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Dispersal patterns of exotic forest pests in South Korea

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Insect Science 2012年第5期19卷 535-548页

作者： Won ii choi Young-Seuk Park Division of Forest Disease and Insect Pests Korea Forest Research Institute Dongdaemun Seoul Department of Biology and The Korea Institute of Ornithology Kyung Hee University Dongdaemun Seoul Republic of Korea

Invasive species have potentially devastating effects on ecological communi- ties and ecosystems. To understand the invasion process of exotic forest pests in South Korea, we reviewed four major species of exotic forest pests： the pine needle gall midge （Thecodiplosis japonensis）, pine wilt disease caused by the pine wood nematode （Bur- saphelenchus xylophilus）, the fall webworm （Hyphantria cunea） and the black pine bast scale （Matsucoccus thunbergianae）. We consider their biology, ecology, invasion history, dispersal patterns and related traits, and management as exotic species. Among these species, the dispersal process of fall webworm was linear, showing a constant range expan- sion as a function of time, whereas the other three species showed biphasic patterns, rapidly increasing dispersal speed after slow dispersal at the early invasion stage. Moreover, human activities accelerated their expansion, suggesting that prevention of the artificial movement of damaged trees would be useful to slow expansion of exotic species. We believe that this information would be useful to establish management strategies for invasion species.

关键词： Bursaphelenchusxylophilus dispersal pattern exotic species fall webworm,forest management Hyphantria cunea Matsucoccus thunbergianae pine wilt disease,Thecodiplosis japonensis

Flammable carbon nanotube transistors on a nitrocellulose paper substrate for transient electronics

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Nano Research 2017年第1期10卷 87-96页

作者： Jinsu Yoon Juhee Lee Bongsik choi Dongil Lee Dae Hwan Kim Dong Myong Kim Dong-ii Moon Meehyun Lim sungho Kim sung-Jin choi School of Electrical Engineering Kookmin University Seou102707 Republic of Korea School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 3414 I Republic of Korea Center for Nanotechnology NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field CA 94035 USA Test&Package Technology Group Mechatronics R&D Center Samsung Electronics Gyeonggi-do 18448 Repubfic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Sejong University Seou105006 Republic of Korea

Transient electronics represent an emerging class of technology comprising materials that can vanish in a controlled manner in response to stimuli. In contrast to conventional electronic devices that are designed to operate over the longest possible period, transient electronics are defined by operation typically over a short and well-defined period; when no longer needed, transient electronics undergo self-deconstruction and disappear completely. In this work, we demonstrate the fabrication of thermally triggered transient electronic devices based on a paper substrate, specifically, a nitrocellulose paper. Nitrocellulose paper is frequently used in acts of magic because it consists of highly flammable components that are formed by nitratil^g cellulose by exposure to nitric acid. Therefore, a complete and rapid destruction of electronic devices fabricated on nitrocellulose paper is possible without producing any residue （i.e., ash）. The transience rates can be modified by controlling radio frequency signal-induced voltages that are applied to a silver （Ag） resistive heater, which is stamped on the backside of the nitrocellulose paper. The Ag resistive heater was prepared by a simple, low-cost stamping fabrication, which requires no harsh chemicals or complex thermal treatments. For the electronics on the nitrocellulose paper substrate, we employed semiconducting carbon nanotube （CNT） network channels in the transistor for superior electrical and mechanical properties.

关键词： carbon nanotube,paper substrate,flammable,transient security

Suppression of Oxidative Stress of Modified Gongjin-Dan (WSY^1075) in Detrusor Underactivity Rat Model Bladder Outlet Induced by Obstruction

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第9期24卷 670-675页

作者： Jin-Woo Jung Seung Hwan Jeon Woong Jin Bae Su Jin Kim Mun Su Chung Byung ii Yoon Sae Woong choi U Syn Ha sung Yeoun Hwang Sae Woong Kim Department of Urology International St. Mary's Hospital Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine Incheon Republic of Korea Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence College of Medicine Catholic Kwandong University Gangneungsi Gangwon-do Republic of Korea Department of Urology College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Republic of Korea Catholic Integrative Medicine Research Institute College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Republic of Korea Korea Bio Medical Science Institute Seoul Republic of Korea

