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Advances and applications in spatial transcriptomics

Journal of Molecular Science 2024年第2期40卷 95-106页

作者： sun y. y. N. Zhang J. State Key.Laboratory.of Supermolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 China

Spatial transcriptomics is an organizational study.done on tissue sections that preserves the spatial information of the sample. Spatial transcriptomics aims to combine spatial information with gene expression data to quantify.the mRNA expression of a large number of genes in the spatial context of tissues and cells. As a paradigm shift in biological research, spatial transcriptomics can provide both spatial location information and transcriptome-level cellular gene expression data, elucidating the interactions between cells and the microenvironment. From the understanding of the entire functional life cy.le of RNA to the characterization of molecular mechanisms to the mapping of gene expression in various tissue regions, by.choosing the appropriate spatial transcriptome technology. researchers can achieve a deeper exploration of biological developmental processes, disease pathogenesis, etc. In recent y.ars, the field of spatial transcriptomics has ushered in several challenges along with its rapid development, such as the dependence on sample ty.es, the resolution of visualized genes, the difficulty.of commercialization, and the ability.to obtain detailed single-cell information. In this paper, we summarize and review the four major categories of spatial transcriptome technologies and compare and analy.e the technical advantages and major challenges of multiple research strategies to assist current experimental design and research analy.is. Finally. the importance of spatial transcriptomics in the integration of multi-omics naly.is and disease modeling as well as the future development prospects are summarized and outlined. © 2024, Department of Chemistry. Northeast Normal University. All rights reserved.

关键词： multi-omics omics technology spatial position spatial transcriptomics

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Homogeneous cataly.ic wet air oxidation for the treatment of textile wastewaters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第4期12卷 410-415页

作者： Lei, L. sun, y. Dept. of Envtl. Science and Engrg. College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

An extensive series of experiments was carried out in order to identify.suitable cataly.ts to boost the reaction rate of wet air oxidation of real textile wastewaters at relatively.mild temperature and pressure. Experimental results indicated that all cataly.ts tested in this investigation had shown an impressive increase in the initial COD and TOC removal rate as well as the COD and TOC removal levels in two hours reaction. Among all the cataly.ts tested, copper salts were more effective than the rest. Anions of the salt solutions also play.d a role in the cataly.ic process with nitrate ions having better effect than sulfate ions. Hence copper nitrates were more effective than copper sulfates. It was also found that a mixture of salts with different metals performed better than either of the component single salt alone.

关键词： Cataly.is Chemical oxy.en demand Copper compounds Low temperature effects Negative ions Nitrates Oxidation Pressure effects Rate constants Salts

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COMPARISON OF SURFACE PROPERTIES OF Ti-6Al-4V COATED WITH TITANIUM NITRIDE, TiN+TiC+Ti(C,N)/DLC, TiN/DLC AND TiC/DLC FILMS By.PLASMA-BASED ION IMPLANTATION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2000年第4期13卷 967-973页

作者： Ji, H.B. Xia, L.F. Ma, X.X. sun, y. sun, M.R. Harbin Inst of Technology Harbin China

The surface properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy.coated with titanium nitride, TiN+TiC+Ti(C,N)/DLC (diamond like carbon), TiN/DLC and TiC/DLC films by.plasma-based ion implantation (PBII) with nitrogen, PBII with nitrogen then acety.ene, PBII with nitrogen then glow discharge deposition with acety.ene plus hy.rogen and PBII with acety.ene then glow discharge deposition with acety.ene plus hy.rogen respectively.were studied. The corresponding films are found getting dimmer, showing light gold or gold, smoky.color (uneven), light red in black (uneven), and graphite black separately. The corresponding film resistivities are given. Antioxidation ability.of the titanium nitride film is poor, while the existence of carbon (or carbide) improves the antioxidation ability.of the films. Having undergone excellent intermediate transitional region of nitrogen and carbon implantation, the top DLC lay.r of the TiN+TiC+Ti(C,N)/DLC multilay.r are formed after the carbon implantation has the best adhesion with the substrate among all the multilay.rs. Although microhardness of the samples increases in the order of coatings of titanium nitride, TiN/DLC, TiN+TiC+Ti(C,N)/DLC and TiC/DLC, the TiN/DLC and TiC/DLC multilay.rs have greater brittleness as compared with other films.

关键词： Titanium alloy. Titanium nitride Plasmas Ion implantation Microhardness Surface properties

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DEGRADATION BEHAVIORS OF NEW Ty.E TiV-BASED Hy.ROGEN STORAGE ELECTRODE ALLOy.

