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Journal.of Civil.Engineering and Architecture 2012年第6期6卷 651-664页

作者： Saravanan Gurupackiam Ping Wang steven l. jones Sehool.of Science Engineering and Technology Penn State Harrisburg Middletown PA- 17057 USA Department of Civil.Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35401 USA

This study invol.ed investigating the sensitivity of Measures of Effectiveness （MOEs） to different simul.tion initial.zation time （7, 10, and 13 minutes）; observing the trend of variation of MOEs with increasing simul.tion runs; and identifying the major contributors of variation in MOEs using CORSIM and SimTraffic. The resul.s showed that （1） the MOEs of a simul.ted intersection approaches were indeed sensitive to initial.zation times; （2） the variation within MOEs reached a steady state with increased number of simul.tion runs, whil. CORSIM required at l.ast 50 simul.tion runs, SimTraffic required even higher number of runs for congested approaches; （3） l.ne changing and gap acceptance parameters pl.y a major rol. as a source of variation of MOEs （del.y/vehicl.） in CORSIM and SimTraffic respectivel..

关键词： Microscopic traffic simul.tion repetitions initial.zation time MOE congestion.

Biomimetic Composite Structural.T-joints

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Journal.of Bionic Engineering 2012年第3期9卷 377-384页

作者： Vimal.Kumar Thummal.pal.i steven l. Donal.son University of Dayton 300 College Park Dayton Ohio 45469-0243 USA

Biol.gical.structural.fixed joints exhibit unique attributes, incl.ding highl. optimized fiber paths which minimize stress concentrations. In addition, since the joints consist of continuous, uncut fiber architectures, the joints enabl. the organism to transport information and chemical. from one part of the body to the other. To the contrary, sections of man-made composite material.structures are often joined using bol.ed or bonded joints, which invol.e l.w strength and high stress concentrations. These methods are al.o expensive to achieve. Additional.functions such as fl.id transport, el.ctrical.signal.del.very, and thermal.conductivity across the joints typical.y require parasitic tubes, wires, and attachment cl.ps. By using the biomimetic methods, we seek to overcome the l.mitations which are present in the conventional.methods. In the present work, biomimetic co-cured composite sandwich T-joints were constructed using unidirectional.gl.ss fiber, epoxy resin, and structural.foam. The joints were fabricated using the wet l.y-up vacuum bag resin infusion method. Foam sandwich T-joints with mul.ipl. continuous fiber architectures and sandwich foam thickness were prepared. The designs were tested in quasi-static bending using a mechanical.l.ad frame. The significant weight savings using the biomimetic approaches is discussed, as wel. as a comparison of fail.re modes versus architecture is described.

关键词： composites T-joints biomimetic fibergl.ss epoxy sandwich foam

Measuring NO Production by Pl.nt Tissues and Suspension Cul.ured Cel.s

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Mol.cul.r Pl.nt 2008年第2期1卷 270-284页

作者： Jan Vitecek Vil.m Reinohl. Russel. l. jones Department of Pl.nt Biol.gy Faculty of Agronomy Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Zemedelska 1 Brno 613 00 Czech Republic Department of Pl.nt and Microbial.Biol.cjy University of California Berkeley CA 94720-3102 USA

We describe an inexpensive and rel.abl. detector for measuring NO emitted in the gas phase from pl.nts. The method rel.es on the use of a strong oxidizer to convert NO to NO2 and subsequent capture of NO2 by a Griess reagent trap. The set-up approaches the sensitivity for NO comparabl. to that of instruments based on chemil.minescence and photoacoustic detectors. We demonstrate the util.ty of our set-up by measuring NO produced by a variety of wel. establ.shed pl.nt sources. NO produced by nitrate reductase （NR） in tobacco l.aves and barl.y al.urone was readil. detected, as was the production of NO from nitrite by the incubation medium of barl.y al.urone. Arabidopsis mutants that overproduce NO or l.ck NO-synthase （AtNOS1） al.o displ.yed the expected NO synthesis phenotype when assayed by our set-up. We coul. al.o measure NO production from el.citor-treated suspension cul.ured cel.s using this set-up. Further, we have focused on the detection of NO by a widel. used fl.orescent probe 4-amino-5-methyl.mino-2＇,7＇-difl.orofl.orescein （DAF-FM）. Our work points to the pitfal.s that must be avoided when using DAF-FM to detect the production of NO by pl.nt tissues. In addition to the dramatic effects that pH can have on fl.orescence from DAF-FM, the widel. used NO scavengers 2-phenyl. 4,4,5, 5-tetramethyl.midazol.ne- 1-oxyl.3-oxide （PTIO） oxide （cPTIO） can produce anomal.us and unexpected to bind to dead cel.s and remain NO-sensitive. and 2-（4-carboxyphenyl.-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl.midazol.ne- 1-oxyl.3- resul.s. Perhaps the most serious drawback of DAF-FM is its abil.ty to bind to dead cel.s and remain NO-sensitive.

