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Neovascular Glaucoma: An Update on Etiopathogenesis, Diagnostics and Management

Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2022年第3期12卷 242-258页

作者： Sunil Kumar sujata kumari Ajay Kumar Sinha Patna Medical College Patna India

Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a severe secondary and refractory *severe secondary conditio, that accounts for a varying prevalence between 0.01% to 5.1% of all glaucoma those studied in different regions of the world. **This is a pathological condition, which is caused by the new vessels over iris surface and followed by fibrovascular membrane formation over the trabecular meshwork, secondary to a local angiogenic stimulus. The fibrovascular membrane over trabecular meshwork obstructs the aqueous outflow at an angle of the anterior chamber. ***The obstruction in outflow of the aqueous results increase of intraocular pressure (IOP), within the eyeball. NVG results from a number of ocular and systemic conditions with retinal ischemia leading to anoxia as a mediator in over 95% of cases. Most of them are affected with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) followed by central retinal venous occlusion (CRVO), and ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) along with other uncommon causes or all those causes that causes retinal anoxia which led to angiogenic activity in retina and iris of eye. Although NVG overall prevalence is low, but it is a dreadful condition led to blindness. The objective of this review is to provide detailed information on its basic and clinical aspects, to enable us to manage it logically. Here its etiopathogenesis, methods of early diagnosis and management are discussed. It was concluded that if NVG is detected earlier and managed systematically (both medical and surgical) along with an eye on alleviation of different aggravating factors of the retinal hypoxia, it could be a sight-saving measure to the affected person.

关键词： Neovascular Glaucoma Rubeosis Iridis Retinal Hypoxia Diabetic Retinopa-thy Central Retinal Venous Occlusion Ocular Ischemic Syndrome

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Increase in Organochlorine Contaminant Levels in Major Water Sources of the United States in Response to the Coronavirus Pandemic

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 111-143页

作者： Wendy Wilburn sujata Guha Ryan Beni Department of Biological Sciences Tennessee State University Nashville TN USA Department of Chemistry Tennessee State University Nashville TN USA

Organochlorine contaminants, such as triclosan (TCS), are present in major water sources across the United States. These antimicrobial compounds are widely used as multipurpose ingredients in everyday consumer products. They can be ingested or absorbed through the skin and are found in human blood, breast milk, and urine samples. Studies have shown that the increased use of antimicrobial agents leads to their presence and persistence in the ecosystem, particularly in soil and watersheds. Many studies have highlighted emerging concerns associated with the overuse of TCS, including dermal irritations, a higher incidence of antibacterial-related allergies, microbial resistance, disruptions in the endocrine system, altered thyroid hormone activity, metabolism, and tumor metastasis and growth. Organochlorine contaminant exposures play a role in inflammatory responsiveness, and any unwarranted innate response could lead to adverse outcomes. The capacity of TCS and other organochlorine contaminants to induce inflammation, resulting in persistent and chronic inflammation, is linked to various pathologies, such as cardiovascular disease and several types of cancers. Chronic inflammation presents a severe consequence of exposure to these antimicrobial agents, as any changes could result in the loss of immune competence. Organochlorine contaminant levels were established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2019-2020 and have consistently increased in response to the novel coronavirus (nCoV) (COVID-19) pandemic. Our previous research examined the overuse of products containing triclosan (TCS), which led to an increase in total trihalomethane (TTHM) levels affecting the quality of our water supply. We also investigated the impact of the FDA ban that now requires pre-market approval. To comprehend the consequences of excessive antimicrobial use on water quality, we conducted an analysis of the levels of total trichloromethane (chloroform), a byproduct of

关键词： Organochlorine Contaminants Triclosan Trihalomethane Chloroform Water Quality

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Stem Cell Niche,the Microenvironment and Immunological Crosstalk

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2008年第2期5卷 107-112页

作者： Law sujata S.Chaudhuri Stem Cell Research and Application Unit Department of Biochemistry and Medical BiotechnologySchool of Tropical MedicineC R AvenueKolkata 700073India

The concept of stem cells, their physiological existence, the intricate anatomical localization, the known and the unknown functions, and their exclusive utility for the purpose of regenerative medicine, are all now encompassed within an emergent question, ＇how compatible these cells are immunologically？＇ Indeed, the medical aspects of stem cells are dependent on a large number of queries based on the basic properties of the cells. It has greatly been emphasized to probe into the basic research on stem cells before any successful therapeutic attempts are made. One of the intricate aspects of the adult stem cells is its immunological behavior in relation to the microenvironmental associates, the stromal cells in the presence of a suitable target. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology.

