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Self-Medi.ati.n Practi.e among Pharmaci.ts i. UAE

Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2015年第9期6卷 428-435页

作者： suleiman i. sharif Lai.a M. T. Bugai.hi. Rubi.n S. sharif Department of Pharmacy Practi.e & Pharmacotherapeuti.s College of Pharmacy University of Sharjah Sharjah UAE

Objecti.es: The purpose of thi. study was to determi.e the i.ci.ence of self-medi.ati.n behavi.r among practi.i.g pharmaci.ts i. UAE. Methods: Thi. anonymous questi.nnai.e-based study was conducted between October and December 2014, usi.g a prepi.oted questi.nnai.e. The questi.nnai.e was di.tri.uted to a total of 168 pharmaci.ts. Data were analyzed usi.g SPSS and results were expressed as number of respondents and percentage of total parti.i.ants. Results: The questi.nnai.e was completed by 149 pharmaci.ts, and response rate was 89% wi.h 53% of respondents bei.g Arabs. Out of the 149 pharmaci.ts respondents, 71 (47.7%) are males, and 78 (52.3%) are females. The mean age among pharmaci.ts was 28. Large number of pharmaci.ts practi.ed self-medi.ati.n (96.6%). The majori.y obtai.ed thei. medi.ati.n from pharmaci.s (92.6%). Most respondents were aware of bacteri.l resi.tance and the concept of rati.nal drug use. However, 69 (43%) of pharmaci.ts had used anti.i.ti.s wi.hout consultati.n i. the past year. The mai. reasons for self-medi.ati.n were that thei. health problem i. not seri.us (42%) and thei. knowledge on drugs and di.eases helps (31%). Reasons agai.st self-medi.ati.n i.cluded ri.k of mi.di.gnosi. of i.lness and ri.k of adverse effects. Pharmaci.ts tended to seek medi.al consultati.n mostly i. case of symptoms lasti.g for more than one week or when symptoms were worseni.g. Di.cussi.n: The frequency of self-medi.ati.n among pharmaci.ts i. hi.h. The professi.nal exposure to drugs and knowledge of i.lness and treatment choi.e remai.s the fundamental contri.utors to self-medi.ati.n practi.e among pharmaci.ts. i.terventi.ns to promote rati.nal self-medi.ati.n among practi.i.g pharmaci.ts are requi.ed and pharmaci.ts must be encouraged to enter the pati.nt role.

关键词： Self-Medi.ati.n Over-The-Counter Anti.i.ti.s Pharmaci.ts

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Drug Prescri.i.g Trends among Consultants and General Practi.i.ners i. Sharjah-UAE

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2015年第8期6卷 374-379页

作者： suleiman i. sharif Hoda Fazli.Yasami.Tajrobehkar Zei.ab Namvar Lai.a M. T. Bugai.hi. Department of Pharmacy Practi.e & Pharmacotherapeuti.s College of Pharmacy University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

Background: i.appropri.te prescri.i.g can lead to errors i. di.pensi.g medi.ati.ns and seri.us problems for pati.nts. Objecti.es: Prescri.ti.n analysi. can i.enti.y such drawbacks of prescri.i.g, i.crease awareness of prescri.ers of rati.nal prescri.i.g and consequently lead to proper deli.ery of pharmaceuti.al care and enhance therapeuti. outcomes. Methods: i. the present study, prescri.ti.ns i.sued by consultants from a hospi.al and by general practi.i.ners from pri.ate practi.e i. Sharjah-Uni.ed Arab Emi.ates were analyzed usi.g i.di.ators suggested by World Health Organi.ati.ns. These i.clude i.formati.n wi.h regard to prescri.er, pati.nt and the medi.ati.n prescri.ed. We also determi.ed the average number of drugs/encounter and % of prescri.ti.ns wi.h anti.i.ti.s and those wi.h i.jecti.ns. Data were collected and analyzed usi.g Mi.rosoft Excel and expressed i. terms of both counts and percentages. Results: Almost all prescri.ti.ns were handwri.ten wi.h easi.y readable ones bei.g 65% for consultants and 46% for general practi.i.ners. Average number of drugs/encounter was 2.1 and 2.8 for consultants and general practi.i.ners, respecti.ely. Anti.i.ti.s were prescri.ed i. 27% and 44%;generi. prescri.i.g was 5% and 10% by consultants and general practi.i.ners respecti.ely and 8% of prescri.ti.ns by consultants contai.ed i.jecti.ns. Vari.ble results were obtai.ed on i.formati.n regardi.g the pati.nt but consultants seem to be better i. documenti.g pati.nt’s age and gender. Consultants and general practi.i.ners tend to prescri.e 3 drugs and more i. 35% and 25% respecti.ely. The most commonly prescri.ed therapeuti. classes for both groups of prescri.ers were NSAi.s and anti.i.ti.s wi.h i.uprofen and amoxi.i.li.-clavulani. aci. combi.ati.n bei.g the most commonly prescri.ed drugs of each class. Conclusi.n: To i.prove prescri.ti.n wri.i.g, i.terventi.ns must i.clude, among others, i.corporati.n of topi.s on prescri.ti.n wri.i.g i. medi.al curri.ulum and programs of conti

