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Geophysical survey on the tectonic and sediment distribution of Qinghai Lake basin

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第8期49卷 851-861页

作者： AN Zhisheng1, WANG Ping2. SHEN Ji3. ZHANG Yixiang2. ZHANG Peizhen4, WANG Sumin3. LI Xiaoqiang1, sun Qianli1, SONG Yougui1, AI Li1, ZHANG Yechun2. JIANG Shaoren2. liu Xingqi3.& WANG Yong3.. {2. of Earth Environment, chinese academy of Sciences (CAS), Xi’an 710075, china 2. south china {13. {2. of oceanology, CAS, Guangzhou 5103.1, china 3. Nanjing {2. of Geography and Limnology, CAS, Nanjing 2.0008, china 4. {2. of Geology, china Earthquake Administration, Beijing 10002., china institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Xi’an China south china {2. {3. of oceanology CAS Guangzhou China Nanjing institute of Geography and Limnology CAS Nanjing China institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing China

The intensive geophysical survey of Qinghai Lake reveals the buried depth of lake sediments and their distribution features. The result indicates that there are three important inter- phases of Qinghai Lake sediments: T1 is the rife interphase of the lake, above which sediments are spread all over the lake basin with roughly the same thickness; T5 is the interphase from which the neotectonic sedimentary cycle begins, and its above sedimentary environment is relatively stable; Tg is the base of the lake basin. Five west-northwest (WNW) fault belts defined the tectonic structure of Qinghai Lake basin: the central hunch around Haixin Shan with two subbasins both in its north and south. The thickness of the lake sediments varies at different places, the thickest sediments are found within the two subbasins. According to the depth that the Sparker System can reach, sediment in the northern subbasin is deeper than 560 m, while sediment in the southern subbasin is deeper than 700 m. The correlation between the seismic sequence stratigraph and the lithology of onshore core shows that Qinghai Lake sediments consist of muddy silt, clay silt, silty clay, gravel silty clay, etc.

关键词： sediment, geophysical survey, Qinghai Lake.

Forcing mechanism of the Pleistocene east Asian monsoon variations in a phase perspective

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1708-1717页

作者： TIAN Jun1,2. WANG Pinxian1, CHENG Xinrong1, WANG Rujian1 & sun Xiangjun1,3.1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 2.0092. china 2. {2. of Geology and Geophysics, chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., china 3. {2. of Botany, chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093. china Tongji University chinese academy of Sciences

The deep sea records from the ODP Sites 1143.and 1144 in the northern and southern south{3. sea (SCS), including foraminiferal δ 18O and δ 13., Opal% and pollen percentage, reveal that the variations of the east Asian monsoon have been closely correlated with the variations of the Earth’s orbital parameters (eccentricity, obliquity and precession) and the global ice volume on orbital scale. All the monsoonal proxies show strong 100 ka, 41 ka and 2. ka cycles. Although G. ruber δ 13. of Site 1143.is coherent with the ETP (ETP= normalized (eccentricity + obliquity-precession) at eccentricity, obliquity and precession bands, most of the coherent relationship focuses on the precession band, and the other monsoonal proxies are coherent with the ETP only at the precession band, which indicate that precession dominates the Pleistocene tropical climate changes. The phase relationship of the monsoonal proxies with the foraminiferal δ 18O implies that the global ice volume changes have played a significant role in modulating the east Asian monsoon climate, at least dominating the winter monsoon. This forcing mechanism of the east Asian monsoon is apparently different from that of the Indian ocean mon-soon. The variations of the east Asian monsoon at the precession band, at least that of the winter monsoon, have been controlled not only by the sensible heating but also by the latent heating of the surface water in the south{3. sea.

关键词： south china sea, ODP, east Asian monsoon, orbital forcing, global ice volume.