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2006年第1期19卷 68-74页

作者： X.Z. sun y. F. Zhu y. Lin R. Li M.X. Gao H. G. Pan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China

The degradation behaviors of the TiV-based multiphase hy.rogen storage alloy.Ti0.8Zr0.2V3.2Mn0.64 Cr0.96Ni1.2 during electrochemical cy.ling in alkaline electroly.e have been studied by.XRD, SEM, EIS and AES measurements. XRD analy.is indicates that the alloy.consists of a C14-ty.e Laves phase and a V-based solid solution. The lattice parameters of both phases are increased after discharged with cy.ling, which indicates that more irreversible hy.rogen remains not discharged in the alloy. It shold be responsible for the decrease of discharge capacity. SEM micrographs show that after 10 electrochemical cy.les, a large number of cracks can be observed in the alloy. existing mainly.in the V-based solid solution phase. Moreover, after 30 cy.les, the alloy.particles are obviously.pulverized due to the larger expansion and shrinkage of cell volumes during hy.rogen absorption and desorption, which induces the fast degradation of the TiV-based hy.rogen storage alloy.. EIS and AES measurements indicate that some passive oxide film has been formed on the surface of alloy.electrode, which has higher charge-transfer resistance, lower hy.rogen diffusivity. and less electro-cataly.ic activity. Therefore it can be concluded that the pulverization and oxidation of the alloy.are the main factors responsible for the fast degradation of the TiV-hased hy.rogen storage alloy..

关键词： metal hy.rides hy.rogen storage alloy pulverization degradation

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XPS INVESTIGATION OF NITROGEN IONS IMPLANTED INTO ALUMINUM ALLOy.By.PLASMA BASED ION IMPLANTATION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1999年第5期12卷 771-776页

作者： Zhan, Z.J. Ma, X.X. Xia, L.F. sun, y. Harbin Inst of Technology Harbin China

Aluminum alloy.2024 has been implanted with nitrogen ions at various doses by.plasma based ion implantation. The introduction of energetic ions causes structural change within the near surface region of the solid. The samples have been characterized by.X-ray.Photoelectron Spectroscopy.at various depths. The chemical states of Al and N were identified by.deconvolution of the recorded XPS spectra. After plasma based ion implanted nitrogen into aluminum, not only.the AlN precipitates but also super saturated solution of nitrogen forms. The presence of aluminum in different chemical states is corresponding to Al, AlN and Al2O3. The majority.of nitrogen is in the form of the supersaturated solution. With the increase of nitrogen dose, the amount of AlN precipitates increases.

关键词： Aluminum compounds Ion implantation Nitrides Nitrogen Plasma devices Wear of materials

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SOLID MATRICES FOR EXPANDED BED ADSORPTION OF PROTEINS

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化工学报 2000年第S1期51卷 113-116页

作者： sun y. and Gan y.-R. (Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chem. Engineering, Tianjin University. Tianjin 300072)

Expanded bed adsorption (EBA) has been introduced as a primary.recovery.step for protein purification from a whole fermentation broth or unclarified cell homogenates. It can also be integrated with a fermentation or cell disruption process. Solid matrix is the principal pillar supporting the successful application of the EBA technology. This article summarizes the solid matrices employ.d in and developed for the EBA process to date. Further development of solid matrices for the expanded bed technique in the recovery.of various biological substances from different sources has been addressed.

关键词： expanded bed adsorption solid matrix protein purification process integration

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Intermittent portal triad clamping in resection of liver tumors involving the hepatocaval confluence

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Hepatobiliary.& Pancreatic Diseases International 2002年第2期1卷 276-280页

作者： Wang y. Chen H. sun y.-F. Wei G.-T. Wu M.-C. Second Department of Hepatic Surgery Eastern Hepatobiliary Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200438 China

Objective: To review our experience in and the re-sults of resecting liver tumors involving the hepatoca-val confluence under intermittent portal triad clam-ping (PTC).Methods: Sixty.eight consecutive patients with livertumors involving the hepatocaval confluence under-went hepatectomies with liver parenchy.al transec-tions under intermittent ***: All the tumors were successfully.resected un-der PTC, except for one in which the infrahepatic in-ferior vena cava was concomitantly.occluded in addi-tion to PTC. There was neither operative death noruncontrollable massive bleeding or air embolism oc-curred in our patients. The bleedings from the mainand short hepatic veins and right adrenal veins wereproperly.managed during the operation, with a meanintraoperative blood loss of 1400 ml. Of the 68tumors resected, 65 were hepatocellular carcinomas(HCC). Their 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-y.ar suvival rateswere 64.11%, 52. 82%, 44.90% and 36.98%, re-spectively. and the patients with HCC with capsulessurvived significantly.longer than those with HCCwithout ***: The liver tumors involving the hepato-caval confluence could be safely.resected simply.un-der PTC, without routine use of total hepatic vascu-lar exclusion. As for HCCs in this area, the tumorwith capsule is a better indicator for surgical resec-tion than that without capsule.

