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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 147-152页

作者： sun kyung hwang Ik Jae Park Se Won Seo Jae Hyun Park So Jeong Park Jin Young Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Applied Physics Sookmyung Women's UniversitySeoul 04310Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Systems Sookmyung Women's UniversitySeoul 04310Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials(RIAM) Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

In spite of the high potential economic feasibility of the tandem solar cells consisting of the halide perovskite and the kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4(CZTSSe),they have rarely been demonstrated due to the difficulty in implementing solution-processed perovskite top cell on the rough surface of the bottom ***,we firstly demonstrate an efficient monolithic two-terminal perovskite/CZTSSe tandem solar cell by significantly reducing the surface roughness of the electrochemically deposited CZTSSe bottom *** surface roughness(R_(rms))of the CZTSSe thin film could be reduced from 424 to 86 nm by using the potentiostatic mode rather than using the conventional galvanostatic mode,which can be further reduced to 22 nm after the subsequent ion-milling *** perovskite top cell with a bandgap of 1.65 eV could be prepared using a solution process on the flattened CZTSSe bottom cell,resulting in the efficient perovskite/CZTSSe tandem solar *** the current matching between two subcells involving the thickness control of the perovskite layer,the best performing tandem device exhibited a high conversion efficiency of 17.5%without the hysteresis effect.

关键词： CZTSSe monolithic tandem solar cells perovskite solution process surface roughness control

N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide as prognostic marker for patients of non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第8期20卷 2226-2232页

作者： SHON Ho sun hwang kyung Kuk BAE Jang Whan KIM kyung Ah LEE Jong Yun RYU Keun Ho Database and Bioinformatics Laboratory School of Electrical & Computer Engineering also PSM of School of Medicine Chungbuk National University Department of Medicine School of Medicine Chungbuk National University Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Chungbuk National University Department of Informatics and Convergence Chungbuk National University Cheongju

In this work, we analyzed only the patients of the NSTEMI (non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) who arrived at the hospital within 12 h after symptoms started. Using NSTEMI follow-up data within, the characteristics of the clinical data, the risk factor, and the blood tested in the hospital visit were analyzed for MACE (major adverse cardiac events) patients. MACE includes cardiac death, MI (myocardial infarction), Re-PCI, and CABG (coronary artery bypass graft). As a result, from the NSTEMI patients which can be followed up for over 12 m, NT-ProBNP (p=0.014) and age (p=0.045) are found to be the independent risk factors related to MACE. Accordingly, they can be useful for the diagnosis and prognosis for NSTEMI patients as a biomarker.

关键词： non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction NT-ProBNP cardiovascular disease

Significance of incidental focal fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in colon/rectum,thyroid,and prostate:With a brief literature review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第34期10卷 12532-12542页

作者： Haejun Lee kyung-Hoon hwang Department of Nuclear Medicine Gachon University College of MedicineGil Medical CenterIncheon 21565South Korea

BACKGROUND Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(F-18 FDG PET/CT),a functional imaging method,is usually performed on the entire torso,and regions of unexpected suspicious focal hypermetabolism are not infrequently *** the regions,colon,thyroid,and prostate were found to be the common organs in a recent umbrella *** studies reported that a high rate of malignancy was shown in incidentally identified focal hypermetabolic regions and suggested that further examinations should not be *** To investigate the malignancy rate of incidental focal FDG uptake,useful PET parameters and their cutoffs in discrimination between malignant and benign *** Retrospectively,the final reports of 16510 F-18 FDG PET/CT scans performed at our hospital between January 2016 and March 2022 were reviewed to identify incidentally observed FDG uptake in the colon/rectum,thyroid,and *** scans of patients with current or prior malignancies at each corresponding location,without the final reports of histopathology or colonoscopy(for colon and rectum)for the corresponding hypermetabolic regions,or with diffuse(not focal)hypermetabolism were ***,88 regions of focal colorectal hypermetabolism in 85 patients(48 men and 37 women with mean age 67.0±13.4 years and 63.4±15.8 years,respectively),48 focal thyroid uptakes in 48 patients(12 men and 36 women with mean age 62.2±13.1 years and 60.8±12.4 years,respectively),and 39 focal prostate uptakes in 39 patients(mean age 71.8±7.5 years)were eligible for this *** those unexpected focal hypermetabolic regions,rates of malignancy were calculated,PET parameters,such as standardized uptake value(SUV),capable of distinguishing between malignant and benign lesions were investigated,and the cutoffs of those PET parameters were determined by plotting receiver operating characteristic *** In the colon and rectum,29.5%(26/88)were malignant and 33.0%(2