Research on the dynamics of the south{2. sea opening:Evidence from analogue modeling

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第10期49卷 1053-1069页

作者： sun Zhen1,2. ZHOU Di1, ZHONG Zhihong3. XIA Bin2. QIU Xuelin1, ZENG Zuoxun4 & JIANG Jianqun5 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal {3. Geology, {2. china {3. institute of oceanology, chinese academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 5103.1, china 2. CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal {3. Geology, Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry, chinese academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, china 3. Department of Technology, Shenzhen Branch of CNOOC, Guangzhou 5102.0, china 4. Faculty of Earth Sciences, china University of Geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, china 5. Hainan Oil & Gas Exploration Company, Liaohe Oilfield Petro{23., Panjin 12.010, china CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal sea Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal sea Geology Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China Department of Technology Shenzhen Branch of CNOOC Guangzhou China Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Hainan Oil & Gas Exploration Company Liaohe Oilfield PetroChina Panjin China

Independent of Indochina extrusion, the south{2. {3. experienced a process from passive continental rifting to marginal {3. drifting. According to the fault patterns in the Beibu Gulf basin and the Pearl River Mouth basin, the continental rifting and early spreading stage from 3.2}to 2. Ma were controlled by extensional stress field, which shifted clockwise from southeastward to south southeastward. From 2. Ma on, the {3. spread in NW-SE direction and ceased spreading at around 15.5 Ma. Integrated geological information with the assumption that the south{2. {3. developed along a pre-Cenozoic weakness zone, we did analogue experiments on the south{2. {3. evolu- tion. Experiments revealed that the pre-existing weakness zone goes roughly along the uplift zone between the present Zhu-1 and Zhu-2.depression. The pre-existing weakness zone is composed of three segments trending NNE, roughly EW and NEE, respectively. The early opening of the south{2. {3. is accompanied with roughly 15° clockwise rotation, while the SE sub-{3. basin opened with SE extension. Tinjar fault was the western boundary of the Nansha block (Dangerous Ground), while Lupar fault was the eastern boundary of the Indochina, NW-trending rift belt known as Zengmu basin developed between above two faults due to block divergent of Indochina from Nansha. In the experiment, transtensional flower structures along NW-trending faults are seen, and slight inversion occurs along some NE-dipping faults. The existence of rigid massifs changed the orientations of some faults and rift belt, and also led to deformation concentrate around the massifs. The rifting and drifting of the south{2. {3. might be caused by slab pull from the proto south{2. {3. subducting toward Borneo and/or mantle flow caused by India-Asia collision.

关键词： south china sea, rifting and drifting, clockwise rotation, analogue modeling, rigid massifs.

Comparative analysis of astaxanthin and its esters in the mutant E1 of Haematococcus pluvialis and other green algae by HPLC with a C3. column

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2008年第12期51卷 1108-1115页

作者： PENG Juan1, XIANG WenZhou2.1, tanG Quanming1, {2. Ni1, CHEN Feng1,3.& yuAN JianPing 4 1 south china sea institute of oceanology, chinese academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 5103.1, china 2.institute of oceanology, chinese academy of Sciences, Qingdao 2.6071, china 3.School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, china 4 institute of oceanology & College of Life Sciences, {2. Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 5103.1, china south china {2. {3. of oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China institute of oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China institute of oceanology & College of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China

A gradient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method using a C3. col-umn was developed for the simultaneous determination of astaxanthin, astaxanthin monoesters and astaxanthin diesters in the green algae Chlorococcum sp., Chlorella zofingiensis, Haematococcus plu-vialis and the mutant E1, which was obtained from the mutagenesis of H. pluvialis by exposure to UV-irradiation and ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) with subsequent screening using nicotine. The re-sults showed that the contents of total astaxanthins including free astaxanthin and astaxanthin esters ranged from 1.4 to 3..9 mg/g dry biomass in these green algae. The lower total astaxanthin levels (2.mg/g dry biomass) were detected in the green algae Chlorococcum sp. and C. zofingiensis. The higher total astaxanthin levels (>16 mg/g dry biomass) were found in the green alga H. pluvialis and its mutant E1. It is notable that the mutant E1 is found to have considerably higher amounts of total astaxanthin (3..9 mg/g) as compared to the wild strain of H. pluvialis (16.1 mg/g). This indicates that UV-irradiation and EMS compound mutagenesis with subsequent screening using nicotine is an effective method for breeding of a high-producing astaxanthin strain of H. pluvialis. In addition, the green alga C. zofingien-sis had a remarkably higher percentage of astaxanthin diesters (76.3. of total astaxanthins) and a re-markably lower percentage of astaxanthin monoesters (18.0% of total astaxanthins) in comparison with H. pluvialis (3..5% for diesters and 60.9% for monoesters), the mutant E1 (49.1% and 48.1%) and Chlorococcum sp. (18.0% and 58.6%).