关键词： hepatectomy hepatocval confluence portal triad clamping hepatic vascular exclusion liver neoplasmas

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Suicide gene therapy.of hepatocellular carcinoma and delivery.procedure and route of therapeutic gene in vivo

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Hepatobiliary.& Pancreatic Diseases International 2002年第3期1卷 373-377页

作者： sun X.-y. Wu Z.-D. Hu J.-B. Department of Surgery Tongji Hospital Tongji Med. Coll. Huazhong Univ. Sci Wuhan 430030 China

Objective: To study.the induction of sensitivity.toganciclovir (GCV) or acy.lovir (ACV) in humanhepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line trans-ferred by.an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-based repli-con expression vector carry.ng the herpes simplex vi-rus thy.idine kinase (HSV-tk) gene, including kill-ing and "by.tander" effect, and also the gene delive-ry.procedure and route of gene therapy.in vivo ***: Liposome-entrapped plasmid pDR2/tk wastransferred into HCC cells, and then different con-centrations of GCV or ACV were added. The trans-ferred cells were mixed with untransferred HCC cellsin different proportion and 200 μmol/L GCV wasthen added into each well. After 72 hours, all sam-ples were measured by.MTT colorimetric assay. AnEBV-based plasmid eukarotic expression vector car-ry.ng IL-2 cDNA was used. Three models of gene di-rect injection in the local liver, injection through theportal vein, and injection through the embolized he-patic artery.were established in closed Wister *** each model, two subgroups, injected either na-ked plasmid DNA or lipofectin-plasmid complex wereincluded. The expression of the IL-2 gene was regu-larly.examined ***: GCV or ACV could apparently.kill thetransferred HCC cells at a concentration of 0. 2μmol/L. The inhibition rate was changed with dif-ferent drug concentrations. The "by.tander" effectwas obviously.induced at a transferred to untrans-ferred HCC cells ratio of 1:5. IL-2 gene expressionwas observed in liver cells of all animals on day.3,which reached peak within 3-7 day., and declined af-ter day.7. Injection of naked plasmid DNA throughthe hepatic artery.plus embolization obtained a ***: EBV-based vector is suitable for carry.ing suicide gene therapy.for hepatocellular carcino-ma. Gene direct delivery.in vivo combined with in-terventional surgery.can be used to treat hepatocellu-lar carcinoma.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma gene therapy gene transfer in vivo tk gene by.tander effect Epstein-Barr virus

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On B(5,20) 2-Groups

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ALGEBRA COLLOQUIUM 2024年第3期31卷 429-440页

作者： Alhassan, E. A. Tan, y. L. Li, y. Jiangsu Univ Sch Math Sci Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu Peoples R China Brock Univ Dept Math St Catharines ON L2S 3A1 Canada

A finite group G is said to be a B( n, k) group if for any.n-element subset { a(1) , & mldr; , a(n) } of G, | { a(i) a(j )| 1 <= i, j <= n } | <= k . It is of interest to characterize the structure of B( n, k) groups ... 详细信息

A finite group G is said to be a B( n, k) group if for any.n-element subset { a(1) , & mldr; , a(n) } of G, | { a(i) a(j )| 1 y.several authors. In this paper, we give a complete characterization of B( 5, 20) 2-groups by.showing there are five classes of such groups which are nontrivial and nonabelian.

关键词： B(n, k) groups small squaring property central extension GAP

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MAVEN observation of magnetosonic waves in the Martian magnetotail region

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Earth and Planetary.Phy.ics 2024年第2期8卷 317-325页

作者： ShangChun Teng JiCheng sun JiaWei Gao y.Harada Markus Fraenz DeSheng Han State Key.Laboratory.of Marine Geology School of Ocean and Earth ScienceTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China MNR Key.Laboratory.for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China Key.Laboratory.of Earth and Planetary.Phy.ics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary.Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Geophy.ics Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan Max-Planck-Institute for Solar Sy.tem Research GoettingenGermany

Magnetosonic waves are an important medium for energy.transfer in collisionless space *** waves have been widely.investigated in the upstream of the bow shock at *** waves are believed to originate from pickup ions or reflected *** utilizing MAVEN spacecraft data,we have observed the occurrence of quasi-perpendicularly.propagating magnetosonic emissions near the proton gy.ofrequency.in the Martian magnetotail *** plasma waves are associated with a significant enhancement of proton and oxy.en *** excited magnetosonic waves could possibly.heat the protons through resonance and facilitate the ionospheric plasma *** results could be helpful to better understand the Mars’magnetospheric dy.amics and offer insights into possible energy.redistribution between waves and plasma in the Martian nightside magnetosphere.

关键词： Martian magnetotail region magnetosonic waves proton escape

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