea dead *** of the studied saproxylic families were more abundant in late-decay than in early-decay *** of the Cecidomyiidae,Ceratopogonidae,Empididae,mycetophilidae and Sciaridae families,and hymenopterans of the Diapriidae and Ichneumonidae families were significantly more abundant in downed than in standing dead *** contrast,mymaridae was most abundant in standing dead *** study provides evidence that some insects at high taxonomic levels respond differently to dead wood quality,and this could inform future management strategies in the boreal forest for the conservation of saproxylic fauna and their ecological functions.

关键词： Boreal forest Dead wood quality Forest harvesting High-level taxa Saproxylic insects

Epidemiology of ocular surface squamous neoplasia in veterans: a retrospective casecontrol study

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Eye and Vision 2019年第1期6卷 99-104页

作者： Logan m.smith Shiv Lamba Carol L.Karp Anat Galor miami Veterans Administration medical Center 1201 NW 16th StMiamiFL 33125USA Bascom Palmer Eye Institute Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of Miami900 NW 17th StreetMiamiFL 33136USA Flint Hill School OaktonVirginiaUSA

Background:A number of risk factors have been evaluated in ocular surface squamous neoplasia,but few studies have assessed risk factors specific to the armed forces veteran ***:We conducted a retrospective case-control study on 55 patients and 55 age-matched controls with biopsy-proven ocular surface squamous neoplasia from the miami Veterans Administration Hospital Eye Clinic to investigate potential risk factors encountered by veterans,including service-specific ***-specific risk factors included ionizing radiation exposure,Agent Orange exposure,deployment to Southwest Asia,and exposure to the series of biochemical warfare tests known as Project Shipboard Hazard and *** was analyzed with SPSS(SPSS Inc.,Chicago,IL)using t-tests,chi-squared,and logistic regression analysis,with a p-value ofmous neoplasia was lifetime sun exposure both directly assessed via historical quantification of exposure by dermatology practitioners(Odds Ratio(OR)5.4,95%Confidence Interval(CI)2.27–12.847,pmarkers of basal cell carcinoma(OR 3.157,95%CI 1.286–7.748,p=0.010)and pingueculae(OR 5.267,95%CI 2.104–13.186,pment were not associated with an increased risk of ocular surface squamous *** to ionizing radiation and involvement in Project Shipboard Hazard and Defense were not documented among any cases or ***:The results of our study are consistent with prior established risk factors,namely highlighting the important role of sun exposure in ocular surface squamous neoplasia among veterans.

关键词： Ocular surface squamous neoplasia Risk factors Veteran population

Developing an approach to assessing the political feasibility of global collective action and an international agreement on antimicrobial resistance

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Global Health Research and Policy 2016年第1期1卷 177-186页

作者： susan Rogers Van Katwyk marieÉvelyne Danik Ioana Pantis Rachel smith John-Arne Røttingen Steven J.Hoffman Global Strategy Lab Centre for Health LawPolicy&EthicsFaculty of LawUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada School of Epidemiology Public Healthand Preventive MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada Division of Infection Control&Environmental Health Norwegian Institute of Public HealthOsloNorway Department of Health and Society University of OsloOsloNorway Department of Clinical Epidemiology&Biostatistics and mcmaster Health Forum McMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada Department of Global Health&Population Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA

Background:Antimicrobial resistance(AmR)is a global *** trade,travel,agricultural practices,and environmental contamination all make it possible for resistant microbes to cross national *** collective action is needed in the form of an international agreement or other mechanism that brings states together at the negotiation table and commits them to adopt or implement policies to limit the spread of resistant *** article describes an approach to assessing whether political and stakeholder interests can align to commit to tackling ***:Two dimensions affecting political feasibility were selected and compared across 82 countries:1)states’global influence and 2)self-interest in addressing *** Bank GDP ranking was used as a proxy for global influence,while human antibiotic consumption(10-year percent change)was used as a proxy for self-interest in addressing *** used these data to outline a typology of four country archetypes,and discuss how these archetypes can be used to understand whether a proposed agreement may have sufficient support to be politically ***:Four types of countries exist within our proposed typology:1)wealthy countries who have the expertise and financial resources to push for global collective action on AmR,2)wealthy countries who need to act on AmR,3)countries who require external assistance to act on AmR,and 4)neutral countries who may support action where *** international agreement will require substantial support from countries of the first type to lead global action,and from countries of the second type who have large increasing antimicrobial consumption levels.A large number of barriers exist that could derail efforts towards global collective action on AmR;issues of capacity,infrastructure,regulation,and stakeholder interests will need to be addressed in coordination with other actors to achieve an agreement on ***:Achieving a global agreement on a