关键词： stem cell niche stromal immunology

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Solvent extraction of neodymium(Ⅲ) from acidic nitrate medium using Cyanex 921 in kerosene

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Journal of Rare Earths 2012年第8期30卷 794-797页

作者： Nandita Panda Niharbala Devi sujata Mishra Department of Chemistry Institute of Technical Education and Research Siksha 'O' Anusandhan deemed to be University

The extraction of neodymium（III） from acidic nitrate medium was investigated using Cyanex 921 as extractant in kerosene. The metal concentration in the aqueous phase before and after extraction was determined spectrophotometrically by Arsenazo III method. The complete equilibration was achieved in 15 rain. The effects of shaking time, nitric acid concentration, nitrate concentration, extractant concen- tration, and temperature on the extraction were studied. The extraction of Nd（III） was found to increase very slowly with increase in concen- tration of HNO3 in the range of 0.001-3.008 mol/L and then decreased when 0.01 mol/L HNO3 was used. The percentage of extraction was increased with increase in nitrate concentration from 0.01M）.45 mol/L and then decreased when nitrate concentration increased to 0.5 mol/L. Quantitative extraction of Nd（III）（98%） was obtained from the aqueous phase containing 0.001 mol/L HNO3 and 0.1 mol/L KNO3 using 0.5 mol/L Cyanex 921. On the basis of slope analysis, the extracted complex in the organic phase was proposed to be Nd（NO3）3.2Cyanex 921. The extraction of Nd（III） was found to increase with increase in concentration of metal ion in the range of 0.0014）.05 mol/L from 0.001 mol/L HNO3 and 0.1 mol/L KNO3 with 0.1 mol/L Cyanex 921. The percentage of extraction of neodymium was found to decrease with in- crease in temperature. From temperature variation studies, the negative value of AH indicated the extraction reaction to be exothermic and the negative value of AS indicated the formation of a stable complex, Almost 100% Nd（III） was recovered from the fully loaded organic phase using 0.002 mol/L H2SO4 and 0.01 mol/L HCl.

关键词： extraction neodymium(III) acidic nitrate Cyanex 921 kerosene stripping rare earths

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Extraction of Zr(IV) from hydrochloric acid with tri-octyl amine and Cyanex 921 in kerosene

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第9期20卷 823-828页

作者： Bhikari Charan Bhatta Nandita Panda sujata Mishra Department of Chemistry College of Engineering and Technology Biju Pattanaik University of Technology Department of Chemistry Institute of Technical Education and Research Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University

This article reports the extraction of zirconium （IV） from aqueous HC1 solution by tri-octyl amine （TOA）, Cyanex 921, and their binary mixture using kerosene as the diluent. The effect of some parameters on the extraction of Zr（IV） was investigated such as equilibration time, aqueous phase acidity, extractant molarity, chloride ion concentration, nature of diluents, and temperature. The extraction of Zr（IV） was found to be 99% from 7.5 M HC1 using the mixture of extractants containing 0.1 M TOA and 0.02 M Cyanex 921 in kerosene. Kerosene was found to be the effective diluent for the extraction of Zr（IV） with the binary mixture of TOA and Cyanex 921. The positive enthalpy change and positive entropy change in the binary extraction system show the endothermic process with an increase in entropy. Stripping of Zr（IV） from the loaded organic phase containing the mixture of TOA （0.1 M） and Cyanex 921 （0.02 M） indicates that HNO3 and Na2CO3 are the best stripping agents.

关键词： zirconium solvent extraction hydrochloric acid tri-octyl amine Cyanex 921 kerosene

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Digitally controlled oscillator design with a variable capacitance XOR gate

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Journal of Semiconductors 2011年第10期32卷 86-92页

作者： Manoj Kumar Sandeep K.Arya sujata Pandey Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and TechnologyHisarIndia Amity University NoidaIndia

A digitally controlled oscillator（DCO） using a three-transistor XOR gate as the variable load has been presented.A delay cell using an inverter and a three-transistor XOR gate as the variable capacitance is also proposed. Three-,five- and seven-stage DCO circuits have been designed using the proposed delay *** output frequency is controlled digitally with bits applied to the delay *** three-bit DCO shows output frequency and power consumption variation in the range of 3.2486-4.0267 GHz and 0.6121-0.3901 mW,respectively,with a change in the control word *** five-bit DCO achieves frequency and power of 1.8553-2.3506 GHz and 1.0202-0.6501 mW,respectively,with a change in the control word ***,the seven-bit DCO shows a frequency and power consumption variation of 1.3239-1.6817 GHz and 1.4282-0.9102 mW,respectively, with a varying control word *** power consumption and output frequency of the proposed circuits have been compared with earlier reported circuits and the present approaches show significant improvements.

