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Effect mechanism of nonane-1,1-bisphosphonic acid as an alternative collector in monazite flotation:Experimental and calculational studies

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第5期40卷 822-830,I0006页

作者： Zhao Cao Xu Wu sultan Ahmed Khoso Wenbo Zhang Yuling Liu Mengjie Tian Jieliang Wang Institute of Mining Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014010China school of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Mining Engineering Mehran University of Engineering&TechnologyJamshoro 76062Pakistan Powder Metallurgy Research Institute Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources Wuhan 430081China

Monazite((Ce,La)PO_(4))is one of the major types of light rare earth minerals from which the light rare earth elements cerium(Ce)and lanthanum(La)are economically *** is extensively used to recover fine-grained *** oleate(NaOL)is considered as the collector with strong collecting ability for monazite ***,this study shows that its collecting ability is still *** this paper,a phosphonic acid,nonane-1,1-bisphosphonic acid(C9-BPA),was employed as the novel collector in place of *** experiments show that even when the C9-BPA dosage is less than one-fifth of the NaOL dosage,the monazite recove ry using C9-BPA as the collector is approximately 22 wt%higher than that using *** mechanism by which C9-BPA adsorbs on monazite was investigated using zeta potential,infrared(IR)spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPs)measurements as well as first-principles *** potential measurements show a more significant decrease in the zeta potentials of monazite after the addition of C9-BPA compared to those after the addition of *** C9-BPA-treated monazite,the characteristic peaks of C9-BPA are observed in the IR and C 1 s XPs spectrum,whereas for monazite treated by NaOL,no characteristic peak of NaOL was *** results show that C9-BPA has a stronger affinity towards the monazite surface than NaOL as confirmed by the higher adsorption energy of CP-BPA on the monazite surface(-204.22 kJ/mol)than NaOL(-48.48 kJ/mol).This study demonstrates an extensive application value and prospect of C9-BPA in monazite flotation and helps design novel collectors with strong collecting ability for monazite flotation.

关键词： Nonane-1,1-bisphosphonic acid(C9-BPA) Monazite Flotation First-principles calculation Rare earths

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Deep Trajectory Classification Model for Congestion Detection in Human Crowds

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 705-725页

作者： Emad Felemban sultan Daud Khan Atif Naseer Faizan Ur Rehman saleh Basalamah Department of Computer Engineering College of Computing and Information SystemsUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer science National University of TechnologyIslamabadPakistan science and Technology Unit Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Institute of Consulting Research and studies Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia

In high-density gatherings,crowd disasters frequently occur despite all the safety *** detection of congestion in human crowds using automated analysis of video footage can prevent crowd *** work on the prevention of crowd disasters has been based on manual analysis of video *** methods also measure crowd congestion by estimating crowd ***,crowd density alone cannot provide reliable information about *** paper proposes a deep learning framework for automated crowd congestion detection that leverages pedestrian *** proposed framework divided the input video into several temporal *** then extracted dense trajectories from each temporal segment and converted these into a spatio-temporal image without losing information.A classification model based on convolutional neural networks was then trained using spatio-temporal ***,we generated a score map by encoding each point trajectory with its respective class *** this,we obtained the congested regions by employing the non-maximum suppression method on the score ***,we demonstrated the proposed framework’s effectiveness by performing a series of experiments on challenging video sequences.

关键词： Crowd congestion trajectory classification crowd analysis

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High-temperature deformation behaviour of duplex stainless steel with hard boronised layer

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Journal of Iron and steel Research International 2021年第2期28卷 244-253页

作者： N.M.sultan I.Jauhari R.saidan M.F.M.sabri Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia

In order to understand the high-temperature deformation behaviour of alloy having hard surface layer,thermo-mechanically treated duplex stainless steel(Dss)is boronised for 0.75-6 h at 1223 K and subsequently deformed under compression mode at the same temperature under strain rate condition of 1×10^(-3),2×10^(-4) and 6×10^(-5) s^(-1) until strain of *** substrate microstructure is almost isotropic with grain size after boronising with layer thickness between 1.61 and 2.74μm.X-ray diffraction results confirm the formation of boride on Dss *** surface hardness of Dss increases from 387 to 1000-2400 HV after *** boronised layer with thickness of 20-40μm is formed at Dss *** results show that the flow stress of the deformation increases with the strain rate and boronising *** the boronised samples,the flow stress range is between 5 and 89 *** determine the actual effect of the boronised layer on the flow stress,the results are also compared with those from un-boronised samples having similar *** results suggest that at a constant grain size,even with the hardest layer,the effect of hard surface layer on the flow stress almost could be negligible when the deformation rate is slow,but at faster deformation rate,even in the layer with the least hardness,the flow stress shows a significant *** is also observed that the hard boride surface disintegration could be avoided at a sufficiently low deformation flow stress that could be attributed to superplasticity.

