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Whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism and mating compatibility studies reveal the presence of distinct species in sub-Saharan Africa Bemisia tabaci whiteflies

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Insect Science 2021年第6期28卷 1553-1566页

作者： Habibu Mugerwa Hua-Ling Wang Peter Sseruwagi susan Seal John Colvin Natural Resources Institute University of GreenwichCentral AvenueChatham MaritimeKentUK Department of Entomology University of GeorgiaGriffinGeorgiaUSA Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Biotechnology Department Mikocheni Agricultural Research InstituteDar es SalaamTanzania

In sub-Saharan Africa cassava growing areas,two members of the Bemisia tabaci species complex termed sub-Saharan Africa 1(SSA1)and SSA2 have been reported as the prevalent whiteflies associated with the spread of viruses that cause cassava mosaic disease(CMD)and cassava brown streak disease(CBSD)*** the peak of CMD pandemic in the late 1990s,SSA2 was the prevalent whitefly,although its numbers have diminished over the last two decades with the resurgence of SSA1 *** SSA1 subgroups(SGI to SG3)are the predominant whiteflies in East Africa and vary in distribution and biological *** compatibility between SSA1 subgroups and SSA2 whiteflies was reported as the possible driver for the resurgence of SSA 1 *** this study,a combination of both phylogenomic methods and reciprocal crossing experiments were applied to determine species status of SSA1 subgroups and SSA2 white-fly *** analyses conducted with 26548205 bp whole genome single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and the full mitogenomes clustered SSA1 subgroups together and separate from SSA2 *** incompatibility between SSA1 subgroups and SSA2 further demonstrated their distinctiveness from each *** analyses conducted with SNPs and mitogenomes also revealed different genetic relationships among SSA1 *** former clustered SSA 1-SGI and SSA1-SG2 to-gether but separate from SSA1-SG3,while the latter clustered SSA1-SG2 and SSA1-SG3 together but separate from SSA *** compatibility was observed between SSA 1-SGI and SSA1-SG2,while incompatibility occurred between SSA 1-SGI and SSA1-SG3,and SSA 1-SG2 and SSA *** results among SSA 1 subgroups were coherent with phylogenomics results based on SNPs but not the full ***,this study revealed that the secondary endosymbiont--did not mediate reproductive success in the crossing assays carried ***,using genome wide SNPs together with reciproca

关键词： Bemisia tabaci phylogenomics reciprocal crossing sub-Saharan Africa species

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Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy: Implications for the perioperative management of liver transplant patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 507-520页

作者： Suehana Rahman susan V Mallett Department of Anaesthesia Royal Free London NHS Trust

Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is a disease that has only recently been recognised as a definitive clinical entity. In the setting of liver cirrhosis, it is characterized by a blunted inotropic and chronotropic response t o s t r e s s, i m p a i r e d d i a s t o l i c r e l a x a t i o n o f t h e myocardium and prolongation of the QT interval in the absence of other known cardiac disease. A key pathological feature is the persistent over-activation of the sympathetic nervous system in cirrhosis, which leads to down-regulation and dysfunction of theβ-adrenergic receptor. Diagnosis can be made using a combination of echocardiography(resting and stress), tissue Doppler imaging, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, 12-lead electrocardiogram and measurement of biomarkers. There are significant implications of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in a number of clinical situations in which there is an increased physiological demand, which can lead to acute cardiac decompensation and heart failure. Prior to transplantation there is an increased risk of hepatorenal syndrome, cardiac failure following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt insertion and increased risk of arrhythmias during acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Liver transplantation presents the greatest physiological challenge with a further risk of acute cardiac decompensation. Peri-operative management should involve appropriate choice of graft and minimization of large fluctuations in preload and afterload. The avoidance of cardiac failure during this period has important prognostic implications, as there is evidence to suggest a long-term resolution of the abnormalities in cirrhotic cardiomyopathy.