关键词： digital control oscillator delay cell power consumption variable capacitance voltage controlled oscillators XOR gate

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Separation of copper and iron from chloride media using Cyanex 921 in kerosene

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第5期21卷 1752-1755页

作者： Sanghamitra Pradhan Niharbala Devi sujata Mishra Department of Chemistry Institute of Technical Education and ResearchSiksha'O'Anusandhan University

The extraction and separation of Cu(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ)from HCl media using Cyanex 921 in kerosene were *** effect of shaking time,aqueous phase acid concentration,Fe(Ⅲ)/Cu(Ⅱ)concentration,Cyanex 921 concentration,temperature and aqueous to organic phase ratio on the separation of Cu(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ)was studied using 0.1 mol/L Cyanex 921 in *** separation was achieved from 2 mol/L HCl containing 0.001 mol/L Cu(Ⅱ)and 0.005 mol/L Fe(Ⅲ)with 0.1 mol/L Cyanex 921 in *** separation of copper and iron was also possible from 5 mol/L HCl using 0.02 mol/L Cyanex 921.

关键词： solvent extraction copper iron hydrochloric acid Cyanex 921

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Does the EVA valuation model explain the market value of equity better under changing required return than constant required return?

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Financial Innovation 2020年第1期6卷 149-172页

作者： sujata Behera Institute of Management Nirma UniversityB-301 Aditya GreensNear Sahajanand City BunglowNear Sona Cross RoadNew C.G RoadS.G.HighwayAhmedabadGujarat 382424India

Through the Economic-Value-Added(EVA)valuation model,the expected market value of equity can be determined by adding the book value of equity with the present value of expected EVAs under the assumption of constant required return and constant return on *** equation of EVA valuation model has taken its shape under the assumption of constant required return and constant return on ***,a large body of empirical evidence indicates that required rate of return never remain *** EVA-valuation model formulated under constant required return cannot be implemented under the scenario of changing required *** this study,we explored whether the EVA valuation model could be implemented under changing required return by making any changes in the model and found that it could be implemented under the scenario of changing required return by replacing the book value of the equity of the existing model with the present value of required earnings or normal market *** further examined whether the explanatory ability of the EVA valuation model under the assumption of changing required return is better than that of the valuation model under the assumption of constant required *** information content analyses were conducted by considering sample of the intrinsic value of equities determined by valuation models and the market value of equities of 69 large-cap,88 mid-cap,and 79 small-cap *** results showed that the EVA-based valuation model with changing normal market return outperformed the EVA-based valuation model with constant required return.

关键词： Economic value added(EVA) Capital asset pricing model(CAPM) Expected market value of equity under constant required return(EMVEUCRR) Expected market value of equity under varying required return(EMVEUVRR)

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High performance 14-bit pipelined redundant signed digit ADC

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Journal of Semiconductors 2016年第3期37卷 71-80页

作者： Swina Narula sujata Pandey Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Amity School of Engineering and Technology Amity University Uttar Pradesh

A novel architecture of a pipelined redundant-signed-digit analog to digital converter（RSD-ADC） is presented featuring a high signal to noise ratio（SNR）, spurious free dynamic range（SFDR） and signal to noise plus distortion（SNDR） with efficient background correction logic. The proposed ADC architecture shows high accuracy with a high speed circuit and efficient utilization of the hardware. This paper demonstrates the functionality of the digital correction logic of 14-bit pipelined ADC at each 1.5 bit/stage. This prototype of ADC architecture accounts for capacitor mismatch, comparator offset and finite Op-Amp gain error in the MDAC（residue amplification circuit）stages. With the proposed architecture of ADC, SNDR obtained is 85.89 d B, SNR is 85.9 d B and SFDR obtained is 102.8 d B at the sample rate of 100 MHz. This novel architecture of digital correction logic is transparent to the overall system, which is demonstrated by using 14-bit pipelined ADC. After a latency of 14 clocks, digital output will be available at every clock pulse. To describe the circuit behavior of the ADC, VHDL and MATLAB programs are used. The proposed architecture is also capable of reducing the digital hardware. Silicon area is also the complexity of the design.

关键词： pipelined ADC MDAC non-ideal errors signal to noise ratio(SNR) spurious free dynamic range(SFDR) signal to noise plus distortion(SNDR)

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Analytical modeling of drain current and RF performance for double-gate fully depleted nanoscale SOI MOSFETs

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Journal of Semiconductors 2012年第2期33卷 28-35页

作者： Rajiv Sharma sujata Pandey Shail Bala Jain Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha UniversityDelhiIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Amity UniversitySector-125 NoidaIndia

A new 2D analytical drain current model is presented for symmetric double-gate fully depleted nanoscale SOI *** of device parameters like transconductance for double-gate fully depleted nanoscale SOI MOSFETs is also carried *** this work is concluded by modeling the cut-off frequency, which is one of the main figures of merit for analog/RF performance for double-gate fully depleted nanoscale SOI *** results of the modeling are compared with those obtained by a 2D ATLAS device simulator to verify the accuracy of the proposed model.

关键词： double-gate fully depleted silicon-on-insulator Poisson's equation radio frequency ATLAS

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