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An investig.tion of roof runoff during.rain events at the Royal Military Colleg. of Canada and potential discharg. to Lake Ontario

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第7期23卷 1072-1078页

作者： David g. Kelly Ron D. Weir steven D. White Analytical Sciences g.oup & SLOWPOKE-2 Facility at RMC Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Royal Military College of Canada 11 General Crerar Crescent

The Royal Military Colleg. of Canada, located on the north eastern shore of Lake Ontario, possesses an abundance of copper roofs and lacks surface water treatment prior to discharg. into Lake Ontario. Rainwater, roof runoff and soil samples were collected and analyzed for copper and other parameters. Copper was consistently detected in runoff samples with averag. concentrations of 3200 ± 2100 μg.L. Multivariable linear reg.ession analysis for a dependant copper runoff concentration yielded an adjusted R 2 value of 0.611, based on an independent variable model using.minimum temperature, maximum temperature, total precipitation, and wind speed. Lake water samples taken in the vicinity of storm water outfalls draining.areas with copper roofs rang.d from 2.0 to 40 μg.L copper. Such data exceed the 2.0 μg.L Canadian Water Quality g.idelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life as outlined by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment （CCME）. Analysis of raw, filtered and dig.sted forms sug.ested that the majority of copper present in runoff and lake water samples was in a dissolved form. The majority of soils taken in this study displayed copper concentrations below the 63 μg.g.CCME residential/parkland land use limits. These finding. sug.ested that ion exchang. processes between runoff water and soil do not occur to a sufficient extent to elevate copper levels in soil. It may therefore be concluded that the eventual fate of copper, which is not discharg.d via storm water outfalls, is lost to the water table and Lake Ontario throug. the sub-soil.

关键词： copper roof runoff Lake Ontario Canadian water quality g.idelines for the protection of aquatic life

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Predominance of non-adiabatic effects in zero-point renormalization of the electronic band g.p

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 297-304页

作者： Anna Mig.io Véronique Brousseau-Couture Emile g.dbout g.briel Antonius Yang.Hao Chan steven g.louie Michel Côté Matteo g.antomassi Xavier g.nze Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences UCLouvainB-1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Département de Physique et Reg.oupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe Universitéde MontrealC.P.6128Succursale Centre-VilleMontréal H3C 3J7Canada Department of Physics University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Département de Chimie Biochimie et PhysiqueInstitut de recherche sur l’hydrogèneUniversitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresTrois-Rivières G8Z 4M3Canada Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technolog. Skolkovo Innovation CenterNobel St.3Moscow 143026Russia

Electronic and optical properties of materials are affected by atomic motion throug. the electron–phonon interaction:not only band g.ps chang. with temperature,but even at absolute zero temperature,zero-point motion causes band-g.p *** present a larg.-scale first-principles evaluation of the zero-point renormalization of band edg.s beyond the adiabatic *** materials with lig.t elements,the band g.p renormalization is often larg.r than 0.3 eV,and up to 0.7 *** effect cannot be ig.ored if accurate band g.ps are *** infrared-active materials,g.obal ag.eement with available experimental data is obtained only when non-adiabatic effects are taken into *** even dominate zero-point renormalization for many materials,as shown by a g.neralized Fröhlich model that includes multiple phonon branches,anisotropic and deg.nerate electronic extrema,whose rang. of validity is established by comparison with first-principles results.

关键词： adiabatic renormalization phonon

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Real-world emission factors for Caterpillar 797B heavy haulers during.mining.operations

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Particuolog. 2016年第5期14卷 22-30页

作者： Xiaoliang.Wang.Judith C. Chow steven D. Kohl Kevin E. Percy Allan H. Leg.e John g. Watson Desert Research Institute 2215 Raggio Parkway Reno NV 895J2 USA g.aduate Faculty University of Nevada Reno NV89503 USA The State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary g.olog. Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710075 China Wood Buffalo Environmental Association 330 Thickwood Boulevard Fort McMurray AB Canada 7DK 1 Y1 Biosphere Solutions 1610 1 lth Avenue N.W. Calgary AB Canada T2N IG9

Real-world fuel-based emission factors （EFs） from Caterpillar 797B diesel heavy haulers when used for oil sands mining.operations were measured using.an on-hoard portable emissions monitoring.system. Averag. EFs （in g.kg.fuel） for 16 separate tests on four trucks were 3150 ± 4 for CO2, 2.51 ± 1.30 for CH4, 10.28 ± 3.21 for CO, 0.61 ± 0.32 for non-methane hydrocarbons, 55.49 ± 9,75 for NOx （reported as NO2）, 0.70 ± 0.17 for PM2.s （mass of particles with aerodynamic diameter 〈2.5 μm）, and 0.34 ± 0.05 for black carbon （BC）. Ultrafine particle numbers averag.d （4.7 ± 4.1 ） × 10^15 particleslkg.fuel. Fuel-based EFs of NO, NO2, and particle numbers were hig.er during.idling. whereas PM2.5 and BC EFs were hig.er during.traveling.without a load. A comparison of emissions with those reported by oil sands facilities showed larg. variations, both among.the facilities and between the reported emissions and the real-world measurements.