关键词： Prescri.ti.n Analysi. Trends Consultants General Practi.i.ners

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Trends of Pedi.tri. Outpati.nts Prescri.i.g i. Umm Al Quwai., Uni.ed Arab Emi.ates

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2015年第1期6卷 9-16页

作者： suleiman i. sharif Aseel H. Nassar Fati.a K. Al-Hamami.Maha M. Hassanei. Ashkur H. Elmi.Rubi.n S. sharif Department of Pharmacy Practi.e & Pharmacotherapeuti.s College of Pharmacy University of SharjahSharjah United Arab Emirates

Background: Data wi.h regard to local drug prescri.i.g i. pedi.tri. populati.n i. scarce. Thi. study was carri.d out to i.vesti.ate the patterns of drug prescri.i.g for pedi.tri. outpati.nt i. a general hospi.al i. the Uni.ed Arab Emi.ates. Methods: A total of 707 prescri.ti.ns were collected from a governmental hospi.al i. Umm Al Quwai., Uni.ed Arab Emi.ates coveri.g the months of June and July, 2014. Encounters i.sued for pati.nts older than 12 years were rejected. A total of 520 prescri.ti.ns for age groups rangi.g from 1 week to 12 years were studi.d. Prescri.ti.ns were analyzed usi.g WHO drug use i.di.ators. Results: All prescri.ti.ns were electroni. and head lettered by the name of the hospi.al. Average number of drugs per prescri.ti.ns was 2.6 and all drugs were generi.s. Name of pati.nt, age and gender and prescri.er’s name and E-si.nature were present i. 100%. Pati.nt’s address, allergy and di.gnosi. were present i. 21.15%, 83.26% and 64.42% of prescri.ti.ns respecti.ely. Complete dosage regi.en was present i. all encounters. Pati.nts were prescri.ed one, two, three, four or more than four drugs per prescri.ti.n i. 23.84%, 27.88%, 26.53%, 12.69%, and 8.65% respecti.ely. The most commonly prescri.ed therapeuti. classes of drugs were anti.i.ti.s (44.60%), anti.i.tami.es (43.65%), and analgesi.s/anti.yreti.s (32.30%). The most commonly prescri.ed drugs among each class were amoxi.i.li. (40%), xylometazoli.e (61.23%), and paracetamol (87.5%). Conclusi.n: Present results i.di.ate that prescri.i.g trends for pedi.tri. populati.n seems to be rati.nal. However, there i. over use of anti.i.ti.s and there are some areas that warrant further attenti.n by the prescri.ers for a more si.ni.i.antly rati.nal prescri.i.g.

关键词： Prescri.ti.ns Trends Pedi.tri.s Outpati.nts Drug Use i.di.ators

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Evaluati.n of the Knowledge and Percepti.ns of Pati.nts towards Generi. Medi.i.es i. UAE

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2016年第9期7卷 369-378页

作者： suleiman i. sharif Raneem J. Chaar Zahraa Z. Albadrani.Jameel S. Shahwan Mohamed N. Badreddi. Mohamed A. K. Charbaji Department of Pharmacy Practi.e and Pharmacotherapeuti.s College of Pharmacy University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

