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Transactions of Tianjin University 2006年第B9期12卷 8-15页

作者： stewart mark g Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability School of EngineeringUniversity of NewcastleNSW Australia

A probabilistic risk assessment procedure is developed which can predict risks of explosive blast damage to built infrastructure, and when combined with life-cycle cost analysis, the procedure can be used to optimise blast mitigation strategies. The paper focuses on window glazing since this is a load-capacity system which, when subjected to blast loading, has caused significant damage and injury to building occupants. Structural reliability techniques are used to derive blast reliability curves for annealed and toughened glazing subjected to explosive blast for a variety of threat scenarios. The probabilistic analyses include the uncertainties associated with blast modelling, glazing response and glazing failure criteria. Damage risks are calculated for an individual window and for windows in the facade of a multi-storey commercial building. The paper shows an illustrative example of how this information, when combined with risk-based decision-making criteria, can be used to optimise blast mitigation strategies.

关键词： risk assessment blast-damage structural reliability glazing optimisation infrastructure

Risk Acceptability and Cost-Effectiveness of Protective Measures Against Terrorist Threats to Built Infrastructure Considering Multiple Threat Scenarios

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2008年第5期14卷 313-317页

作者： stewart mark g Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability The University of Newcastle

Decisions are often needed about the need and/or extent of protective measures against explosive blast loads on built infrastructure. A decision support analysis considers fatality risks and cost-effectiveness of protective measures expressed in terms of expected cost spent on risk reduction per life saved for terrorist threats to infrastructure. The analysis is applicable to any item of infrastructure, but in this paper is applied to casualties arising from building facade glazing damage. Risks may be compared with risk acceptance criteria in the form of quantitative safety goals. The risk acceptability and cost-effectiveness of protective measures includes cost of the protective measures, attack probability,reduction in risk due to protective measures,probability of fatality conditional on successful terrorist attack and number of exposed individuals.

关键词： risk terrorism cost-benefit analysis infrastructure decision analysis

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剪力作用下配筋混凝土砌体墙的可靠度分析

哈尔滨工程大学学报 2012年第3期33卷 313-319,388页

作者：翟希梅钟志峰 stewart mark g. 哈尔滨工业大学土木工程学院黑龙江哈尔滨150090 澳大利亚纽卡斯尔大学工学院基础设施性能与可靠度研究中心

针对水平剪力作用下配筋混凝土砌块墙体的抗剪承载力可靠度水平,提出其可靠度计算模型与方法,该方法考虑了模型误差的分布形式、灌孔混凝土砌块砌体的抗压强度、活荷载类型、荷载效应比、墙体内水平钢筋的配筋率、墙体截面高度、墙体的... 详细信息

针对水平剪力作用下配筋混凝土砌块墙体的抗剪承载力可靠度水平,提出其可靠度计算模型与方法,该方法考虑了模型误差的分布形式、灌孔混凝土砌块砌体的抗压强度、活荷载类型、荷载效应比、墙体内水平钢筋的配筋率、墙体截面高度、墙体的竖向荷载以及剪跨比等影响因素.通过受剪墙体的试验数据统计与分析,确定Lognormal为最佳的可靠度模型误差概率分布形式;可靠度计算结果表明:模型误差的概率分布形式对配筋砌块墙体抗剪承载力的可靠度指标影响最大,其中Lognormal、gamma和gumbel分布下的可靠度指标皆大于或接近目标可靠度3.7,而Normal和Weibull分布下的可靠度结果小于3.7.

关键词：混凝土砌块配筋砌体可靠度模型误差概率分布剪力

Statistical variability and fragility assessment of ballistic perforation of steel plates for 7.62 mm AP ammunition

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第3期16卷 503-513页

作者： mark g.stewart Michael DNetherton Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability The University of NewcastleNew South Wales2038Australia

