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Ele.trochemical biosensors for point-of-care testing

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第4期7卷 548-565页

作者： Jinsol Kim Juho Jeong Seung hwan Ko Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Point-of-care testing(POCT)is the practice of diagnosing and monitoring diseases where the patient is located,as opposed to traditional treatment conducted sole.y in a medical laboratory or other clinical *** has been le.s common in the recent past due to a lack of portable.medical devices capable.of facilitating effective medical ***,recent growth has occurred in this field due to advances in diagnostic technologies,device miniaturization,and progress in wearable.*** these developments,ele.trochemical sensors have attracted interest in the POCT field due to their high sensitivity,compact size,and *** are used in various applications,from disease diagnosis to health status *** this paper we explore recent advancements in ele.trochemical sensors,the methods of fabricating them,and the various types of sensing mechanisms that can be ***,we delve into methods for immobilizing specific biorecognition ele.ents,including enzymes,antibodies,and aptamers,onto ele.trode surfaces and how these sensors are used in real-world POCT settings.

关键词： Point-of-care testing(POCT) Ele.trochemical sensor Enzyme Antibody Health care

Microphysiological systems for modeling gut-organ interaction

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BIOCELL 2024年第8期48卷 1145-1153页

作者： JONG hwan SUNG Department of Chemical Engineering Hongik UniversitySeoulKorea

The gut is a digestive organ that absorbs nutrients but also plays a vital role.in immune response and defense against external *** comple. interaction between the gut microbiota and other organs including the immune system of the host has been known in various contexts,yielding the notion of‘axes’between the gut and other *** the presence of various gut-organ axes has been reported,the lack of adequate in vitro model systems for studying this interaction has restricted a deeper insight into these *** developed microphysiological systems(MPS),also known as organ-on-a-chip,allow researchers to study comple. interactions between diverse organs,and here we provide a review of how recently developed gut-on-a-chip systems are used for building models of various diseases that were difficult to study.

关键词： Microfluidics Gut-liver axis Gut-brain axis Microphysiological systems

Numerical study of axial-loaded circular concrete-fille. aluminum tubular sle.der columns

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 272-293页

作者： Xudong CHEN Jeung-hwan DOH Sanam AGHDAMY School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith University Gold Coast CampusBrisbaneQLD 4222Australia

Aluminum alloys have been widely applied in coastal and marine structures because of their superior sustainability and corrosion ***-fille. double.skin aluminum tubular columns(CFDAT)possess higher strength and better ductility than traditional reinforced concrete ***,few studies have been conducted on numerical simulation methods for circular ***,there has been no experimental or numerical study on intermediate-to-sle.der circular ***,a comprehensive numerical study was conducted on a modeling method for the first time to simulate the axial behavior of a sle.der circular *** study outlines the development of numerical modeling techniques and presents a series of comparative studies using various material nonlinearities,confinement effects,and nonlinearity of the initial geometric imperfections for a sle.der *** numerical results were compared with more than 80 previously available.stub and sle.der experimental test results for *** was confirmed that the proposed numerical technique was reliable.and accurate for simulating the axial behavior of intermediate and sle.der circular ***,a parametric study was conducted to investigate the effects of geometric and material properties on the axial capacity of the ***,the sle.derness and strength-to-width ratio of CFDAT were compared with those of concrete-fille. double.skin steel tubular columns(CFDST).The simulated axial strengths were compared with those predicted using AS 5100 and AISC *** design equations for the CFDATs should be proposed based on AS 5100.

关键词： axial behavior aluminum concrete-fille. double.skin sle.der columns numerical modelling

Boundle.s love:a German Professor Uli Schwarz in China

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Protein & Cell 2024年第8期15卷 553-558页

作者： le.Kang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

More than 20 years ago,an old German man embarked on a quest to explore the suburbs of Shanghai and the villages of jiangsu Province in search of antique Chinese *** was not a mere antique colle.tor or aficionado of ancient furmiture,but a German scientist motivated by his profound love of Chinese *** name was Uli Schwarz(Fig.1),a distinguished German scientist who had dedicated the majority of his life to promoting cross-cultural scientific exchanges,an effort that le.t an indelible.mark on the landscape of research collaborations between China and Germany.

