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Solubility of ion and trace metals from stabilized sewage sludge by fly ash and alkaline mine tailing

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第6期20卷 710-716页

作者： ZHANG Hongling sun lina sun Tieheng Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Key Laboratory for Environmental Engineering of Shenyang University Shenyang 110041 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Stabilized sewage sludge （SS） by fly ash （FA） and alkaline mine tailing as artificial soil, to be applied on the ecological rehabilitation at mining junkyards, offers a potentially viable utilization of the industrial by-product, as well as solves the shortage of soil resource in the mine area. An incubation experiment with different ratios of SS and FA was conducted to evaluate the solubility of ions and trace elements from stabilized sewage sludge. Results showed that fly ash offset a decrease in pH value of sewage sludge. The pH of （C） treatment （FA：SS = 1：1） was stable and tended to neutrality. The SO4^2- and Cl^- concentrations of the solution in the mixture were significantly decreased in the stabilized sewage sludge by alkaline fly ash and mine tailing, compared to the single SS treatment. Stabilized sewage sludge by FA weakened the nitrification of total nitrogen from SS when the proportion of FA in the mixture was more than 50%. The Cr, Ni, and Cu concentrations in the solution were gradually decreased and achieved a stable level after 22 days, for all treatments over the duration of the incubation. Moreover stabilized sewage sludge by fly ash and/or mine tailing notably decreased the trace metal solubility. The final Cr, Cu, and Ni concentrations in the solution for all mixtures of treatments were lower than 2.5, 15, and 50 μg/L, respectively.

关键词： stabilized sewage sludge fly ash mine tailing artificial soil trace element solubility

Drawing the identity of architect:Liu Jipiao as an artistic architect in the late 1920s China

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2021年第3期10卷 584-597页

作者： lina sun The Bartlett School of Architecture University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

This article investigates the responsibility of architectural drawing in developing the professional identity of modern architects in the late 1920s when Chinese architects started to emerge and assume the title of“architect.”Using architectural drawing as both its subject and its method,this research interrogates how a representative figure-Liu Jipiao employed the power of drawing to establish the identity of the modern Chinese *** paper argues that architectural drawing,in establishing the identity of the Chinese architect,faced the requirement to build an affinity between the architect and the *** entangled history of these two professions offers up Liu as the representative figure of the artistic ***’s artistic drawing fulfilled the previously mentioned requirement and earned the architects the artistic power that distinguished them from their counterparts-the *** the perspective of multiple modernities,the paper challenges the contemporary misreading of Liu Jipiao as an irrelevant individual intellectual and of his practice as a minor ***,this article invites further reflection on the modernity of Chinese architectural drawing,and shows how such drawing made more attempts to convey subjectivity rather than to transmit modern technique per se.

关键词： Identity of Chinese modern architect Architectural drawing Artistic architect Liu Jipiao Multiple modernities

The evolution of Liang Sicheng’s construction of Chinese architectural traditions in his drawings(1920se1930s)

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第2期12卷 319-336页

作者： lina sun Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Beijing 100044China

This article investigates one of the earliest attempts to systematically construct a building tradition and incorporate it into modern Chinese architectural *** efforts were put forth by Liang Sicheng(1901e1972),one of the most distinguished Chinese architects and architectural historians,in the 1920s and 1930s in China,informed by the strong collective intention to honour the Chinese *** article provides a historical and critical reflection on this collective intention that is still shared nowadays by architects and architectural *** article examines in depth the evolution of the different ways Liang used the building past and constructed the Chinese architectural traditions in different crucial stages of his architectural career in the 1920s and *** uses architectural drawing as both the research subject and the research *** of Liang’s representative drawings from these crucial professional stages are juxtaposed and investigated to reveal this evolution using the iconography and iconology method.

关键词： Liang Sicheng Chinese Architectural Traditions Architectural Drawings Juxtaposed Images Iconography and Iconology Method 1920s-1930s

Triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis genes and their expression patterns during the development of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第6期39卷 2295-2308页

作者： Yujia YANG Xiaoni LI lina sun Laboratory for Evolution and Development Institute of Evolution and Marine BiodiversityOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