关键词： AmR Antibiotic Resistance Global Health Political Feasibility International Affairs

Effect of Hind Leg morphology on Performance of a Canine-inspired Quadrupedal Robot

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2015年第3期12卷 339-351页

作者： James Andrew smith Jamil Jivraj Ryerson University 350 Victoria St. Toronto ON Canada

Biomimetic leg designs often appear to be arbitrarily chosen. To make a more objective choice regarding biomimetic leg configuration for small canine-inspired robots, we compare one hind leg to the same leg arranged in a different orientation, and show that the less biomimetic leg provides better performance. This differently-oriented leg design, which we call ＂transverse-mirrored＂ was more efficient and faster, both in simulation and experiment even though both leg configurations used the same passive and active components, rest angles, and monoartieular knee spring. In experiments the normal configuration had a maximum speed of 0.33 m·s^-1 and a specific resistance of 5.1. Conversely, the less biomimetic transverse-mirrored configuration had a maximum speed of 0.4 m·s^-1 and specific resistance of 3.9. Therefore the transverse-mirrored leg＇s best performance yields a 21% increase in speed and 24% decrease in specific resistance when compared to the best performance achieved in the normal biomimetic leg. The major underlying reason is that the knee spring engages more readily in the transverse-mirrored configuration, resulting in this faster and more efficient locomotion. The conclusion is that simply copying from nature does not lead to optimal performance and that insight into the role played by passive design components on natural locomotory dynamics is important.

关键词： biomimetic legged robot quadruped leg design walking legged locomotion

Pulse-burst laser-based 10kHz Thomson scattering measurements

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第10期21卷 83-90页

作者： Zichen HE Cary smith Zhili ZHANG Theodore m BIEWER Naibo JIANG Paul S HSU Sukesh ROY mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxville TN 37996 United States of America Fusion Energy Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge TN 37931United States of America Spectral Energies LLC Dayton OH 45431United States of America

Thomson scattering (TS), as a popular and reliable diagnostic technique, has successfully measured electron temperatures and electron number densities of plasmas for many years. However, conventional TS techniques using Nd:YAG lasers operate only at tens of hertz. Here, we present the development of a high-repetition-rate TS instrument based on a high-speed, pulse-burst laser system to greatly increase the temporal resolution of measurements. Successful instrument prototype testing was carried out by collecting TS light from laboratory helium and argon plasmas at 10 kHz. Calibration of the instrument detection sensitivity using nitrogen/ oxygen rotational Raman scattering signal is also presented. Quantitative electron number densities and electron temperatures of the plasma were acquired at 10 kHz, for stable plasma discharges as, respectively,~0.9 eV and ~5.37×10^21 m^-3 for the argon plasma, and ~1 eV and ~6.5×10^21 m^-3 for the helium plasma.

关键词： Thomson scattering high-speed pulse-burst laser

Facultative social parasitism in the allodapine bee macrogalea berentyensis

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Insect Science 2007年第1期14卷 65-69页

作者： JACLYN A. smith School of Biological Sciences Flinders University Adelaide South Australia Australia

Previous research on social parasitism has largely ignored allodapine social parasites, which is surprising given the huge potential of these bees to provide a better understanding of social parasitism. macrogalea berentyensis, a species that was previously suggested to be a social parasite, was collected in nests of m. ellioti, and also in nests consisting of only m. berentyensis. These f＇mdings, along with morphological and phylogenetic evidence, show that this species is a facultative social parasite. In the independently living m. berentyensis nests, brood were present that had been reared to an advanced stage, suggesting that：（i） these parasites may be effective at foraging and caring for their brood; or （ii） these nests may be colonies where all the hosts had died, and these parasites had yet to disperse. macrogalea berentyensis is the closest relative of the facultative social parasite, m. antanosy, and both these species represent the most recent evolutionary origin of social parasitism within the allodapines. Further behavioral research on both these parasitic species would therefore have important implications for the understanding of the evolution of social parasitism.

关键词： allodapine bee facultative social parasitism macrogalea