关键词： Schwarz German landscape

Synthesis of hierarchically porous carbon materials by zinc salts-assisted carbonization of biomass and organic solid wastes

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 45-52页

作者： le.le.Zhang le. Tong Yanwei Ding Wanqun Zhang Hai-Wei Liang Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

Hierarchically porous carbons(HPCs)with multimodal pores have attracted considerable.attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties and various application potentials in heterogeneous catalysis,environmental treatment,and energy storage and ***,we report a general and simple.zinc salts-assisted method for the synthesis of HPCs with varied porosity and chemical func-tionalities by the direct carbonization of diverse biomass and *** the carbonization,zinc salts are thermally decomposed into nanoparticle. that serve as in-situ templates to introduce nanopores in *** prepared HPCs exhibit high specific surface areas(up to 2432 m2 g-1),large pore volumes(up to 4.30 cm^(3)g^(-1)),and broad pore size ***,the zinc salts can be recovered and recycle.,supporting the sustainable.production of HPCs on large *** prepared HPCs-supported catalysts with atomically dispersed metal sites exhibit promising ele.trocatalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction.

关键词： Hierarchical porous carbon Zinc salts Biomass Wastes Ele.trocatalysis

Contrasting physical mechanisms of yellowfin tuna fluctuations between the western and eastern Indian Ocean

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 960-971页

作者： Peng LIAN le.GAO Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Forecasting and Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266061China

As an economically critical pelagic migratory species,yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacores,YFT)is very sensible.to physical and environmental conditions,such as sea surface temperature(SST),ocean heat content(OHC),and the mixed layer depth(MLD).We investigated the impact of SST,OHC,and MLD on fluctuations of YFT catch in the western/eastern Indian Ocean using the long time series of 63-year environmental and YFT *** found that the impact of SST on YFT was heavily overestimated in the past,and MLD plays a more critical role.in the YFT catch *** the MLD deepens(>34.8 m),SST was more influential in predicting the catches of YFT than OHC in the western Indian Ocean,and OHC was more critical to YFT than SST in the eastern Indian ***,when the MLD shallows(<34.8 m),MLD was more vital to predict the catch per unit effort(CPUE)of YFT than SST/OHC in the *** 2000,there was an asynchronous pattern of YFT CPUE induced by higher frequency variations and ocean hiatus of SST/OHC signals in the western and eastern Indian Oceans *** impact of the subsurface hiatus may induce the decrease of YFT in the eastern Indian *** above findings clarified a non-stationary relationship between the environmental factors and catches of YFT and provided new insights into variations in YFT abundance.

关键词： yellowfin tuna Indian Ocean sea surface temperature(SST) ocean heat content(OHC) mixed layer depth(MLD) hiatus

Machine le.rning based models for predicting compressive strength of geopolymer concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 1028-1049页

作者： Quang-Huy le.Duy-Hung NGUYEN Thanh SANG-TO Samir KHATIR Hoang le.MINH Amir H.GANDOMI Thanh CUONG-le Center for Engineering Application and Technology Solutions Ho Chi Minh City Open UniversityHo Chi Minh 700000Vietnam Institute of Civil Engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of TransportHo Chi Minh 700000Vietnam Faculty of Engineering&Information Technology University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW 2007Australia

