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Reactivity of N-cyanoalkyl-substituted imidazolium halide salts by simple elution through an azide anion exchange resin

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第8期55卷 1683-1687页

作者： DRAB David M. KELLEY steven p. SHAMSHINA Julia L. SMIGLAK Marcin COJOCARU O. Andreea GURAU Gabriela ROGERS Robin D. Center for Green Manufacturing and Department of Chemistry The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA

Certain N-cyanoalkyl-functionalized imidazolium halide salts unexpectedly undergo nitrile hydrolysis to amides, as well as dipolar cycloaddition to tetrazoles when eluted on azide anion exchanged resin.

关键词： multi-heterocycles ionic liquids azide exchange column nitrile cycloaddition tetrazoles imidazolium halide

palladium/Imidazolium Salts: A General and Highly Efficient Catalytic System for Coupling Reaction

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Palladium/Imidazolium Salts: A General and Highly Efficient ...

Vascular endothelial growth factor for the treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis: An experimental study in canines

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作者： steven p.Nolan Department of Chemistry University of New OrleansLouisiana 70148USA Collegof Chemistry＆Mollecular ScienceWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072.

＜正＞ Nucleophilic N-heterocyclic carbenes have attracted considerable attention. These ligands are strong σ-donorwith negligible π-accepting ability, and in this regard, they resemble electron-donor phosphines and can be addressed as "phosphine mimics" . High catalytic performances have been achieved by applying the nucleophilic carbenes in various C-C and C-N coupling reactions, such as Suzuki reaction, Kumada reaction and Stille reaction . In this presentation, we focus our attention on the carbon-carbon double or triple bond formation by the cou-

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2018年第9期9卷 120-129页

作者： Zoe H Dailiana Nikolaos Stefanou Lubna Khaldi Georgios Dimakopoulos James R bowers Cristian Fink James R Urbaniak Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Thessalia Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University Medical Center Department of pathology "Saint Savvas" AntiCancer Hospital Medical Statistics Epirus Science and Technology Park Campus of the University of Ioannina Emerge Ortho Independence Park Gelenkpunkt Sports and Joint Surgery Research Unit of Orthopedic Sports Medicine and Injury prevention Institute for Sports Medicine Alpine Medicine and Health Tourism (ISAG)UMIT

AIM To evaluate the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH) with the use of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).METHODS In 30 mature beagles(6 groups of 5 beagles) ONFH was induced cryosurgically and one of the following solutions was administered locally in the femoral head(FH) in each group: Single injection of 500 μg VEGF(t-VEGFμ group); single injection of 500 ng VEGF(t-VEGFn group); continuous delivery of 500 μg VEGF through osmotic micropump(t-VEGFpump-μ group); continuous delivery of 500 ng VEGF through osmotic micropump(t-VEGFpump-n group); single injection of 0.9% sodium chloride(t-NS group), while one group that served as control group did not receive any local solution(No-t group). FHs were retrieved 12 wk postoperatively, underwent decalcification and hematoxylin/eosin and toluidine blue staining. In two canines per group, one half of FH was processed without decalcification and stained with modified Masson Trichrome. Histological sections were observed by light microscopy and measured with a semi-automatized bone histomorphometry system and Bone Volume/Total Volume(BV/TV), Marrow Volume/Total Volume(MaV/TV), and Trabecular Thickness(TbT h) were assessed. Standard and robust tests(Welch, Brown Forsythe) of analysis of variance along with multiple comparisons, were carried out among the *** The untreated(No-t) group had signs of osteonecrosis, whereas the VEGF groups revealed reversal of the osteonecrosis. Statistical analysis of the decalcified specimens revealed a significantly better BV/TV ratio and a higher Tb Th between the VEGF treatment groups(except the t-VEGFn group) and the No-t group or the control t-NS group. Single dose 500 μg VEGF group had significantly better BV/TV ratio and higher Tb Th when compared to the No-t group(50.45 ± 6.18 vs 29.50 ± 12.27, p = 0.002 and 151.44 ± 19.07 vs 107.77 ± 35.15, p = 0.161 respectively) and the control t-NS group(50.45 ± 6.18 vs 30.9 ± 6.67, p = 0.004 and 151.44 ± 19.07 vs

关键词： Osteonecrosis Vascular endothelial growth factor Avascular necrosis Femoral head Osteogenesis Animal model

Endoproteolytic cleavage as a molecular switch regulating and diversifying prion protein function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第2期11卷 238-239页

作者： Cathryn L.Haigh steven J.Collins Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital) The University of Melbourne

The prion protein（pr p）,through misfolding,is widely known for its causative role in prion diseases,which are transmissible neurodegenerative diseases of humans and *** is still no defined function assigned to pr p,especially in the central nervous system,despite many studies in this *** functions are protean and include signal transduction,neuroprotection,neurogenesis,neuritogenesis,metal-ion homeostasis,memory formation and consolidation,as well as circadian rhythms（Nicolas et al.,2009）.