关键词： Incidental Focal Uptake Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose Positron emission tomography/computed tomography Standardized uptake value

Effective I/O Scheme Based on RTP for Multimedia Communication Systems

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2006年第6期21卷 989-996页

作者： Nam-Sup Park Chong-sun hwang Department of Computer Science and Engineering Korea Univcrsity Seoul Korea

The prime standard for audio/video transport in IP networks is the Real-time Transport Protocol （RTP） and it is targeted at useful services for the transport of real-time multimedia data. RTP was originally designed for use in multicast conferences, using the lightweight sessions model. RTP （in particular, the data part） is so tightly coupled to the application that a number of people have developed libraries that implement RTP. However, little is known about the RTP overheads between user area and kernel area within operating systenl. Actually, unnecessary copying between user area and kernel area lowers the system efficiency. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of Enhanced Multimedia Input/Output Scheme based on LINUX. We brought focus to the crossover architecture supporting RTP. Our contributions are able to be summarized into two components： 1） Enhanced Input/Output （EIO） scheme based on LINUX improves the transmission speed by reducing the overheads generated from data copy and context switch between user area and kernel area. And this enables server-based system to transport multimedia data more efficiently. 2） Furthermore, Enhanced Input/Output scheme with RTP （EIORTP） scheme supports efficient multimedia data transmission architecture. The two schemes improve the performance of massive multimedia data transmission.

关键词： kernel area system call EIO RTP EIORTP

Focal incidental colorectal fluorodeoxyglucose uptake:Should it be spotlighted?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2466-2474页

作者： Haejun Lee kyung-Hoon hwang Department of Nuclear Medicine Gachon University College of MedicineGil Medical CenterIncheon 21565South Korea

Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose(F-18 FDG)positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)has emerged as a cornerstone in cancer evaluation imaging,with a well-established history spanning several *** imaging modality,encompassing the examination of the body from the base of the skull to the upper thighs,comprehensively covers the chest and abdominopelvic regions in a singular scan,allowing for a holistic assessment of nearly the entire body,including areas of marginal *** inherent advantage of this expansive scan range lies in its potential to unveil unexpected incidental abnormal hypermetabolic *** identification of incidental focal FDG uptake within colorectal regions during PET/CT scans is not an uncommon occurrence,albeit fraught with challenges associated with non-specific FDG *** presence of benign colorectal lesions or physiological uptake poses a particular obstacle,as these may manifest with FDG uptake levels that mimic ***,physicians are confronted with a diagnostic dilemma when encountering abnormal FDG uptake in unexpected colorectal *** studies have presented divergent results concerning these *** uptake value and its derivatives have served as pivotal metrics in quantifying FDG uptake in PET *** this article,we aim to succinctly explore the distinctive characteristics of FDG,delve into imaging findings,and elucidate the clinical significance of incidental focal colorectal *** discussion aims to contribute valuable insights into the nuanced interpretation of such findings,fostering a comprehensive understanding.