The paper describes field test results of 7.62×51 mm M61 AP(armour piercing) ammunition fired into mild steel targets at an outdoor *** targets varied from 10 mm to 32 mm in *** tests recorded penetration depth,probability of perforation(i.e.,complete penetration),muzzle and impact velocities,bullet mass,and plate yield strength and *** measured penetration depth exhibited a variability of approximately±12%.The paper then compared ballistic test results with predictive models of steel penetration depth and thickness to prevent *** parameters were derived for muzzle and impact velocity,bullet mass,plate thickness,plate hardness,and model error.A Monte-Carlo probabilistic analysis was then developed to estimate the probability of plate perforation of 7.62 mm M61 AP ammunition for a range of impact velocities,and for mild steels,and High Hardness Armour(HHA) *** perforation fragility analysis considered the random variability of impact velocity,bullet mass,plate thickness,plate hardness,and model *** a probabilistic analysis allows for reliability-based design,where,for example,the plate thickness with 95% reliability(*** 1 in 20 shots will penetrate the wall) can be estimated knowing the probabilistic distribution of ***,it was found that the plate thickness to ensure a low 5% probability of perforation needs to be 11-15% thicker than required to have a 50/50 chance of perforation for mild steel *** would need to be 20-30% thicker if probability of perforation is reduced to zero.

关键词： Ballistics Probability Statistics Steel plates Armour steel Ammunition Experimental Perforation

气候变化对中国钢筋混凝土基础设施碳化腐蚀及破坏风险的影响

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土木工程学报 2014年第10期47卷 61-69页

作者：彭里政俐 mark g.stewart 澳大利亚纽卡斯尔大学基础设施性能与可靠度研究中心

气候变化会使大气中CO2浓度和温度升高,改变相对湿度,因此会改变混凝土基础设施的周围环境。尤其在气候变化的长期作用下,混凝土结构的安全性、适用性和耐久性都会加速衰减。文中描述在气候变化影响下,两个典型城市厦门和韶关的混凝土... 详细信息

气候变化会使大气中CO2浓度和温度升高,改变相对湿度,因此会改变混凝土基础设施的周围环境。尤其在气候变化的长期作用下,混凝土结构的安全性、适用性和耐久性都会加速衰减。文中描述在气候变化影响下,两个典型城市厦门和韶关的混凝土基础设施在2010~2100年间的碳化损伤研究。两城市大气CO2浓度、温度和相对湿度的预测均基于代表性浓度途径(RCPs)。采用蒙特卡洛模拟进行时效分析,考虑结构尺寸、材料特性、气候预测和预测模型的不确定性。混凝土结构的腐蚀破坏风险由保护层严重开裂的概率表示。结果表明,至2100年气候变化可使平均碳化深度增加达8mm;同时也可造成温热地区的混凝土建筑物的碳化腐蚀破坏概率增加12%~19%。此研究可为将来气候变化对土木设施的影响和气候适应策略提供参考依据。

关键词：风险结构耐久性碳化腐蚀混凝土气候变化

Field test and probabilistic analysis of irregular steel debris casualty risks from a person-borne improvised explosive device

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第6期17卷 1852-1863页

作者： Piotr W.Sielicki mark g.stewart Tomasz gajewski MichałMalendowski Piotr Peksa Hasan Al-Rifaie Robert Studzinski Wojciech Sumelka Institute of Structural Analysis Faculty of Civil and Transport EngineeringPoznan University of Technology5 Maria Skłodowska-Curie Square60-965PoznanPoland Institute of Building Engineering Faculty of Civil and Transport EngineeringPoznan University of Technology5 Maria Skłodowska-Curie Square60-965PoznanPoland Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability The University of NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghanNSW2308Australia

Person-borne improvised explosive devices(PBIEDs)are often used in terrorist attacks in Western *** study aims to predict the trajectories of PBIED fragments and the subsequent safety risks for people exposed to this *** explosive field test with a typical PBIED composed of a plastic explosive charge and steel nut enhancements was performed to record initial fragment behaviour,including positions,velocity,and trajectory *** data were used to predict the full trajectory of PBIED fragments using a probabilistic *** the probabilistic analyses a probability of fatality or serious injury was *** on the results presented,many practical conclusions can be drawn,for instance,regarding safe evacuation distances if a person were exposed to a suspected PBIED.

关键词： Flying fragments Human safety Person-borne improvised explosive device experiment Probabilistic analysis

Peterson's ultimate gMAT tool kit 1st ed.