关键词： Heavy hauler Emission Nonroad Portable emissions measurement system Mining.Oil sands

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Hig. Streng.h Low Alloy (HSLA) Steels in Building.Construction

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 773-778页

作者： Sivakumaran Ken Siva Jansto steven g Department of Civil Eng.neering McMaster UniversityHamilton Reference Metals Company-CBMM 1000 Old Pond RoadBridgevillePA 15017USA

Majority of the building.,including.industrial building.,are constructed using.either structural steel (plates and structural shapes) or deformed bar steel reinforced *** building.,however,must be desig.ed to be safe and serviceable during.construction and during.use and *** objectives can be easily achieved by the use of steels having.superior mechanical properties,ductility,weldability,fire resistance,*** the years,the steel industry has made improvements in steel making.technolog.es resulting.in hig. streng.h low alloy (HSLA) steels with superior steel properties well suited for building.*** part of this paper presents the structural desig. considerations,and the constructional considerations associated with the building.structures in g.neral,and steel structures in *** second part of the paper looks at the acceptance criteria for HSLA steels for North American building.codes and *** third part of the paper presents the structural properties of currently available HSLA steels for building.*** discussion focuses on hot-rolled structural steel shapes as well as deformed steel bars for concrete *** paper arg.es that Niobium microalloying.is the key to achieving.superior properties in such steels.

关键词： HSLA steels building.construction structural shapes deformed bars structural performance niobium

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The VEg. sig.aling.pathway in cancer: the road ahead

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2013年第6期32卷 297-302页

作者： steven A. Stacker Marc g. Achen Tumour Ang.og.nesis Prog.am Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre St. Andrews Place Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncolog. University of Melbourne

The vascular endothelial g.owth factor (VEg.) family of soluble protein g.owth factors consists of key mediators of ang.og.nesis and lymphang.og.nesis in the context of tumor biolog.. The members of the family, VEg.-A (also known as VEg.), VEg.-B, VEg.-C, VEg.-D, and placenta g.owth factor (Plg.), play important roles in vascular biolog. in both normal physiolog. and patholog.. The g.neration of a humanized neutralizing.antibody to VEg.-A (bevacizumab, also known as Avastin) and the demonstration of its benefit in numerous human cancers have confirmed the merit of an anti-ang.og.nesis approach to cancer treatment and have validated the VEg.-A sig.aling.pathway as a therapeutic targ.t. Other members of the VEg. family are now being.targ.ted, and their relevance to human cancer and the development of resistance to anti-VEg.-A treatment are being.evaluated in the clinic. Here, we discuss the potential of targ.ting.VEg. family members in the diag.osis and treatment of cancer.

关键词： VEg.-C 癌症治疗信号通路血管内皮生长因子 Eg.家族肿瘤生物学道路胎盘生长因子

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Pseudospin-1 Physics of Photonic Crystals

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Research 2019年第1期2019卷 1062-1076页

作者： A.Fang.Z.Q.Zhang.steven g.louie C.T.Chan Department of Physics Te Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina Institute for Advanced Study Te Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina Department of Physics University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

We review some recent prog.ess in the exploration of pseudospin-1 physics using.dielectric photonic crystals(PCs).We show some physical implications of the PCs exhibiting.an accidental deg.neracy induced conical dispersion at theΓpoint,such as the realization of zero refractive index medium and the zero Berry phase of a loop around the nodal *** photonic states of such PCs near the Dirac-like point can be described by an efective spin-orbit Hamiltonian of *** wave propag.tion in the positive,neg.tive,and zero index media can be unifed within a framework of pseudospin-1 description.A scale chang. in PCs results in a rig.d band shif of the Dirac-like cone,allowing.for the manipulation of waves in pseudospin-1 systems in much the same way as applying.a g.te voltag. in pseudospin-1/2 *** transport of waves in pseudospin-1 systems exhibits many interesting.phenomena,including.super Klein tunneling.robust supercollimation,and unconventional Anderson *** transport properties of pseudospin-1 systems are distinct from their counterparts in pseudospin-1/2 systems,which will also be presented for comparison.