Objective： To investigate the anti-oxidative stress and preventive effect of modified Gongjin-dan （WSY-1075） in a detrusor underactivity rat model. Methods： Rats were randomly allocated to three groups： sham- operated （control）, bladder outlet obstruction-induced detrusor underactivity （BOO-DU）, and BOO-DU with WSY-1075 （WSY） groups. WSY-1075 was orally administrated to rats 200 mg daily for 2 weeks pdor to the operation and 4 weeks after the operation. Bladder outlet obstruction was surgically induced in rats by ligation around the urethra avoiding total obstruction. Cystometrography was conducted on rats in each group for examination of bladders. Results： Compared with the control group, bladder outlet obstruction led to a significant increase in oxidative stress with consequent changes to molecular composition, and decrease in maximal detrusor pressure （P〈0.05）. WSY-1075 treatment significantly suppressed oxidative stress and prevented degenerative and dysfunctional changes in bladder, as compared with BOO-DU group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： WSY-1075 had beneficial effect on prevention of BOO-DU.

关键词： detrusor underactivity anti-oxidant herbal

Detection rate of clinically insignificant prostate cancer ncreases with repeat prostate biopsies

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 236-240,I0007页

作者： Bumsoo Park Seong-Soo Jeon sung-Ho Ju Byong-Chang Jeong Seong-ii Seo Hyun-Moo Lee Han-Yong choi Department of Urology Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul 135-710 Korea institute for Refractory Cancer Research Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seou1135-710 Korea Department of Urology Kangnam General Hospital Yongin 446-597 Korea

To analyze if clinically insignificant prostate cancer （CIPC） is more frequently detected with repeat prostate biopsies, we retrospectively analyzed the records of 2146 men diagnosed with prostate cancer after one or more prostate biopsies. The patients were divided into five groups according to the number of prostate biopsies obtained, e.g, group I had one biopsy, group 2 had two biopsies and group 3 had three biopsies. Of the 2146 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer, 1956 （91,1%）, 142 （6.6%）, 38 （1.8%）, 9 （0.4%） and 1 （0.1%） men were in groups 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively. Groups 4 and 5 were excluded because of the small sample sizes. The remaining three groups （groups 1, 2 and 3） were statistically analyzed. There were no differences in age or prostate-specific antigen level among the three groups. CIPC was detected in 201 （10.3%）, 28 （19.7%） and 9 （23.7%） patients in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively （P〈O.O01）. A multivariate analysis showed that the number of biopsies was an independent predictor to detect ClPC （0R=2.688 for group 2; 0R=4.723 for group 3）. In conclusion, patients undergoing multiple prostate biopsies are more likely to be diagnosed with CIPC than those who only undergo one biopsy. However, the risk still exists that the patient could have clinically significant prostate cancer. Therefore, when counseling patients with regard to serial repeat biopsies, the possibility of prostate cancer overdiagnosis and overtreatment must be balanced with the continued risk of clinically significant disease.

关键词： clinically insignificant prostate cancer (CIPC) clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPC) biopsy early detection ofcancer prostatic neoplasms

Optimal Cyber Attack Strategy Using Reinforcement Learning Based onCommon Vulnerability Scoring System

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第11期141卷 1551-1574页

作者： Bum-Sok Kim Hye-Won Suk Yong-Hoon choi Dae-sung Moon Min-Suk Kim Department of Electronic Information System Engineering Sangmyung UniversityCheonan31066Republic of Korea Department of Human Intelligence&Robot Engineering Sangmyung UniversityCheonan31066Republic of Korea Intelligent Convergence Research Laboratory Electronics and Telecommunications Research InstituteDaejeon34129Republic of Korea

Currently,cybersecurity threats such as data breaches and phishing have been on the rise due to the many differentattack strategies of cyber attackers,significantly increasing risks to individuals and *** technologies such as intrusion detection have been developed to respond to these cyber ***,advanced integrated cybersecurity that incorporates Artificial Intelligence has been the *** this paper,wepropose a response strategy using a reinforcement-learning-based cyber-attack-defense simulation tool to addresscontinuously evolving cyber ***,we have implemented an effective reinforcement-learning-basedcyber-attack scenario using Cyber Battle Simulation,which is a cyber-attack-defense *** scenarioinvolves important security components such as node value,cost,firewalls,and ***,we applieda new vulnerability assessment method based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring *** approach candesign an optimal attack strategy by considering the importance of attack goals,which helps in developing moreeffective response *** attack strategies are evaluated by comparing their performance using a variety ofReinforcement Learning *** experimental results show that RL models demonstrate improved learningperformance with the proposed attack strategy compared to the original *** particular,the success rateof the Advantage Actor-Critic-based attack strategy improved by 5.04 percentage points,reaching 10.17%,whichrepresents an impressive 98.24%increase over the original ***,the proposed method canenhance security and risk management capabilities in cyber environments,improving the efficiency of securitymanagement and significantly contributing to the development of security systems.