Recently,great attention has been paid to geopolymer concrete due to its advantageous mechanical and environmentally friendly *** effort has been made in experimental studies to advance the understanding of geopolymer concrete,in which compressive strength is one of the most important *** facilitate engineering work on the material,an efficient predicting model is *** this study,three machine le.rning(ML)-based models,namely deep neural network(DNN),K-nearest neighbors(KNN),and support vector machines(SVM),are developed for forecasting the compressive strength of the geopolymer concrete.A total of 375 experimental sample. are colle.ted from the literature to build a database for the development of the predicting models.A careful procedure for data preprocessing is imple.ented,by which outliers are examined and removed from the database and input variable. are standardized before feeding to the fitting *** standard K-fold cross-validation approach is applied for evaluating the performance of the models so that overfitting status is well managed,thus the generalizability of the models is *** effectiveness of the models is assessed via statistical metrics including root mean squared error(RMSE),mean absolute error(MAE),correlation coefficient(R),and the recently proposed performance index(PI).The basic mean square error(MSE)is used as the loss function to be minimized during the model fitting *** three ML-based models are successfully developed for estimating the compressive strength,for which good correlations between the predicted and the true values are obtained for DNN,KNN,and *** numerical results suggest that the DNN model generally outperforms the other two models.

关键词： geopolymer concrete compressive strength prediction machine-le.rning based model deep neural network K-nearest neighbor support vector machines

Impacts of central-Pacific El Niño and physical drivers on eastern Pacific bigeye tuna

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 972-987页

Bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus is an important migratory species that forages deeply,and El Niño events highly influence its distribution in the eastern Pacific *** sea surface temperature is widely recognized as the main factor affecting bigeye tuna(BET)distribution during El Niño events,the role. of different types of El Niño and subsurface oceanic signals,such as ocean heat content and mixed layer depth,remain *** conducted A spatial-temporal analysis to investigate the relationship among BET distribution,El Niño events,and the underlying oceanic signals to address this knowle.ge *** used monthly purse seine fisheries data of BET in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean(ETPO)from 1994 to 2012 and extracted the central-Pacific El Niño(CPEN)indices based on Niño 3 and Niño ***,we employed Explainable.Artificial Intelligence(XAI)models to identify the main patterns and feature importance of the six environmental variable. and used information flow analysis to determine the causality between the sele.ted factors and BET ***,we analyzed Argo datasets to calculate the vertical,horizontal,and zonal mean temperature differences during CPEN and normal years to clarify the oceanic thermodynamic structure differences between the two types of *** findings reveal that BET distribution during the CPEN years is mainly driven by advection feedback of subsurface warmer thermal signals and vertically warmer habitats in the CPEN domain area,especially in high-yield fishing *** high frequency of CPEN events will likely le.d to the westward shift of fisheries centers.

关键词： bigeye tuna central-Pacific El Niño(CPEN) ocean heat content Argo explainable.artificial intelligence(XAI) information flow

A Comprehensive Survey of Recent Transformers in Image,Video and Diffusion Models

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 37-60页

作者： Dinh Phu Cuong le.Dong Wang Viet-Tuan le Colle.e of Computer Science and Ele.tronic Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha410082China Faculty of Information Technology Yersin University of Da LatDa Lat66100Vietnam Faculty of Information Technology Ho Chi Minh City Open UniversityHo Chi Minh City722000Vietnam

Transformer models have emerged as dominant networks for various tasks in computer vision compared to Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs).The transformers demonstrate the ability to model long-range dependencies by utilizing a self-attention *** study aims to provide a comprehensive survey of recent transformerbased approaches in image and video applications,as well as diffusion *** begin by discussing existing surveys of vision transformers and comparing them to this ***,we review the main components of a vanilla transformer network,including the self-attention mechanism,feed-forward network,position encoding,*** the main part of this survey,we review recent transformer-based models in three categories:Transformer for downstream tasks,Vision Transformer for Generation,and Vision Transformer for *** also provide a comprehensive overview of recent transformer models for video tasks and diffusion *** compare the performance of various hierarchical transformer networks for multiple.tasks on popular benchmark ***,we explore some future research directions to further improve the field.

关键词： Transformer vision transformer self-attention hierarchical transformer diffusion models