Objective:To investigate the in vivo efficacy and immune-modulatory potential of antagonistic strain,Streptomyces ***15 isolated from marine sponge in Penaeus monodon(***).Methods:In this study,culture of Streptomyces...
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Objective:To investigate the in vivo efficacy and immune-modulatory potential of antagonistic strain,Streptomyces ***15 isolated from marine sponge in Penaeus monodon(***).Methods:In this study,culture of Streptomyces *** incorporated into a commercial *** was orally administered with MAPS15 diet for a period of 21 days followed by a challenge experiment and survival rate was *** addition,the effect of MAPS15 diet on immunological parameters of the haemolymph of *** was also ***:The overall results of the study showed that survival performance was prominent in MAPS15 treated group when compared with un-treated control *** could pertain to the ability of MAPS15 to produce antibiotic compounds to suppress the growth of invading pathogens and thereby increase the disease resistance potency and survival *** the results of the immunological studies,it can be envisaged that the immune responses were generally more pronounced with MAPS15 diet treated ***:Based on the overall findings,it could be inferred that the health of *** is improved when they are fed with MAPS15 diet for a period of 21 days.
Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) rupture is one of the commonest knee sport injuries. The annual incidence of the ACL injury is between 100000-200000 in the United States. Worldwide around 400000 ACL reconstructions ar...
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Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) rupture is one of the commonest knee sport injuries. The annual incidence of the ACL injury is between 100000-200000 in the United States. Worldwide around 400000 ACL reconstructions are performed in a year. The goal of ACL reconstruction is to restore the normal knee anatomy and kinesiology. The tibial and femoral tunnel placements are of primordial importance in achieving this outcome. Otherfactors that influence successful reconstruction are types of grafts, surgical techniques and rehabilitation programmes. A comprehensive understanding of ACL anatomy has led to the development of newer techniques supplemented by more robust biological and mechanical concepts. In this review we are mainly focussing on the evolution of tunnel placement in ACL reconstruction, focusing on three main categories, i.e., anatomical, biological and clinical outcomes. The importance of tunnel placement in the success of ACL reconstruction is well researched. Definite clinical and functional data is lacking to establish the superiority of the single or double bundle reconstruction technique. While there is a trend towards the use of anteromedial portals for femoral tunnel placement, their clinical superiority over trans-tibial tunnels is yet to be established.
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