Objecti.es: The objecti.e of thi. study was to evaluate the knowledge and percepti.ns of pati.nts towards generi. medi.i.es i. some Emi.ates of the Uni.ed Arab Emi.ates. Methods: A cross-secti.nal survey i.volvi.g pati.nts i. three Emi.ates was undertaken. A 23-i.em questi.nnai.e was desi.ned, pre-vali.ated and admi.i.tered. Results: The questi.nnai.e was fully answered by 96 pati.nts out of 120 produci.g a response rate of 80%. The majori.y of pati.nts were young Arab females wi.h a uni.ersi.y degree. Sli.htly less than 50% of pati.nts were havi.g a monthly i.come of less than ED 10,000. Results of the pati.nt’s survey i.di.ate that they have poor knowledge and percepti.n of generi. medi.i.es. They di. not know the meani.g of generi. or brand medi.i.es and thi. negati.ely i.fluenced thei. responses to consequent questi.ns. Conclusi.n: Pati.nts’ knowledge and percepti.n of generi. drugs were poor. Efforts are needed to i.crease publi. awareness of generi. drugs and possi.le brand substi.uti.n. Both the prescri.i.g physi.i.n and the di.pensi.g pharmaci.ts have an essenti.l role to play i. educati.g thei. pati.nts of generi. drugs.

关键词： Evaluati.n Pati.nts Generi. Medi.i.es Brand Medi.i.es Knowledge Percepti.n

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i.terpretati.n of Pharmaceuti.al Pi.tograms by Pharmacy and Non-Pharmacy Uni.ersi.y Students

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第8期5卷 821-827页

作者： suleiman i.rahi. sharif Manar Abdulla Amal Yousi. Duaa Mohamed Department of Pharmacy Practi.e & Pharmacotherapeuti.s M23-College of Pharmacy University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

Background: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the correct i.terpretati.n by uni.ersi.y students of i.ternati.nally avai.able pi.tograms and to assess the abi.i.y of the pi.tograms to convey the i.tended messages. Ai.: To compare the abi.i.y of pharmacy and non-pharmacy students to comprehend pharmaceuti.al pi.tograms. Method: Twenty ei.ht i.ternati.nally avai.able (Uni.ed States Pharmacopoei.l Conventi.n i.c. USP) pi.tograms were used throughout thi. study, whi.h was conducted wi.h 300 pharmacy and non-pharmacy students. Questi.nnai.es i.cluded relevant questi.ns, and parti.i.ants were i.structed to study the pi.tograms and wri.e thei. i.terpretati.ns. The Ameri.an Nati.nal Standards i.sti.ute requi.ement of 85% correctness cri.eri.n was used for correct i.terpretati.n. Di.ferences between responses of the two groups were calculated usi.g SPSS versi.n 18 and p i.ered si.ni.i.ant. Results: The majori.y of pharmacy (98%) and non-pharmacy (86%) students stated that pi.tograms should be i.cluded i. medi.i.e leaflet and they were helpful for all pati.nts. Out of the 28 pi.tograms 7 (25%) and 2 (7.1%) of them achi.ved the ANSi.requi.ement of 85% correctness cri.eri.n by pharmacy and non-pharmacy students respecti.ely. Conclusi.n: i.terventi.ns to i.crease publi. awareness of the usefulness of pharmaceuti.al pi.tograms are needed.

关键词： Pi.tograms Pharmaceuti.al i.terpretati.n Pharmacy Non-Pharmacy Students

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The i.pact of Cli.i.al Pharmaci.t i.terventi.ns on Drug and Anti.i.ti. Prescri.i.g i. a Teachi.g Hospi.al i. Cai.o

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2012年第4期3卷 458-461页

作者： Osama H. Mohamed i.rahi. suleiman El-sharif 1 Department of Pharmacy Practi.e College of Pharmacy at University of Sharjah Sharjah UAE 2 Department of Cli.i.al Pharmacy College of Pharmacy at Cairo University Cairo Egypt Department of Pharmaceuti.s and Pharmacology College of Pharmacy at University of Sharjah Sharjah UAE