关键词： High-temperature deformation superplasticity Duplex stainless steel Hard boride layer surface integrity Grain size effect strain rate effect

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Ensemble Approach Combining Deep Residual Networks and BiGRU with Attention Mechanism for Classification of Heart Arrhythmias

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 341-359页

作者： Batyrkhan Omarov Meirzhan Baikuvekov Daniyar sultan Nurzhan Mukazhanov Madina suleimenova Maigul Zhekambayeva Department of Information systems Al-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityAlmaty050040Kazakhstan Department of Mathematical and Computer Modeling International Information Technology UniversityAlmaty050040Kazakhstan Department of software Engineering Satbayev UniversityAlmaty050013Kazakhstan

This research introduces an innovative ensemble approach,combining Deep Residual Networks(ResNets)and Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Units(BiGRU),augmented with an Attention Mechanism,for the classification of heart *** escalating prevalence of cardiovascular diseases necessitates advanced diagnostic tools to enhance accuracy and *** model leverages the deep hierarchical feature extraction capabilities of ResNets,which are adept at identifying intricate patterns within electrocardiogram(ECG)data,while BiGRU layers capture the temporal dynamics essential for understanding the sequential nature of ECG *** integration of an Attention Mechanism refines the model’s focus on critical segments of ECG data,ensuring a nuanced analysis that highlights the most informative features for arrhythmia *** on a comprehensive dataset of 12-lead ECG recordings,our ensemble model demonstrates superior performance in distinguishing between various types of arrhythmias,with an accuracy of 98.4%,a precision of 98.1%,a recall of 98%,and an F-score of 98%.This novel combination of convolutional and recurrent neural networks,supplemented by attention-driven mechanisms,advances automated ECG analysis,contributing significantly to healthcare’s machine learning applications and presenting a step forward in developing non-invasive,efficient,and reliable tools for early diagnosis and management of heart diseases.

关键词： CNN BiGRU ensemble deep learning ECG arrhythmia heart disease

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Effects of melt spinning process parameters and wheel surface quality on production of 6060 aluminum alloy powders and ribbons

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals society of China 2020年第5期30卷 1169-1182页

作者： sultanÖZTÜRK sefa Emre sÜNBÜL KürşatİCİN Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Karadeniz Technical UniversityTrabzonTurkey Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Gaziantep UniversityGaziantepTurkey

The aim of this study is to investigate the surface quality of the melt spinning wheel, which was changed from smooth type to textured structure, to atomize liquid metal to form powders. The effects of melt spinning process parameters like wheel speed, gas ejection pressure, molten metal temperature, nozzle–wheel gap and wheel surface quality on the morphological and microstructural features of 6060 aluminum alloy powders and ribbons were investigated. It was observed that ribbon type material was obtained with the smooth wheel and the powder was produced with textured type. The sizes of produced ribbons with smooth surface wheel varied in the range of 30-170 μm in thickness, 4-8 mm in width, and 0.5-1 m in length. The average powder size of the powders manufactured using the textured wheel was in the range of 161-274 μm, depending on the process *** the wheel speed, melt temperature and decreasing gas ejection pressure, nozzle-wheel gap resulted in the decrease of both ribbon thickness and powder size. The microstructures of the powders and ribbons were the equiaxed cellular type, and the average grain sizes diminished with decreasing the ribbon thickness and powder size. The maximum cooling rates were 2.00×10^5 and 1.26×10^4 K/s for the ribbon with thickness of 30 μm and for the powder with size of 87 μm, respectively.