关键词： molecular cleavage Endoproteolytic

Uncertainty analysis of hydrological modeling in a tropicalarea using different algorithms

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2018年第4期12卷 661-671页

作者： Ammar RAFIEI EMAM Martin KAppAS steven FASSNACHT Nguyen Hoang Khanh LINH Department of Cartography GIS and Remote SensingUniversity of Goettingen37077GoettingenGermany Colorado State University Fort CollinsCO 80523-1476USA Faculty of Land Resources and Agricultural Environment (FLRAE) Flue University of Agriculture and Forestry (F1UAF)Hue UniversityHue City 0084Vietnam

Hydrological modeling outputs are subject to uncertainty resulting from different sources of errors (e.g., error in input data, model structure, and model parameters), making quantification of uncertainty in hydrological modeling imperative and meant to improve reliability of modeling results. The uncertainty analysis must solve difficulties in calibration of hydrological models, which further increase in areas with data scarcity. The purpose of this study is to apply four uncertainty analysis algorithms to a semi-distributed hydrological model, quantifying different source of uncertainties (especially parameter uncertainty) and evaluate their performance. In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT) eco-hydrological model was implemented for the watershed in the center of Vietnam. The sensitivity of parameters was analyzed, and the model was calibrated. The uncertainty analysis for the hydrological model was conducted based on four algorithms: Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE), Sequential Uncertainty Fitting (SUFI), parameter Solution method (paraSol) and particle Swarm Optimization (pSO). The performance of the algorithms was compared using p-factor and Rfactor, coefficient of determination (R2), the Nash Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (NSE) and percent Bias (pBIAS). The results showed the high performance of SUFI and pSO with p-factor>0.83, R-factor 0.91, NSE>0.89, and 0.18parameter ranges, and further use pSO for final analysis. Indeed, the uncertainty analysis must be accounted when the outcomes of the model use for policy or management decisions.

关键词： SWAT-CUp GLUE SUFI2 paraSol pSO Vietnam

Dynamic tracking of stem cells in an acute liver failure model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第6期18卷 507-516页

作者： Tarek Ezzat Dipok Kumar Dhar Massimo Malago steven WM Olde Damink HpB and Liver Transplantation Surgery Royal Free HospitalUniversity College LondonLondon NW3 2PFUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery University of AlexandriaAlexandriaPO Box 21131Egypt Department of Surgery Maastricht University Medical Centre Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtPO Box 5800The Netherlands

AIM： To investigate a dual labeling technique, which would enable real-time monitoring of transplanted em- bryonic stem cell （ESC） kinetics, as well as long-term tracking. METHODS： Liver damage was induced in C57/BL6 male mice （n = 40） by acetaminophen （ApAp） 300 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally. Green fluores- cence protein （GFp） positive C57/BL6 mouse ESCs were stained with the near-infrared fluorescent lipophilic tracer 1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindotricarbo- cyanine iodide （DiR） immediately before transplantationinto the spleen. Each of the animals in the cell therapy group （n = 20） received 5 x 106 ESCs 4 h following treatment with ApAp. The control group （n = 20） re- ceived the vehicle only. The distribution and dynamics of the cells were monitored in real-time with the IVIS lumina-2 at 30 rain post transplantation, then at 3, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, and after one and 2 wk. Immunohisto- chemical examination of liver tissue was used to identify expression of GFp and albumin. plasma alanine amino- transferase （ALT） was measured as an indication of liver ***： DiR-stained ESCs were easily tracked with the IVIS using the indocyanine green filter due to its high background passband with minimal background autofluorescence. The transplanted cells were confined inside the spleen at 30 min post-transplantation, gradu- ally moved into the splenic vein, and were detectable in parts of the liver at the 3 h time-point. Within 24 h of transplantation, homing of almost 90% of cells was confirmed in the liver. On day three, however, the DiR signal started to fade out, and ex vivo IVIS imaging of different organs allowed signal detection at time-points when the signal could not be detected by in vivo imag- ing, and confirmed that the highest photon emission was in the liver （p 〈 0.0001）. At 2 wk, the DiRsignal was no longer detectable in vivo; however, immuno- histochemistry analysis of constitutively-expressed GFp was used to provide an insight into the d

关键词： Cell transplantation Cell tracking Embry-onic stem cells Acute liver failure Liver regeneration