关键词： green algae Haematococcus pluvialis mutant astaxanthin HPLC C3. column

The bacterial diversity in surface sediment from the south china {2.

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第4期29卷 98-105页

作者： WANG Guanghua DONG Junde LI Xiang sun Huimin Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Science Guangzhou 510301 China Graduate University of chinese academy of Science Beijing 100049 China

16S rDNA sequencing results from this study and literatures demonstrate that sediment bacteria in the south china {2. （SCS） were very diverse,which contained 2. of the 2. phyla of bacteria investigated from marine sediment,however,it was very imbalance among *** bacterial diversity from 15 samples which covered a wide range of sediment types from 2. to 3.888 m in depth was studied in DGGE （denature gradient gel electrophoresis） in this *** DGGE results indicate that both sediment bacterial diversity and diversity difference among stations were *** representative and differential fingerprints among samples were recovered and sequenced,phylogenetic analysis indicates that they may belong to Proteobacteria （α-,β-,γ-,δ-,ε-）,Planctomycetes,Firmicutes,Chloroflexi,Acidobacteria,Actinobacteria,Nitrospirae,Gemmatimonadetes,candidate division WS3.and so on,of which,Gemmatimonadetes and candidate division WS3.bacteria were first detected in SCS *** study also shows that bacterial diversity analysis based on DGGE was more potential than traditional 16S rDNA clone library in multiple sample analysis.

关键词： bacterial diversity DGGE marine sediment south china {2.

Phylogenetic diversity of bacteria associated with the marine sponge Agelas robusta from south china {2.

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第5期29卷 65-73页

作者： sun We DAI Shikun WANG Guanghua XIE Lianwu JIANG Shumei LI Xiang Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization （LMB-CAS） Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Mediea （LMMM-GD） South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China Graduate University of the chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Central south University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China

It is well known that marine sponges harbor large numbers of bacteria,some of which have been proved to be *** diversity of bacteria in marine sponges distributed along the coast of south china {2. has been previously studied but that of bacteria in sponges inhabiting the open {2. has been rarely *** this report,the diversity of bacteria associated with the marine sponge Agelas robusta from a remote coral reef in the south china {2. was documented employing 16S rDNA library construction,amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis（ARDRA） and phylogenetic analysis.A total of 3.2}phylotypes were finally categorized in nine phyla including Cyanobacteria,Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,Acidobacteria,Planctomycetes,Bacteroidetes and *** dominant phylum was Proteobacteria whereas the dominant genus was Synechococcus in *** spongespecific bacteria were also found in the bacteria population,but the proportion（5 OTUs/3.2}OTUs） was much lower than other *** study reveals the phylogenetic diversity of bacteria in *** and confirms the presence of some sponge-specific bacteria in the south china *** the diversity of sponge-associated bacteria in china assists to exploit the bacteria resources for biotechnology.

关键词： south china {2. Agelas robusta phylogenetic diversity sponge-specific bacteria

Mesozoic subduction-accretion zone in northeastern south china {2. inferred from geophysical interpretations

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第5期49卷 471-482页

作者： ZHOU Di1, WANG Wanyin2. WANG Jialin3. PANG Xiong4, CAI Dongsheng5 & sun Zhen1 1. Key Laboratory of Marginal sea Geology, {2. china sea institute of oceanology, chinese academy of Sciences, Guang- zhou 5103.1, china 2. College of Geological and Topographical Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, china 3. Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 2.0092. china 4. china National Offshore Oil Co. Limited – Shenzhen Branch, Shenzhen 518067, china 5. china National Offshore Oil Co. Limited – Research Center, Beijing 10002., china Key Laboratory of Marginal sea Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China College of Geological and Topographical Engineering Chang’an University Xi’an China Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai China china National Offshore Oil Co. Limited — Shenzhen Branch Shenzhen China china National Offshore Oil Co. Limited — Research Center Beijing China