关键词： Reinforcement learning common vulnerability scoring system cyber attack cyber battle simulation

A novel chitosan nanocapsule for enhanced skin penetration of cyclosporin A and effective hair growth in vivo

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Nano Research 2019年第12期12卷 3024-3030页

作者： Jin Sil Lee Youngmin Hwang Hyeryeon Oh sunghyun Kim Jin-Hwa Kim Jeung-Hoon Lee Yong Chui Shin Giyoong Tae Won ii choi Center for Convergence Bioceramic Materials Convergence R&D DivisionKorea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology202Osongsaengmyeong l-rof Osong-eupHeungdeok-guCheongjuChungbuk 28160Republic of Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology123 Cheomdan-gwagiroBuk-guGwangju 61005Republic of Korea SKINMED Co. Ltd.Daejeon 34028Republic of Korea Amicogen Inc.64 Dongburo 1259JinsungJinju 52621Republic of Korea

Hair loss due to medical conditions,such as alopecia,male pattern baldness,and cancer chemotherapy treatment,has been a comm onproblem for many in *** n A(CsA),a fungal metabolite,has been reported to be a hair growth modulatory agent and is apotential drug for hair ***,the effect of topical application of CsA is limited by its poor water *** deliverysystems developed to enhance its solubility still showed poor skin *** overcome these limitations,in this study,we have developed a novel chitosan nanocapsule platform using Pluro nic F127 and chitosan without any chemical crosslinking or complicated preparati on steps for the enhanced water solubility and high tran sdermal penetration of *** chitosan nanocapsules(ChiNCs)optimized in terms of structural stability by using chitosan with various molecular weights ranging from 3 to 100 kDa enhanced the skin permeation of CsA through humancadaver skin in *** administration of the CsA loaded ChiNCs in creased the hair follicles by c.a.7 times higher than that of thecontrol group,and effectively induced hair growth in C57BL/6 mice in *** results suggest that ChiNCs could be used as a platform foreffective transdermal delivery of various hydrophobic drugs.

关键词： chitosan nanocapsule cyclosporin A transdermal delivery hair growth

Facile synthesis of fully ordered L10-FePt nanoparticles with controlled Pt-shell thicknesses for electrocatalysis

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Nano Research 2017年第8期10卷 2866-2880页

作者： Yonghoon Hong Hee Jin Kim Daehee Yang Gaehang Lee Ki Min Nam Myung-Hwa Jung Young-Min Kim Sang-ii choi Won Seok Seo Department of Chemistry Sogang University Seou104107 Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center Kyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Repubfic of Korea Korea Basic Science Institute and University of Science and Technology Daejeon 34133 Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Mokpo National University Jeonnam 58554 Republic of Korea Department of Physics Sogang University Seoul 04107 Republic of Korea Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Suwon 16419 Repubfic of Korea Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea

We report a simple one-step approach for the synthesis of -4 nm uniform and fully L10-ordered face-centered tetragonal （fct） FePt nanoparticles （NPs） embedded in -60 nm MCM-41 （fct-FePt NPs@MCM-41）. We controlled the Pt-shell thickness of the fct-FePt NPs by treating the fct-FePt NPs@MCM-41 with acetic acid （HOAc） or hydrochloric acid （HC1） under sonicafion, thereby etching the surface Fe atoms of the NPs. The fct-FePt NPs deposited onto the carbon support （fct-FePt NP/C） were prepared by mixing the fct-FePt NPs@MCM-41 with carbon and subsequently removing the MCM-41 using NaOH. We also developed a facile method to synthesize acid-treated fct-FePt NP/C by using a HF solution for simultaneous surface-Fe etching and MCM-41 removal. We studied the effects of both surface-Fe etching and Pt-shell thickness on the electrocatalytic properties of fct-FePt NPs for the methanol oxidation reaction （MOR）. Compared with the non-treated fct-FePt NP/C catalyst, the HOAc-treated and HCl-treated catalysts exhibit up to 34% larger electrochemically active surface areas （ECASAs）; in addition, the HCl-treated fct-FePt NP （with -1.0 nm Pt shell）/C catalyst exhibits the highest specific activity. The HF-treated fct-FePt NP/C exhibits an ECASA almost 2 times larger than those of the other acid-treated fct-FePt NP/C catalysts and shows the highest mass activity （1,435 mA·mgPt^-1, 2.3 times higher than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst） and stability among the catalysts tested. Our findings demonstrate that the surface-Fe etching for the generation of the Pt shell on fct-FePt NPs and the Pt-shell thickness can be factors for optimizing the electrocatalysis of the MOR.