关键词： Focal Incidental Colorectal Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron emission tomography Hypermetabolism

Unexpected focal fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in main organs;pass through or pass by?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1885-1899页

作者： Haejun Lee kyung-Hoon hwang Department of Nuclear Medicine Gachon University College of MedicineGil Medical CenterIncheon 21565South Korea

Since the inception of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose(F-18 FDG),positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)utilizing F-18 FDG has become widely accepted as a valuable imaging modality in the field of oncology,with global prevalence in clinical *** that a single Torso PET/CT scan encompasses the anatomical region from the skull base to the upper thigh,the detection of incidental abnormal focal hypermetabolism in areas of limited clinical interest is both feasible and not *** investigations have been undertaken to delineate the distinctive features of these findings,yet the outcomes have proven *** incongruent results of these studies present a challenge for physicians,leaving them uncertain about the appropriate course of *** article provides a succinct overview of the characteristics of fluorodeoxyglucose,followed by a comprehensive discussion of the imaging findings and clinical significance associated with incidental focal abnormal F-18 FDG activity in several representative *** conclusion,while the prevalence of unrecognized malignancy varies across organs,malignancies account for a substantial proportion,ranging from approximately one-third to over half,of incidental focal *** light of these rates,physicians are urged to exercise vigilance in not disregarding unexpected uptake,facilitating more assured clinical decisions,and advocating for further active evaluation.

关键词： Incidental Focal Incidentaloma Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron emission tomography Hypermetabolism

Comparison of antioxidant capacity and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity between bitter melon(Momardica charanti) fruit and leaf extract

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第4期8卷 189-193页

作者： Eun-sun hwang Department of Nutrition and Culinary Science Hankyong National University

Objective:To compare the physiologically active substances,antioxidant and anti diabetic activities in vitro of bitter melon fruit and leaf ***:Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were measured using spectrophotometrically by gallic acid and catechin standard curves,*** radical-scavenging potential of bitter melon fruit and leaf extract were measured by DPPH,ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability and reducing power and anti-diabetic ability was evaluated byα-glucosidase ***:It was confirmed that the bitter melon leaf contained more total polyphenols and flavonoidsthan bitter melon *** melon leaf extract contained 2.8-fold and 4.9-fold higher total polyphenols and flavonoids than bitter melon fruits,*** DPPH radical scavenging activity of bitter melon leaf was 5.81-and 5.70-fold higherthan that of the bitter melon frui,based on200μg/mL and 400μg/mL of the extract,*** ABTS,hydroxyl radical scavenging ability and reducing power,the bitter melon leaf extract all showed higher antioxidant capacity than the bitter melon *** melon fruit showed 2.52-and 2.63-fold higherα-glucosidase inhibitory activity than bitter melon leaf extract at 200μg/mL and 400μg/mL,***:Based on our results,bitter melon may improve antidiabetic effects by upreguatingα-glycosidase ***,bitter melon leaf extract shows higher antioxidant potential than its fruit but bitter melon leaf extract does not show higherα-glucosidase inhibitory potential than bitter melon *** overall results support that bitter melon fruit and leaf may have specific torget effects on antidiabetic and antioxidant,respectively.

关键词： Bitter melon Polyphenols Flavonoids Antioxidant Antidia betic

Assessment of incidental focal colorectal uptake by analysis of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography parameters

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第17期10卷 5634-5645页

作者： Haejun Lee kyung-Hoon hwang Kwang An Kwon Department of Nuclear Medicine Gachon University College of MedicineGil Medical CenterIncheon 21565South Korea Department of Gastroenterology Gachon University College of MedicineGil Medical CenterIncheon 21565South Korea