A segment of Mesozoic subduction-accretion zone was inferred across thenortheastern south china {2. at approximately NE450 orientation. Basic evidence includes thefollowing: A belt of peek gross horizontal Bouguer gravity gradient (PGHGBA) is comparable in sizeand intensity to that of the Manila subduction-accretion zone. A belt of high positive magneticanomalies appears to the north and sub-parallel to the PGHGBA, representing the volcanic arcassociated to the subduction zone. The PGHGBA crosses obliquely both Cenozoic structures and present{2.floor topography, indicating a pre-Cenozoic age. The segment is offset left-laterally byNW-running strike-slip faults, in concord with the Mesozoic stress field of south china. Inaddition, the existence of the subduction zone is supported by wide-angle seismic data obtained indifferent years by different institutions. At approximate localities, a north-dipping ramp of Mohosurface is indicated by records of ocean-bottom seismometers, and a strong reflector about 8 kmbeneath the Moho reflector is indicated by both OBS and long-cable seismic records. Theidentification of a segment of Mesozoic subduction zone in NE south china {2. fills nicely the gapof the Great Late Mesozoic Circum SE Asia Subduction-acrretion Zone, which extended from Sumatra,Java, SE Kalimantan to N Palawan, and from Taiwan, Ryukyu to SW Japan.

关键词： Mesozoic, subduction zone, SE Asia, NE south china sea, geophysics.

Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation and its association with the Asian summer monsoon

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第7期51卷 1001-1012页

作者： sun JianQi1, yuAN Wei2.& GAO yuZhong3.1 Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre, {2. of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., china 2.5} Meteorological Administration Training Centre, Beijing 100081, china 3.Heilongjiang Meteorological Observatory, Harbin 15003., china Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China china Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing China Heilongjiang Meteorological Observatory Harbin China

Using correlation and EOF analyses on sea level pressure from 57-year NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data, the Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation (APNPO) is identified. The APNPO reflects the co-variability between the North Pacific high and south Asian summer monsoon low. This teleconnec- tion pattern is closely related to the Asian summer monsoon. On interannual timescale, it co-varies with both the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and south Asian summer monsoon (SASM); on decadal timescale, it co-varies with the EASM: both exhibit two abrupt climate changes in the middle 1960s and the late 1970s respectively. The possible physical process for the connections between the APNPO and Asian summer monsoon is then explored by analyzing the APNPO-related atmospheric circulations. The results show that with a strong APNPO, the Somali Jet, SASM flow, EASM flow, and south Asian high are all enhanced, and an anomalous anticyclone is produced at the upper level over northeast china via a zonal wave train. Meanwhile, the moisture transportation to the Asian monsoon regions is also strengthened in a strong APNPO year, leading to a strong moisture convergence over India and northern china. All these changes of circulations and moisture conditions finally result in an anoma- lous Asian summer monsoon and monsoon rainfall over India and northern china. In addition, the APNPO has a good persistence from spring to summer. The spring APNPO is also significantly corre- lated with Asian summer monsoon variability. The spring APNPO might therefore provide valuable in- formation for the prediction of Asian summer monsoon.

关键词： Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation East Asian summer monsoon south Asian summer monsoon wave train abrupt climate change

BTEX anomalies used as indicators of submarine oil and gas reservoirs

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第4期28卷 50-56页

作者： ZHANG Yong MENG Xiangjun sun Ping CHEN Yanli QU Peng Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environment Geology of Ministry of Land and Natural Resources Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology Ministry of Land and Natural Resources Qingdao 266071 China Qingdao institute of Marine Geology Ministry of Land and Natural Resources Qingdao 266071 China North china sea Branch State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266033 China

It is a conventional method for petroleum prospecting to generally use paraffin hydrocarbon as basic indexes of oil and gas. This conventional geochemical technology, however, shows some limits in the prospecting as paraffin is vulnerable to influences from human and biologic activities. Consequently, BTEX （short for benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylem, which are direct biomarkers） among aromatic hydrocarbon series has been taken into account for the oil and gas prediction. Domestic and foreign study results demonstrate that BTEX is hardly disturbed and can well indicate oil and gas reservoirs. Based on measured data from a south china {2. area, the present authors have used self-developed visual assessment software for petroleum prospecting has been used to process data, strip background anomalies, and outline significant BTEX anomalies. By comparison with stratigraphic profiles of the target area, it is confirmed that BTEX is a good indication of marine oil and gas during the petroleum prospecting.

关键词： BTEX submarine petroleum prospecting chemical anomaly oil and gas reservoirs