Sea cucumbers are echinoderm species with a leathery skin and an elongated *** compounds,including saponins,have been previously isolated from sea *** majority of saponins derived from this organism typically belong to the triterpene glycosides,which exhibit various biological effects(e.g.,antifungal,cytotoxic,hemolytic,and cytostatic immunomodulatory activities).In the present study,30 saponin biosynthesis enzymes,namely 2 AACTs,2 FPSs,2 HMGSs,2 OSCs,1 SS,2 SEs,and 19 UGTs,were found in the genome of sea cucumber Apostichopus *** with upstream saponin biosynthesis enzymes(i.e.,AACTs,FPSs,HMGSs,OSCs,and SSs),the downstream saponin biosynthesis enzymes(SEs and UGTs)shared lower amino acid sequence similarity with the corresponding genes in other *** was proposed that the enzyme structures comprised bothα-helices andβ-***,only a low percentage ofβ-sheets were present in FPSs,OSCs,and *** saponin biosynthesis enzymes showed dynamic expression patterns during five critical developmental stages of ***(fertilized oocytes,blastula,gastrula,doliolaria,and penractula).The present study involved elucidation of putative saponin biosynthesis pathways in sea cucumber and provides a valuable platform for further investigation of saponin biosynthesis in echinoderms.

关键词： triterpene saponin biosynthesis sea cucumber enzyme expression development

Spatial pattern and driving factors of biomass carbon density for natural and planted coniferous forests in mountainous terrain,eastern Loess Plateau of China

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第1期7卷 104-116页

作者： lina sun Mengben Wang Xiaohui Fan Institute of Loess Plateau Shanxi UniversityWucheng Road 92Taiyuan 030006China

Background:Understanding the spatial pattern and driving factors of forest carbon density in mountainous terrain is of great importance for monitoring forest carbon in support of sustainable forest management for mitigating climate ***:We collected the forest inventory data in 2015 in Shanxi Province,eastern Loess Plateau of China,to explore the spatial pattern and driving factors of biomass carbon density(BCD)for natural and planted coniferous forests using Anselin Local Moran’s I,Local Getis-Ord G*and semivariogram analyses,and multi-group structural equation modeling,***:The result of spatial pattern of BCDs for natural forests showed that the BCD was generally higher in the north but lower in the south of *** spatial pattern for planted forests was substantially different from that for natural *** results of multi-group SEM suggested that elevation(or temperature as the alternative factor of elevation)and stand age were important driving factors of BCD for these two forest *** with other factors,the effects of latitude and elevation on BCD showed much greater difference between these two forest *** difference in indirect effect of latitude(mainly through affecting elevation and stand age)between natural and planted forests was to some extent a reflection of the difference between the spatial patterns of BCDs for natural and planted forests in ***:The natural coniferous forests had a higher biomass carbon density,a stronger spatial dependency of biomass carbon density relative to planted coniferous forests in *** was the most important driving factor,and the effect on biomass carbon density was stronger for natural than planted coniferous ***,latitude presented only indirect effect on it for the two forest types.

关键词： Spatial pattern Spatial heterogeneity Multi-group structural equation modeling Stand age Elevation Mountainous terrain

Study on the propagation velocity of internal solitary waves in the Andaman Sea using Terra/Aqua-MODIS remote sensing images

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第6期39卷 2195-2208页

作者： lina sun Jie ZHANG Junmin MENG First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Technology Innovation Center for Ocean Telemetry Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China

The Andaman Sea has been a classic study region for internal solitary waves(ISWs)for several decades,and extraordinarily large ISWs are characteristic of the Andaman Sea in the Indian *** paper presents results on the estimation of the propagation velocity of ISWs in the Andaman Sea that were tracked using 195 image pairs acquired by MODIS National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)Terra/Aqua satellites between January 2014 and December 2018.A total of 562 ISWs were identified during the period,and the results of the propagation velocity distribution of ISWs in the Andaman Sea are *** estimated propagation velocity of ISWs agrees well with the theoretical results derived from the Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation using monthly climatology stratification data and local *** ISW propagation velocity decreases as they propagate from deep to shallow water;the maximum propagation velocity of 3.27 m/s was estimated on the western side of the Nicobar Islands and minimum speed of 0.54 m/s occurred in the shallow water region of the southeastern Andaman *** results show that the ISW propagation characteristics differ in the northern,central,and southern regions of the Andaman *** the northern Andaman Sea,the velocity of ISWs propagating westward was greater than that of ISWs propagating eastward at the same water *** the central Andaman Sea,the propagation velocity of the ISWs differed over a small area at a depth of 2500 m,and the velocity of ISWs in the deep mixing layer in winter was higher than that in the shallow mixing layer in *** variations in ISW propagation velocity were analyzed in the southern Andaman Sea,and the velocity of ISWs differed greatly in shallow water and was not significantly different in deep *** depth and monthly stratification play vital roles in controlling the phase speed of ISWs in the Andaman *** study will provide a basis for the propagation and prediction of ISWs in the Anda