关键词： FePt face centered tetragonal bimetallic methanol oxidation reaction electrocatalysts

TiO2 nanotube branched tree on a carbon nanofiber nanostructure as an anode for high energy and power lithium ion batteries

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Nano Research 2014年第4期7卷 491-501页

作者： Taeseup Song Hyungkyu Han Heechae choi Jung Woo Lee Hyunjung Park Sangkyu Lee Won ii Park Seungchul Kim Li Liu Ungyu Paik Department of Materials Science Engineering Hanyang University Seou113 3-791 Korea Center for ComputationalScience Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seou1136-791 Korea School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 China

The inherently low electrical conductivity of TiO2-based electrodes as well as the high electrical resistance between an electrode and a current collector represents a major obstacle to their use as an anode for lithium ion batteries. In this study, we report on high-density TiO2 nanotubes （NTs） branched onto a carbon nanofiber （CNF）＂tree＂ that provide a low resistance current path between the current collector and the TiO2 NTs. Compared to a TiO2 NT array grown directly on the current collector, the branched TiO2 NTs tree, coupled with the CNF electrode, exhibited -10 times higher areal energy density and excellent rate capability （discharge capacity of -150 mA.h.g-1 at a current density of 1,000 mA·g-1）. Based on the detailed experimental results and associated theoretical analysis, we demonstrate that the introduction of CNFs with direct electric contact with the current collector enables a significant increase in areal capacity （mA·h·cm-2） as well as excellent rate capability.

关键词： titanium dioxide carbon nanofibers areal capacity lithium ion batteries

Inverse correlation between gastroesophageal reflux disease and atrophic gastritis assessed by endoscopy and serology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第8期28卷 853-867页

作者： Yoo Min Han Su Jin Chung Seokha Yoo Jong In Yang Ji Min choi Jooyoung Lee Joo sung Kim Department of Internal Medicine and Healthcare Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam CenterSeoul 06236South Korea Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080South Korea Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080South Korea

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)infection is known to prevent the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)by inducing gastric mucosal ***,little is known about the relationship between atrophic gastritis(AG)and *** To confirm the inverse correlation between AG and the occurrence and severity of *** Individuals receiving health checkups who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at Seoul National University Healthcare System Gangnam Center were *** grade of reflux esophagitis was evaluated according to the Los Angeles *** AG(EAG)was categorized into six *** AG(SAG)was defined as pepsinogen I≤70 ng/m L and pepsinogen I/ii ratio≤*** association between the extent of EAG and SAG and the occurrence and severity of GERD was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression *** In total,4684 individuals with GERD were compared with 21901 healthy *** multivariate logistic regression analysis,advanced age,male sex,body mass index>23 kg/m2,presence of metabolic syndrome,current smoking,and alcohol consumption were associated with an increased risk of *** for *** immunoglobulin G antibodies was associated with a decreased risk of *** was an inverse correlation between the extent of EAG and occurrence of GERD:Odds ratio(OR),1.01[95%confidence interval(CI):0.90-1.14]in C1,0.87(0.78-0.97)in C2,0.71(0.62-0.80)in C3,0.52(0.44-0.61)in O1,0.37(0.29-0.48)in O2,and 0.28(0.18-0.43)in ***,the extent of EAG showed an inverse correlation with the severity of *** presence of SAG was correlated with a reduced risk of GERD(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.28-0.87,P=0.014).CONCLUSION The extent of EAG and SAG exhibited strong inverse relationships with the occurrence and severity of *** followed by *** infection may be independently protect against GERD.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Reflux esophagitis Helicobacter pylori Atrophic gastritis Pepsinogen