BACKGROUND Colon and rectal cancers are among the top five cancers worldwide in terms of their incidence and mortality *** the treatment options for cure include surgery even in specific advanced-stage cases,the early detection of lesions is important for applying active treatment ***-18 fluorodeoxyglucose(F-18 FDG)positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)is an established imaging study for many types of cancers;however,physiologic uptake in the gastrointestinal tract is a frequent finding and may interfere with lesion ***,as unexpectedly observed focal colorectal F-18 FDG uptake may harbor malignant lesions,further examination must not be *** To assess the clinical implications of unexpected focal colorectal F-18 FDG uptake by analyzing FDG PET *** A total of 15143 F-18 FDG PET/CT scans performed at our hospital between January 2016 and September 2021 were retrospectively reviewed to identify incidentally observed focal colorectal FDG ***,83 regions showing focal colorectal FDG uptake with final histopathological reports from 80 patients(45 men and 35 women with mean ages of 66.9±10.7 years and 63.7±15.3 years,respectively)were eligible for inclusion in the present *** focal hypermetabolic colorectal region was classified as malignant,premalignant,or benign according to the histopathological *** parameters such as maximum and peak standardized uptake value(SUVmax and SUVpeak),metabolic tumor volume(MTV),mean SUV of the metabolic tumor volume(mSUVmtv),and total lesion glycolysis(TLG)were measured or calculated for the corresponding hypermetabolic *** and nonparametric statistical comparisons of these parameters were performed among the three *** operating characteristic curves were plotted to identify cut-off *** The detection rate of incidental focal colorectal uptake was 0.53%(80/15,143).Of the 83 regions with unexpected fo

关键词： Colorectal Incidental Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose Positron emission tomography/computed tomography Standardized uptake value

Numerical evaluation of buckling behavior in space structure considering geometrical parameters with joint rigidity

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第3期21卷 1115-1124页

作者： Su-Deok Shon kyung-Ju hwang Seung-Jae Lee School of Architectural Engineering Korea University of Technology and Education School of Architecture University of Seoul

The buckling behavior of single layer space structure is very sensitive. The joint rigidity, moreover, is one of the main factors of stability which may determine the entire failure behavior. Thus, the reasonable stiffness of joint system, which is neither total pin assumption nor perfect fix condition, is very important to apply to the real single layer space one. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to investigate the buckling behavior of single layer space structure, using the development of the upgraded stiffness matrix for the joint rigidity. To derive tangential stiffness matrix, a displacement function was assumed using translational and rotational displacement at the node. The geometrical nonlinear analysis was simulated not only with perfect model but also with imperfect one. As a result, the one and two free nodal numerical models were investigated using derived stiffness matrix. It was figured out that the buckling load increases in proportion to joint rigidity with rise-span ratio. The stability of numerical model is very sensitive with the initial imperfection, responding of bifurcation in the structure.

关键词： space frame geometric nonlinearity snap-through bifurcation initial imperfection joint rigidity

Implementation of Turbulent Mixing over a Stratocumulus-Topped Boundary Layer and Its Impact in a GCM

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第5期26卷 995-1004页

作者： sun-Hee SHIN kyung-Ja HA Division of Earth Environmental System Pusan National University

The effect of a vertical diffusion scheme over a stratocumulus topped boundary layer （STBL） was investigated using the YONU AGCM （Yonsei University Atmospheric General Circulation Model）. To consider the impact of clouds on the turbulence production, the turbulence mixing term, driven by radiative cooling at the cloud top, is implemented as an extended non-local diffusion scheme. In the model with this new scheme, the STBL parameterization significantly influences the lower atmosphere over the tropical and subtropical regions. Consideration of the turbulent mixing within the cloud layer leads to continuous stratocumulus formation. The cloud-top radiative cooling tends to favor more rapid entrainment and produces top-down turbulent mixing. This cooling develops a mixed layer without initiation of deep convection by surface fluxes. Variations in thermodynamical and dynamical features are produced by planetary boundary layer （PBL） cloud development. The simulated stratocumulus induces more mixing of heat and moisture due to the cloud forcing. Over STBL regions, the lower boundary layer becomes warmer and drier. It also weakens vertical motion and zonal trade winds in the eastern Pacific, which indicates that stratocumulus cloud cover plays a role in weakening the Walker circulation; that is, cloud cover damps the tropical circulation.

关键词： stratocumulus topped boundary layer non-local diffusion scheme tropical circulation general circulation model