Recent progress in maize lethal necrosis disease:From pathogens to integrated pest management

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第12期21卷 3445-3455页

作者： ZHAN Bin-hui YANG Xiu-ling steven A.LOMMEL ZHOU Xue-ping State Key Laboratory for Biology of plant Diseases and Insect pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193P.R.China College of Agriculture and Life Sciences North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh 27695USA

Maize(Zea mays),as a staple food and an important industrial raw material,has been widely cultivated for centuries especially by smallholder *** lethal necrosis disease(MLND)is a serious disease infecting maize,which caused devastating damage in the African region *** is induced by co-infection of maize chlorotic mottle virus and one of several cereal-infecting viruses in the potyviridae family,with the symptoms ranging from chlorotic mottle to plant death at different infection *** pest management for MLND needs strengthening detection,focusing on prevention and effective *** detection system of MLND has been successfully established by serological methods,nucleic acid-based methods,next-generation sequencing,*** practices,such as using certified seeds,sanitary measures,crop rotation,tolerant or resistant varieties etc.,have been considered as the effective,economical and eco-friendly way to prevent and control MLND.

关键词： maize lethal necrosis disease maize chlorotic mottle virus integrated pest management

Reducing unnecessary crossmatching for hip fracture patients by accounting for preoperative hemoglobin concentration

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第5期12卷 292-300页

作者： Raj M Amin Varun puvanesarajah Yash p Chaudhry Matthew J Best Sandesh S Rao steven M Frank Erik A Hasenboehler Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Stanford University Medical CenterStanfordCA 94305United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Philadelphia College of Osteopathic MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19122United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMD 02114United States Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States Department of Orthopaedics Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States

BACKGROUND Maximum surgical blood order schedules were designed to eliminate unnecessary preoperative crossmatching prior to surgery in order to conserve blood bank *** protocols recommend type and cross of 2 red blood cell(RBC)units for patients undergoing surgery for treatment of hip *** hemoglobin has been identified as the strongest predictor of inpatient transfusion,but current maximum surgical blood order schedules do not consider preoperative hemoglobin values to determine the number of RBC units to prepare prior to *** To determine the preoperative hemoglobin level resulting in the optimal 2:1 crossmatch-to-transfusion(C:T)ratio in hip fracture surgery *** In 2015 a patient blood management(pBM)program was implemented at our institution mandating a single unit-per-occurrence transfusion policy and a restrictive transfusion threshold ofptomatic patients andptomatic anemia or history of coronary artery *** identified all hip fracture patients between 2013 and 2017 and compared the preoperative hemoglobin which would predict a 2:1 C:T ratio in the pre pBM and post pBM *** profiling and sensitivity analysis were performed with statistical significance set at ppatients who underwent hip fracture surgery between 2013 and 2017 were identified,291 in the post pBM *** requirements in the post pBM cohort were lower(51%vs 33%,ppre pBM *** mean RBC units transfused per patient was 1.15 in the pre pBM cohort,compared to 0.66 in the post pBM cohort(ppatient transfusion probability of 50%)was predicted by a preoperative hemoglobin of 12.3 g/dL[area under the curve(AUC)0.78(95%confidence interval(CI),0.72-0.83),Sensitivity 0.66]in the pre pBM cohort and 10.7 g/dL[AUC 0.78(95%CI,0.73-0.83),Sensitivity 0.88]in the post pBM cohort.A

关键词： Hip fracture Transfusion Blood conservation Hemoglobin Type and cross Maximum surgical blood order schedule

Innovations in the diagnosis and management of uveitis: promising research to address unmet patient needs

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Annals of Eye Science 2022年第1期7卷 1-7页

作者： steven Yeh Ye Huang Joanne Thomas Truhlsen Eye Institute University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA Emory Eye Center Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Medical College of Georgia AugustaGAUSA.

Uveitis,or inflammation of the uveal tissues(iris,ciliary body and the choroid),and its contiguous structures,can lead to severe visual impairment and is among the leading causes of vision impairment worldwide(1).In clinical practice,specialists in uveitis and ocular immunology are called upon to manage a range of uveitis syndromes-infectious disease,noninfectious autoimmune conditions,and masquerade syndromes such as ***,ophthalmologists of all subspecialties(i.e.,medical and surgical retina,corneal surgeons,orbital/oculoplastic surgeons,and comprehensive ophthalmologists)are called upon to manage uveitis syndromes,emphasizing clear importance to understanding common uveitis syndromes,diagnostic workups,and the state-of-the-art in uveitis and ocular inflammation care.

关键词： uveitis inflammation diagnosis