关键词： Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy Liver transplantation Diastolic dysfunction Electrophysiological abnormalities Perioperative care

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TRANSFORMATIVE RENEWAL AND URBAN SUSTAINABILITY

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Journal of Green Building 2013年第4期8卷 17-38页

作者： susan Spencer Lewin Craig Goodman OAA LEED BD+C

A key tenet of sustainable urban development is adaptive reuse, which is the practice of reusing existing infrastructure for a purpose other than for what it was built. Communities have much to gain from the adaptive reuse and transformative renewal of the older built fabric of the city. Retaining older buildings has environmental benefits as it bypasses complete demolition and reconstruction, and conserves the considerable embodied energy stored within the structure. Adaptive reuse is a key environmental factor in land conservation and the reduction of urban sprawl, as it promotes the reuse and revitalization of downtown and inner city sites. Existing buildings highlight the social character and identity of a community through the retention of the irreplaceable historic fabric. Existing buildings promote a strong and vibrant sense of place, leading to increased citizen engagement. Economic benefits can follow as the adaptive reuse and revitalization creates renewal, new uses, and captures the value of the existing building stock, creating a spur to the local economy. For these reasons, the adaptive reuse of existing and historic buildings is an essential component of sustainable urban development. This article will review a case study of the new downtown campus for the University of Windsor and the use of three existing historic buildings as a relevant adaptive reuse strategy toward inner city regeneration and revitalization. The overall strategy for urban sustainability will be reviewed, as well as specific issues and opportunities for each of the three projects.

关键词： University campus renewal city revitalization transformative renewal adaptive re-use sustainable urban design public realm design catalyst site heritage reuse

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Implementing General Education in Hong Kong:Government Policies,Institutional Responses,Opportunities and Challenges

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Frontiers of Education in China 2012年第2期7卷 253-269页

作者： Xiaoyan WANG susan GANO-PHILLIPS Office of Research&Innovation Seneca College of Applied Arts&TechnologyMarkhamON CAL3R 5Y1Canada Department of Psychology University of Michigan-FlintFlintMI 48502USA

In this paper,the authors explore the implementation of the government mandate in Hong Kong to move from three-year to four-year undergraduate degree programs which include studies in general education(GE),through an analysis of policies and activities related to the curriculum *** the authors are interested in the substance of these reforms,the primary objective is to explore the relationships between policy initiatives and implementation approaches at different *** Scott’s(2001)new institutional theory as a framework,the authors discuss the policy implementation at the governmental,institutional norms,and cultural *** focusing on the complex interrelationships among influences at different levels within the institution,this paper identifies challenges in the implementation of the new four-year curriculum,and using a case study of one institution,offers suggestions for facilitating that implementation.

关键词： general education(GE) curriculum reform academic structure change higher education Hong Kong

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ECOLOGICAL STUDIES OF GRACILARIA ASIATIC A AND GRACILARIA LEMANEIFORMIS IN ZHANSHAN BAY, QINGDAO

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1988年第1期6卷 22-34页

作者： susan H. Brawley,费修绠 Department of General Biology Vanderbilt University U.S.A Institute of Oceanology Academia Sinica Qingdao

Natural populations of G. asialica Zhang & Xia and G. lemaneiformis (Bory) Weber van Bosse were studied during 1984 and 1986 in Zhanshan Bay, Qingdao (36°4′N,120°21′E). Rapid growth (length, weight) of these plants occurred between mid-May and late June (water temperatures, 15-20℃). The major epiphyte of C, asialica was Enteromorpha litiza, while Punclaria latifolia was the major epiphyte of G. lemaneiformis. Epiphytism declined throughout early summer, and epiphytes were rare after mid-July (1984); they did not reappear in late summer, although macrophyte growth declined abruptly after early July. Populations of G. asiatica varied during late spring-early summer between adjacent sandy and rocky portions of the intertidal zone; plants at the sandy site were larger and epiphyte-free. Amphipod densities were low on both species of Gracilaria, but the most abundant species were Ampithoe lacertosa, Caprella equilibra, C. kroyeri, C. scaura and Pontogeneia rostrata. Additional information on general com