关键词： melt spinning method 6060 aluminum alloy process parameters textured wheel

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Flow on oscillating rectangular duct for Maxwell fluid

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2012年第6期33卷 717-730页

作者： M.NAZAR F.sHAHID M.sAEED AKRAM Q.sultan Centre for Advanced studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics Bahauddin Zakariya University

This paper presents an analysis for the unsteady flow of an incompress- ible Maxwell fluid in an oscillating rectangular cross section. By using the Fourier and Laplace transforms as mathematical tools, the solutions are presented as a sum of the steady-state and transient solutions. For large time, when the transients disappear, the solution is represented by the steady-state solution. The solutions for the Newtonian fluids appear as limiting cases of the solutions obtained here. In the absence of the fre- quency of oscillations, we obtain the problem for the flow of the Maxwell fluid in a duct of a rectangular cross-section moving parallel to its length. Final!y, the required time to reach the steady-state for sine oscillations of the rectangular duct is obtained by graphical illustrations for different parameters. Moreover, the graphs are sketched for the velocity.

关键词： Maxwell fluid oscillating rectangular duct velocity field

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Optimization of Am-Be millicuries neutron source in a small volume cylindrical water tank for NAA

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2019年第3期3卷 78-83页

作者： Abdul Waheed M.Ishaq Mahmood sultan National Center for Physics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Radiation Physics Lab Physics DepartmentCOMSATS Institute of Information Technology(COMSATS University)IslamabadPakistan Centre for Earthquake studies National Centre for PhysicsQAUIslamabadPakistan

Background The neutron activation analysis(NAA)is a very powerful method for multi-element analysis of *** technique needs to be developed for low neutron flux in millicuries using the 241Am-Be neutron *** To optimize sample and neutron source geometry for maximumγ-ray yield for neutron activation *** Gamma ray neutron activation analysis(NAA)has been set up where a 50-millicurie Am-Be neutron source is *** this experimental setup,the neutron source is placed at the center of a cylindrical water tank of 40 x 40 cm in xyz plan,and thermal neutrons are produced at a distance of 1.2 cm from the *** system is used for the activation analysis of sodium carbonate,sodium chloride and copper with the gamma ray emissions of 1.37,1.73,2.25 and 2.76 MeV for 24Na and 0.511 MeV for 64Cu having half lives of 15 hrs and 12.9 hrs,*** thermal neutron activation analysis has been demonstrated by placing the samples at about 1.2 cm from the neutron *** and 3x3 inch NaI(Tl)gamma ray spectrometers have been used for the gamma ray spectrometry of these activated samples with the use of a Marinelli *** geometry of the sample with respect to the neutron source has been optimized for the maximumγ-ray yield in *** The geometry of the sample with respect to the neutron source has been optimized for the maximumγ-ray yield in *** increase in gamma ray flux distribution in the medium of water,due to the neutron source inside the tank,has been observed by a GM detector which is due to the production of short-lived 16N on activation of 16O in *** system can also be used for promptγ-ray analysis.

关键词： Am-Be neutron source sodium carbonate Copper samples NAA setup NaI(Tl) HPGe spectroscopy

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sVM and KNN Based CNN Architectures for Plant Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4257-4274页

作者： sukanta Ghosh Amar singh Kavita N.Z.Jhanjhi Mehedi Masud sultan Aljahdali Lovely Professional University Jalandhar144005India Department of Computer science and Engineering Chandigarh UniversityMohaliIndia school of Computer science and Engineering Tailor’s UniversitySubang Jaya47500Malaysia Department of Computer science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

Automatic plant classification through plant leaf is a classical problem in Computer *** classification is challenging due to the introduction of new species with a similar pattern and *** efforts are made to automate plant classification using plant leaf,plant flower,bark,or *** much effort,it has been proven that leaf is the most reliable source for plant *** it is challenging to identify a plant with the help of leaf structure because plant leaf shows similarity in morphological variations,like sizes,textures,shapes,and ***,it is required to normalize all plant leaves into the same size to get better *** Neural Networks(CNN)provides a fair amount of accuracy when leaves are classified using this *** the performance can be improved by classifying using the traditional approach after applying *** this paper,two approaches,namely CNN+support Vector Machine(sVM)and CNN+K-Nearest Neighbors(kNN)used on 3 datasets,namely Leafsnap dataset,Flavia Dataset,and MalayaKew *** datasets are augmented to take care all the *** assessments and correlations of the predetermined feature extractor models are ***+kNN managed to reach maximum accuracy of 99.5%,97.4%,and 80.04%,respectively,in the three datasets.