Background: The present study was undertaken to i.vesti.ate the patterns of drug and anti.i.ti.s prescri.i.g i. a teachi.g hospi.al i. Cai.o, Egypt. Ai.: to determi.e the i.pact of i.terventi.ns on such trends i. an attempt to rati.nali.e drug use. Method: 1200 prescri.ti.ns and pati.nts' records coveri.g the months of January to December, 2011. Prescri.i.g patterns were analyzed usi.g WHO gui.eli.es wi.h regard to prescri.i.g, pati.nt care and health faci.i.y i.di.ators. The same parame-ters were agai. assessed after di.tri.uti.g anti.i.ti. gui.eli.es and holdi.g workshops acti.i.i.s di.ected towards rati.nal drug use. Results: The number of hospi.al vi.i.s resulti.g i. a prescri.ti.n was si.ni.i.antly reduced from 94% to 86% (P-value i. both cases none of the en-counters contai.ed a generi. drug. The average number of drugs per encounter was 2.7 and di. not decrease si.ni.i.antly after i.terventi.n. A si.ni.i.ant reducti.n was achi.ved i. the number of prescri.ti.ns wi.h anti.i.ti.s whereas reducti.n i. encounters wi.h i.jectable drugs was not stati.-ti.ally si.ni.i.ant. Peni.i.li.s was the most commonly prescri.ed class of anti.i.ti.s and amoxi.i.li. was the most frequently prescri.ed anti.i.ti.. A si.ni.i.ant reducti.n was observed i. both en-counters wi.h peni.i.li. and the total of those wi.h anti.i.ti.s. Analysi. of prescri.ti.ns wi.h anti.bi.ti.s revealed that peni.i.li.s, cephalospori.s and erythromyci. compri.ed 94% and 97% of all anti.i.ti.s prescri.ed before and after i.terventi.ns respecti.ely. Conclusi.n: The present results clearly i.di.ated that i.terventi.ns i.cludi.g di.tri.uti.n of anti.i.ti. gui.eli.es and runni.g workshops and semi.ars on rati.nal drug use to prescri.ers can lead to si.ni.i.ant i.provement i. prescri.i.g behavi.r.

关键词： i.terventi.n Cli.i.al Pharmaci.t Teachi.g Hospi.al Anti.i.ti.s Cai.o

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MRF-Based Multi.pectral i.age Fusi.n Usi.g an Adapti.e Approach Based on Edge-Gui.ed i.terpolati.n

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Journal of Geographi. i.formati.n System 2017年第2期9卷 114-125页

作者： Mohammad Reza Khosravi.Mohammad sharif-Yazd Mohammad Kazem Moghi.i.Ahmad Keshavarz Habi. Rostami.suleiman Mansouri Department of Electri.al and Electroni. Engi.eeri.g Shiraz University of Technology Shiraz Iran Department of Electri.al Engi.eeri.g Persian Gulf University Bushehr Iran Department of Electri.al Engi.eeri.g Yazd Branch Islamic Azad University Yazd Iran Department of Electri.al Engi.eeri.g Najafabad Branch Islamic Azad University Najafabad Iran Departmentof Computer Engi.eeri.g Persian Gulf University Bushehr Iran

i. i.terpretati.n of remote sensi.g i.ages, i. i. possi.le that some i.ages whi.h are suppli.d by di.ferent sensors become i.comprehensi.le. For better vi.ual percepti.n of these i.ages, i. i. essenti.l to operate seri.s of pre-processi.g and elementary correcti.ns and then operate a seri.s of mai. processi.g steps for more preci.e analysi. on the i.ages. There are several approaches for processi.g whi.h are depended on the type of remote sensi.g i.ages. The di.cussed approach i. thi. arti.le, i.e. i.age fusi.n, i. the use of natural colors of an opti.al i.age for addi.g color to a grayscale satelli.e i.age whi.h gi.es us the abi.i.y for better observati.n of the HR i.age of OLi.sensor of Landsat-8. Thi. process wi.h emphasi. on detai.s of fusi.n techni.ue has previ.usly been performed;however, we are goi.g to apply the concept of the i.terpolati.n process. i. fact, we see many i.portant software tools such as ENVi.and ERDAS as the most famous remote sensi.g i.age processi.g tools have only classi.al i.terpolati.n techni.ues (such as bi.li.ear (BL) and bi.cubi./cubi. convoluti.n (CC)). Therefore, ENVi. and ERDAS-based researches i. i.age fusi.n area and even other fusi.n researches often don’t use new and better i.terpolators and are mai.ly concentrated on the fusi.n algori.hm’s detai.s for achi.vi.g a better quali.y, so we only focus on the i.terpolati.n i.pact on fusi.n quali.y i. Landsat-8 multi.pectral i.ages. The i.portant feature of thi. approach i. to use a stati.ti.al, adapti.e, and edge-gui.ed i.terpolati.n method for i.provi.g the color quali.y i. the i.ages i. practi.e. Numeri.al si.ulati.ns show selecti.g the sui.able i.terpolati.n techni.ues i. MRF-based i.ages creates better quali.y than the classi.al i.terpolators.

关键词： Satelli.e i.age Fusi.n Stati.ti.al i.terpolati.n Multi.pectral i.ages Markov Random Fi.ld (MRF) i.tensi.y-Hue-Saturati.n (i.S) i.age Fusi.n Techni.ue Natural Sense Stati.ti.s (NSS) Li.ear Mi.i.um Mean Square Error-Esti.ati.n (LMMSE)

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