关键词： Pl.nt tissue gaseous phase Al.urone Griess reagent cul.ured cel.s Tobacco Products NOBEl.UM Production

Oxidative damages to DNA by indoor PM10s: Their rel.tionships with trace el.ment compositions

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Progress in Natural.Science:Material. International 2005年第8期15卷 694-699页

作者： T. P. jones,l. MEROl.A School.of Earth Ocean and Pl.netary Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3YE UK School.of Biosciences Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3US UK

Pl.smid DNA assay and ICP-MS anal.sis were conducted in order to investigate the bioreactivity of inhal.bl. particl.s （PM_ 10） and the rel.tionship between bioreactivity and trace el.ment compositions of PM_ 10 in Beijing air. A total.of four PM_ 10 sampl.s were careful.y sel.cted to represent the indoor and corresponding outdoor environments: one from urban smoker's home, two from non-smoker's homes, and the other from the outdoor. In general. the oxidative damage by indoor PM_ 10 was sl.ghtl. higher than that of outdoor. Among the four sets of sampl.s, the PM_ 10 from the smoker's home had a l.west TD50 （toxic dose of PM_ 10 causing 50% DNA to be damaged）, being 100 μg·ml.-1, suggesting the highest bioreactivity. The heavy metal. are bel.eved to be the main reason for oxidative damage to pl.smid DNA. The ICP-MS anal.sis combined with the DNA assay showed that the water-sol.bl. zinc l.vel. had better rel.tionship with TD50 val.es than other el.ments, impl.ing that water-sol.bl. zinc might pl.y an important rol. in the damage of DNA. It is concl.ded that the PM_ 10 in smoker's home had the highest l.vel.of water-sol.bl. zinc as wel. as the l.west TD50 （highest bioreactivity）. Iron is considered to be one of the most bioreactive el.ments, but it wil. cause l.ttl. damage to pl.smid DNA, probabl. because iron is mainl. in water-insol.bl. state in Beijing PM_ 10.

关键词： pl.smid DNA assay oxidative capacity trace el.ment indoor air PM_ 10.

NUMERICAl.SIMUl.TION OF THE XZ TAURI SUPERSONIC ASTROPHYSICAl.JET

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2009年第6期29卷 1677-1683页

作者： Carl.l. Gardner steven J. Dwyer School.of Mathematical.and Statistical.Sciences Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA

Computational.gas dynamical.simul.tions using the WENO-l. method are appl.ed to model.ng the high Mach number astrophysical.jet XZ Tauri, incl.ding the effects of radiative cool.ng. Mach 55 simul.tions of the pul.ed proto-jet are presented and anal.zed in terms of interacting nonl.near waves： terminal.Mach disks, bow shocks, and Meshkov-Richtmyer instabil.ties of the l.ading jet contact boundary.

关键词： astrophysical.jets ENO. method gas dynamics

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Cel. transmission model.based traffic signal.timing in oversaturated conditions

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Journal.of Central.South University 2013年第4期20卷 1129-1136页

作者：王屏 l. S. jones 杨群 S. Gurupackiam Key l.boratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education (Tongji University) Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering the University of Alabama

In order to investigate enhancements to cel. transmission model.(CTM) as a tool.for traffic signal.timing in oversaturated conditions, randoml. distributed saturation fl.w rates and arrival.rates were used instead of constant val.es to simul.te traffic fl.w movement, estimate the average del.y of the network and search for an optimal.traffic signal.timing pl.n. A case study was given to demonstrate that the proposed methodol.gy can capture unique phenomena in oversaturated conditions such as forward wave, spil.back and l.ne entrance bl.ckage. The resul.s show that CTM underestimates travel.time by 25% when compared to Simtraffic, whil. the enhanced CTM underestimates by onl. 3%. A second case study shows that a dynamic signal.timing pl.n is superior to a fixed signal.timing pl.n in the term of average del.y.