关键词： Bay QINGDAO ECOLOGICAL STUDIES OF GRACILARIA ASIATIC A AND GRACILARIA LEMANEIFORMIS IN ZHANSHAN BAY

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Assessing the accuracy of patient report of the 5As (ask,assess,advise,assist,and arrange) for smoking cessation counseling

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2017年第3期5卷 164-169页

作者： susan A.Flocke Elizabeth Antognoli Department of Family Medicine and Community Health Case Western Reserve Univer-sityClevelandOHUSA

Objective:The 5As framework(ask,advise,assess,assist,arrange)is a recommended strat-egy for smoking cessation counseling in primary *** study compares patient report with direct observation to assess the degree of recall bias for each of the ***:Primary care visits by 107 adult smokers and 16 physicians were *** 48 hours after the visit,patients completed a survey assessing whether or not smoking was discussed and items specific to each of the *** audio recordings were evaluated to assess the presence of each *** sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of patient report versus direct observation were ***:The frequency of the 5As based on evaluation of the audio recording ranged from 13% (arrange)to 98% (ask).The sensitivity and specificity of patient report were 92% and not applicable for ask,90% and 50% for assess,94% and 33% for advise,90% and 50% for assist,and 85% and 67% for arrange *** predictive values ranged from 28% to 98%;negative predictive values ranged from 0% to 97% .Conclusion:Compared with the gold standard of direct observation,patient report of each of the 5As is reasonably sensitive but not *** overreport the occurrence of each of the 5As.

关键词： 5As(ask,assess,advise,assist,arrange) smoking cessation primary care

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Magnetite Quartzite-Type Iron Ores – China's Most Important Current Iron Ore Source

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第4期88卷 1329-1331页

作者： HAO Ziguo FEI Hongcai HAO Qingqing susan TURNER Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Editorial Office of Acta Geologica Sinica (English edition) Geological Society of China Editorial Office of Geology and Exploration Institute of Mineral Resources Research China Metallurgical Geology Bureau

China is abundant in iron-ore resources, with proven ore reserves of 576.62×10^8 t and proven reserves of 210×10^8 t, containing an average iron content of 33%. However, the rich iron-ore reserves of 10.85×10^8 t only account for 1.9% of all proven reserves. China＇s iron-ore resources are characterized by many lean ores and a few rich ones.

关键词： China’s Most Important Current Iron Ore Source Magnetite Quartzite-Type Iron Ores TFe

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Ms 6.5 Earthquake Occurred in Ludian County of Yunnan Province,China,Although Forecast Issued before the Earthquake,Life Casualties and Property Losses were Still Caused Significant

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第4期88卷 1334-1336页

作者： HAO Ziguo FEI Hongcai LIU Lian susan TURNER Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Editorial Office of Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition) Geological Society of China

1 Geography Location At 16：30 on August 3rd, 2014, Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province （27.1°N, 103.3°E） was hit by Ms 6.5 earthquake, with the maximum intensity is 9 and epicenter depth is around 12 ... 详细信息

关键词： Ms 6.5 Earthquake Occurred in Ludian County of Yunnan Province China Although Forecast Issued before the Earthquake Life Casualties and Property Losses were Still Caused Significant

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Status of China's Mineral Resources in 2013

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第3期88卷 1018-1019页

On 22nd April 2014,with the approach of the 45th World Earth Day,China＇s Ministry of Land and resources issued the status of China＇s mineral resources in *** first task of the prospecting breakthrough strategy action implemented in the last five years has been completed,and China＇s security capacity for mineral resources has been significantly *** the future,the enforcement of the economical and intensive utilization of mineral resources will be strengthened,and economic transformation and upgrading will be promoted to ensure sustained and stable development of China＇s economy.

关键词： MINES & mineral resources LAND resource CHINA

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Major Breakthroughs in Geological Theory, Key Techniques and Exploration of Tight Oil in China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第1期88卷 362-363页

In recent years,*** oil exploration and development have achieved significant progress,with rapidly increasing production,which has significantly changed the *** supply pattern（Fig.1）.Compared with the North America... 详细信息

关键词： Major Breakthroughs in Geological Theory Key Techniques and Exploration of Tight Oil in China

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