关键词： Plant leaf classification artificial intelligence sVM kNN deep learning deep CNN training epoch

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Modeling of sensor Enabled IrrigationManagement for Intelligent Agriculture Using Hybrid Deep Belief Network

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Computer systems science & Engineering 2023年第8期46卷 2319-2335页

作者： saud Yonbawi sultan Alahmari B.R.s.s.Raju Chukka Hari Govinda Rao Mohamad Khairi Ishak Hend Khalid Alkahtani JoséVarela-Aldás samih M.Mostafa Department of software Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia King Abdul Aziz City for science and Technology RiyadhKingdom of Saudi Arabia Aditya Engineering College Affiliated to JNTUK(Kakinada) SurampalemIndia Department of MBA Vignan’s Institute of Information and Technology(A)DuvvadaVisakhapatnamAP530049India school of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Engineering CampusUniversiti Sains Malaysia(USM)Nibong TebalPenang14300Malaysia Department of Information systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11564Saudi Arabia sIsAu Research Group Universidad Tecnológica IndoaméricaAmbato180103Ecuador Faculty of Computers and Information South Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt

Artificial intelligence(AI)technologies and sensors have recently received significant interest in intellectual *** the application of AI technologies and agriculture sensors in intellectual agriculture is urgently required for the growth of modern agriculture and will help promote smart *** irrigation scheduling systems were highly required in the agricultural field due to their capability to manage and save water deficit irrigation *** learning systems devise an alternative to conventional irrigation management through the automatic elaboration of predictions related to the learning of an *** this motivation,this study develops a modified black widow optimization with a deep belief network-based smart irrigation system(MBWODBN-sIs)for intelligent *** MBWODBN-sIs algorithm primarily enables the Internet of Things(IoT)based sensors to collect data forwarded to the cloud server for examination ***,the MBWODBN-sIs technique applies the deep belief network(DBN)model for different types of irrigation classification:average,high needed,highly not needed,and not *** MBWO algorithm is used for the hyperparameter tuning process.A wideranging experiment was conducted,and the comparison study stated the enhanced outcomes of the MBWODBN-sIs approach to other DL models with maximum accuracy of 95.73%.

关键词： Agriculture smart farming hyperparameter tuning artificial intelligence irrigation management sensors deep learning

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Robust Image Watermarking Using LWT and stochastic Gradient Firefly Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 393-407页

作者： sachin sharma Meena Malik Chander Prabha Amal Al-Rasheed Mona Alduailij sultan Almakdi Department of CsE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationGunturAndhra Pradesh522302India Deparmtent of CsE Chandigarh UniversityMohaliPunjab140413India Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityPunjab140401India College of Computer and Information sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer science College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran55461Saudi Arabia

Watermarking of digital images is required in diversified applicationsranging from medical imaging to commercial images used over the ***, the copyright information is embossed over the image in the form ofa logo at the corner or diagonal text in the background. However, this formof visible watermarking is not suitable for a large class of applications. In allsuch cases, a hidden watermark is embedded inside the original image as proofof ownership. A large number of techniques and algorithms are proposedby researchers for invisible watermarking. In this paper, we focus on issuesthat are critical for security aspects in the most common domains like digitalphotography copyrighting, online image stores, etc. The requirements of thisclass of application include robustness (resistance to attack), blindness (directextraction without original image), high embedding capacity, high Peak signalto Noise Ratio (PsNR), and high structural similarity Matrix (ssIM). Mostof these requirements are conflicting, which means that an attempt to maximizeone requirement harms the other. In this paper, a blind type of imagewatermarking scheme is proposed using Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT)as the baseline. Using this technique, custom binary watermarks in the formof a binary string can be embedded. Hu’s Invariant moments’ coefficientsare used as a key to extract the watermark. A stochastic variant of theFirefly algorithm (FA) is used for the optimization of the technique. Undera prespecified size of embedding data, high PsNR and ssIM are obtainedusing the stochastic Gradient variant of the Firefly technique. The simulationis done using Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) tool and it is shown that theproposed technique outperforms the benchmark techniques of watermarkingconsidering PsNR and ssIM as quality metrics.

关键词： Image watermarking lifting wavelet transform discrete wavelet transform(DWT) firefly technique invariant moments

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