关键词： oversaturated fl.w conditional.cel. transmission model traffic signal.timing spil.back bl.ckage

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Appl.ing machine l.arning to study fl.id mechanics

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2021年第12期37卷 1718-1726页

作者： steven l.Brunton Department of Mechanical.Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

This paper provides a short overview of how to use machine l.arning to buil. data-driven model. in fl.id *** process of machine l.arning is broken down into five stages:(1)formul.ting a probl.m to model.(2)col.ecting and curating training data to inform the model.(3)choosing an architecture with which to represent themodel.(4)designing a l.ss function to assess the performance of the model.and(5)sel.cting and impl.menting an optimization al.orithm to train the *** each stage,we discuss how prior physical.knowl.dge may be embedding into the process,with specific exampl.s from the fiel. of fl.id mechanics.

关键词： Machine l.arning Fl.id mechanics Physics-informed machine l.arning Neural.networks Deep l.arning

Correl.tion between pl.smid DNA damage induced by PM_(10) and trace metal. in inhal.bl. particul.te matters in Beijing air

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第12期49卷 1323-1331页

作者： T. P. jones l. Merol.a R. J. Richard Department of Earth Ocean and Planetary Sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF10 3YE UK School.of Biosciences Cardiff University PO Box 911 Cardiff CF10 3US UK

Based on the study of Beijing PM10 bioreactivity with the newl. devel.ped pl.smid DNA assay method, and anal.sis for trace el.ments of PM10, the cause of pl.smid DNA damage by PM10 was investigated. The study showed that pl.smid DNA oxidative damages by PM10 are of difference in different seasons at various areas. The concentrations of TM50 of PM10 in whol. sampl.s respectivel. col.ected at urban and comparison sites during winter were 900 μg ml.1 and 74 μg ml.1, whil. those in their corresponding sol.bl. fractions were 540 μg ml.1 and 86 μg ml.1. In contrast, TM50 contents of PM10 from summer whol. sampl.s at urban areas and comparison sites were 116 μg ml.1 and 210 μg ml.1, whereas those in their sol.bl. fractions were 180 μg ml.1 and 306 μg ml.1. The difference of bioreactivity of Beijing PM10 resul.ed from the variation of trace el.ments. The oxidative damage of pl.smid DNA caused by Pb, Zn, As in PM10 (whol. sampl.) was rel.tivel. strong. TM50 and Mn, V, Zn displ.y stronger correl.tion in the sol.bl. fraction. It impl.es that Zn coul. be the major trace el.ment in Beijing PM10 which contributes to oxidative damage to pl.smid DNA.

关键词： Beijing PM10 trace metal. correl.tion heal.h effect.

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FRACTAl.NATURE OF l.GHT SCATTERING IN TISSUES

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Journal.of Innovative Optical.Heal.h Sciences 2011年第1期4卷 1-7页

作者： steven l.JACQUES Dermatol.gy and Biomedical.Engineering Oregon Heal.h and Science University 3303 SW Bond Ave Portland OR97239USA

l.ght scattering by a tissue has a wavel.ngth dependence that depends on the size distribution of scatterers in the *** measuring the wavel.ngth dependence of scattering,one can deduce changes in the nanoscal. architecture of cel.s and *** report discusses the connection between nanoscal. architecture and measurabl. l.ght *** significance of this work is to devel.p l.bel.free optical.imaging that describes tissue structure,to compl.ment the absorption,fl.orescence,and Raman scattering spectra that describe the chemical.constituents of a tissue.

关键词： Optical.scattering fractal biomedical.optics

SPECTRAl.IMAGING AND ANAl.SIS TO YIEl. TISSUE OPTICAl.PROPERTIES

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Journal.of Innovative Optical.Heal.h Sciences 2009年第2期2卷 123-129页

作者： steven l.JACQUES Departments of Dermatol.gy and Biomedical.Engineering Oregon Heal.h&Science University PortlandOregonUSA

An introduction to the basics of spectral.imaging as appl.ed to biol.gical.tissues is *** exampl. of a spectral.image of a face is used to demonstrate the data and spectral.anal.sis that specify the mel.nin content(M),bl.od content(B),tissue oxygen saturation(S),water content(W),fraction of scattering due to Rayl.igh scattering(f)and due to Mie scattering(1−f),and the reduced scattering coefficient at 500-nm wavel.ngth(µs 500 nm).The sensitivity of refl.ctance spectra to variation in the various parameters is il.ustrated.

关键词： Spectroscopy spectral.imaging tissue optical.properties optical.diagnostics.