关键词： internal solitary waves propagation velocity remote sensing Andaman Sea

Synthesis of multifunctional additives for solid propellants:Structure,properties and mechanism

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 308-316页

作者： Pingan Zhang lina sun Jianmin Yuan Jianru Deng College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082PR China College of Material Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082PR China Hu Bei Sanjiang Aerospace Jianghe Chemical Technology Co. LtdYichang 444200PR China

To simplify the composite propellant formulation and address the current issue of the single-functionality present in existing additives,the multi-cyano,amine-based polybutadiene(AEHTPB-CN)was prepared based on AEHTPB by adopting appropriate synthesis *** replacing 10% of HTPB binder in the propellant formulation,it can effectively enhance the interfacial bond strength between the propellant binder matrix and solid fillers(AP(ammonium perchlorate)and RDX(cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine)),the mechanical properties of the HTPB/AP/RDX/Al propellant were superior to blank control propellant with an improvement of 35.4% in tensile strength,62.0% enhancement in elongation at break,and reduce the propellant burn rate by 10.7% with any energy *** function mechanism of AEHTPB-CN was systematically elucidated through experiments and computer simulation *** results show that the tertiary amine group in AEHTPB-CN can react with AP to form ammonium ionic bonds,and the hydroxyl and cyano groups can form hydrogen bonding interactions with AP,which enables AEHTPB-CN to be firmly adsorbed on the AP surface through chemical and physical *** RDX,the interfacial bonding effect of AEHTPB-CN is attributed to their ability to form C-H···N≡C weak hydrogen bonding interaction between the cyano group and RDX methylene group.

关键词： Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB) HTPB propellant Chemical modification Bonding agent Mechanism

A study of the spatial-temporal distribution and propagation characteristics of internal waves in the Andaman Sea using MODIS

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第7期38卷 121-128页

作者： lina sun Jie Zhang Junmin Meng First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources

This paper describes investigations of the internal waves in the Andaman Sea using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)imagery over the period of June 2010 to May *** of the spatial and temporal distribution,generation sources and propagation characteristics of internal waves are *** statistical analysis shows that internal waves can be observed in almost the entire area of the Andaman *** internal waves are observed in the northern,central and southern regions of the Andaman Sea.A significant number of internal waves between 7°N and 9°N in the East Indian Ocean are also *** waves can be observed year-round in the Andaman Sea,while most of internal waves are observed between February and April,with a maximum frequency of 15.03%in *** seasonal distribution of the internal waves shows that the internal waves have mostly been observed in the dry season(February to April),and fewer internal waves are observed in the rainy season(May to October).The double peak distribution for the occurrence frequency of internal waves is *** respect to the lunar influence,more internal waves are observed after the spring tide,which implies the spring tide may play an important role in internal wave generation in the Andaman *** sources of internal waves are explored based on the propagation characteristics of internal *** results indicate that six sources are located between the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands,and one is located in the northern Andaman *** regions with active internal wave phenomenon in the Andaman Sea were presented during the MODIS survey,and the propagation speed of internal waves calculated based on the semidiurnal generation period is smaller than the results acquired from pairs of the images with short time intervals.

关键词： internal waves remote sensing Andaman Sea MODIS

A numerical study of the generation mechanism of internal solitary waves in the Luzon Strait

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2015年第7期34卷 38-43页

作者： WANG Jing sun Meiling ZHANG Xudong sun lina MENG Junmin College of Information and Engineering Ocean University of China First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration

The South China Sea （SCS） is a hot spot for oceanic internal solitary waves due to many factors, such as the complexity of the terrain environment. The internal solitary waves in the northern SCS mainly originate in the Luzon Strait. The generation mechanism of the internal solitary waves in the Luzon Strait is discussed using a modulation instability. The energy gain of the modulation instability is derived based on the fully nonlinear Schr6dinger equation. The peak value of the gain is calculated under different conditions of stratification, wavelength and the initial amplitude of an internal tidal wave. The characteristics of the modulation instability in the Luzon Strait are investigated. The conditions that make the internal tidal wave evolve into an internal solitary wave in the Luzon strait are also obtained. The results show that the internal tide waves can generate the modulation instability in the Luzon Strait and that the maximum gain occur at the eastern sill of the Luzon Strait, where the internal tide waves start to break up into internal solitary trains. The magnitude and the scope of the peak gain are relevant to the stratification and the initial conditions of the internal tide waves. The numerical simulation results are consistent with the in-situ data.

关键词： modulation instability energy gain internal solitary wave fully nonlinear Schr6dinger equation Luzon Strait