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Electrical breakdown of an acrylic dielectric elastomer: effects of hemispherical probing electrode’s size and force

2004年

作者： mark Alan stewart.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2015年第4期6卷 290-303页

作者： Bin Chen Matthias Kollosche mark stewart James Busfield Federico Carpi School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUK Materials Division National Physical LaboratoryTeddingtonUK Institute of Physics and Astronomy University of PotsdamPotsdamGermany

Dielectric elastomers are widely investigated as soft electromechanically active polymers(EAPs)for actuators,stretch/force sensors,and mechanical energy harvesters to generate *** the performance of such devices is limited by the dielectric strength of the constitutive material,the electrical breakdown of soft elastomers for electromechanical transduction is still scarcely ***,we describe a custom-made setup to measure electrical breakdown of soft EAPs,and we present data for a widely studied acrylic elastomer(VHB 4905 from 3M).The elastomer was electrically stimulated via a planar and a hemispherical metal *** breakdown was characterized under different conditions to investigate the effects of the radius of curvature and applied force of the hemispherical *** a given radius of curvature,the breakdown field increased by about 50% for a nearly 10-fold increase of the applied mechanical stress,while with a given mechanical stress the breakdown field increased by about 20% for an approximately two fold increase of the radius of *** results indicate that the breakdown field is highly dependent on the boundary conditions,suggesting the need for reporting breakdown data always in close association with the measurement *** findings might help future investigations in elucidating the ultimate breakdown mechanism/s of soft elastomers.

关键词： actuator EAP electromechanically active polymer dielectric elastomer dielectric strength electric breakdown hemispherical electrode curvature force

Stepping up to meet the challenge of freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 589-600页

作者： Simon Lewis stewart Factor Nir giladi Alice Nieuwboer John Nutt mark Hallett ForeFront Parkinson’s Disease Research Clinic Brain and Mind CentreSchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Jean and Paul Amos Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Program Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Movement Disorders Unit Department of NeurologyTel-Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterSackler School of Medicine and Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Rehabilitation Sciences KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Movement Disorder Section Department of NeurologyOregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandORUSA Human Motor Control Section National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA.

There has been a growing appreciation for freezing of gait as a disabling symptom that causes a significant burden in Parkinson’s disease. Previous research has highlighted some of the key components that underlie the phenomenon, but these reductionist approaches have yet to lead to a paradigm shift resulting in the development of novel treatment strategies. Addressing this issue will require greater integration of multi-modal data with complex computational modeling, but there are a number of critical aspects that need to be considered before embarking on such an approach. This paper highlights where the field needs to address current gaps and shortcomings including the standardization of definitions and measurement, phenomenology and pathophysiology, as well as considering what available data exist and how future studies should be constructed to achieve the greatest potential to better understand and treat this devastating symptom.

关键词： Freezing of gait Computational modeling Standardized definitions and assessments Novel paradigms Phenomenology Pathophysiology Treatment

Diffusion tensor imaging in the courtroom:Distinction between scientific specificity and legally admissible evidence

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第19期11卷 4477-4497页

作者： Jennifer Christine van Velkinburgh mark D Herbst stewart M Casper Science Communication Filipodia Publishing LLCSanta FeNM 87505United States Diagnostic Radiology Independent Diagnostic Radiology IncSt PetersburgFL 33711United States Personal Injury Law Casper&DeToledo LLCStamfordCT 06905United States

Interest and uptake of science and medicine peer-reviewed literature by readers outside of a paper’s topical subject,field or even discipline is *** the application of knowledge from one field or discipline to others can stimulate innovative solutions to problems facing modern society,it is also fraught with danger for *** the practice of law in the United States,academic papers are submitted to the courts as evidence in personal injury litigation from both the plaintiff(complainant)and *** transcendence of an academic publication over disciplinary boundaries is immediately met with the challenge of application by a group that inherently lacks in-depth knowledge on the scientific method,the practice of evidence-based medicine,or the publication process as a structured and internationally synthesized process involving peer review and guided by ethical standards and norms.A modern-day example of this is the ongoing conflict between the sensitivity of diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)and the legal standards for admissibility of evidence in litigation cases of mild traumatic brain injury(mTBI).In this review,we amalgamate the peer-reviewed research on DTI in mTBI with the court’s rationale underlying decisions to admit or exclude evidence of DTI abnormalities to support claims of brain *** found that the papers which are critical of the use of DTI in the courtroom reflect a primary misunderstanding about how diagnostic biomarkers differ legally from relevant and admissible *** clinical use of DTI to identify white matter abnormalities in the brain at the chronic stage is a valid methodology both clinically as well as forensically,contributes data that may or may not corroborate the existence of white matter damage,and should be admitted into evidence in personal injury trials if supported by a *** also delve into an aspect of science publication and peer review that can be manipulated by scientists and clinicians to

关键词： Diffuse axonal injury Mild brain injury Magnetic resonance imaging Neuroimaging Medicolegal Litigation Medical jurisprudence Ethics Peer review Publishing