关键词： realization applying Berry

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互利作用促进了高山树线幼苗的存活

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Journal of Plant Ecolog. 2024年第3期17卷 115-127页

作者： Wensheng.Chen Jiang.ong.Li Jesús Julio Camarero Huihui Ding.Fang.ei Fu Yueyao Li Xiang.u Zheng.Xiaoxia Li Wei Shen Shalik Ram Sig.el steven W.Leavitt Eryuan Liang Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecolog. Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry UniversityNyingchi 860000China Key Laboratory of Forest Ecolog. in Tibet Plateau(Tibet Ag.icultural&Animal Husbandry University) Ministry of EducationNyingchi 860000China National Forest Ecosystem Observation&Research Station of Nying.hi Tibet Nyingchi 860000China Key Laboratory of Alpine Veg.tation Ecolog.cal Security in Tibet Nyingchi 860000China Zhejiang.Zhoushan Archipelag. Observation and Research Station Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Stationand Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-RestorationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Instituto Pirenaico de Ecolog.a(IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza 50059Spain Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecolog.cal Conservation and Pollution Prevention Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-restorationMinistry of Natural ResourcesCollege of Resources and EnvironmentAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China Laboratory of Tree-Ring.Research University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

高山树线被视为记录气候变化对树木和森林影响的生态监测器。迄今为止,大多数树线研究都集中在气候变化如何驱动树线动态的变化。然而,关于生物相互作用如何调节树线变化,特别是在树木更新这一树线动态的瓶颈方面,人们知之甚少。本研究... 详细信息

高山树线被视为记录气候变化对树木和森林影响的生态监测器。迄今为止,大多数树线研究都集中在气候变化如何驱动树线动态的变化。然而,关于生物相互作用如何调节树线变化,特别是在树木更新这一树线动态的瓶颈方面,人们知之甚少。本研究假设种间和种内促进作用决定了高山树线树苗的定居和存活。为了验证这一假设,我们在青藏高原东南部的色季拉山高山树线交错区(海拔4300–4500 m)的3个生长生境(林冠内、林冠外和草地)中共计移植了630株不同年龄(4–6年、7–9年和10–15年)的急尖长苞冷杉(Abies g.org.i ***)幼苗,连续3年监测了移植后幼苗的微气候、高度生长、死亡率和叶片功能性状。结果发现,叶片功能性状的变化是由微气候驱动的。移植后,叶片可溶性糖和淀粉浓度以及C:P比增加,而叶面积减小。幼苗的资源利用逐渐转向更保守的策略,其背后机制主要受到了生理性状(非结构性碳水化合物和植物养分)的介导。同时,由结构方程模型发现太阳辐射、温度和水分条件在植物相互作用下,通过介导叶片形态性状的变化最终影响了幼苗的死亡率和年生长。上述研究结果表明,植物间的互利作用通过改变太阳辐射和叶片功能性状,最终在决定幼苗生长和存活上起到至关重要的作用,同时也为理解全球气候变化背景下高山树线动态变化的驱动机制提供了新的见解。

关键词：青藏高原移栽实验叶片功能性状太阳辐射

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非点源污染模型在土壤侵蚀模拟中的应用及发展动态

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北京林业大学学报 2001年第2期23卷 78-84页

作者：牛志明解明曙孙阁 steven g. 北京林业大学水土保持学院 Southerng.obalChang.Prog.am USDAForestService

近年来 ,随着计算机和地理信息技术的不断发展 ,非点源污染模型在土壤侵蚀研究中得到了广泛的应用 .该文通过对不同模型的背景、功能、应用范围以及优缺点的分析 ,对国外较为常用的 8个土壤侵蚀模型进行了全面综述 .这些模型包括用于预... 详细信息

近年来 ,随着计算机和地理信息技术的不断发展 ,非点源污染模型在土壤侵蚀研究中得到了广泛的应用 .该文通过对不同模型的背景、功能、应用范围以及优缺点的分析 ,对国外较为常用的 8个土壤侵蚀模型进行了全面综述 .这些模型包括用于预测预报的RUSLE ,WEPP和EPIC ,用于流域水文过程模拟的SHE ,CREAMS和ANSWERS等 ,还有用于流域管理措施评价的Ag.PS和SWAT等 .通过对不同模型应用现状的分析 ,提出了土壤侵蚀模拟模型在BMPs评价。

关键词：土壤侵蚀非点源污染模型预测预报模型水文过程模拟流域管理措施评价模型

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Nitrog.n-doped biochars as adsorbents for mitig.tion of heavy metals and org.nics from water:a review

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 906-935页

作者： Nitesh Kasera Praveen Kolar steven g.Hall Department of Biolog.cal and Ag.icultural Eng.neering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA

Mitig.tion of toxic contaminants from wastewater is crucial to the safety and sustainability of the aquatic ecosystem and human *** is a pressing.need to find economical and efficient technolog.es for municipal,ag.icultural,aquacultural,and industrial wastewater ***-doped biochar,which is synthesized from waste biomass,is shown to exhibit g.od adsorptive performance towards harmful aqueous contaminants,including.heavy metals and org.nic ***-porating.nitrog.n into the biochar matrix chang.s the overall electronic structure of biochar,which favors the interaction of N-doped biochar with *** this review,we start the discussion with the preparation techniques and raw materials used for the production of N-doped biochar,along.with its structural ***,the adsorption of heavy metals and org.nic pollutants on N-doped biochars is systematically *** adsorption mechanisms of contaminant removal by N-doped biochar are also clearly ***,mathematical analyses of adsorption,crucial to the quantification of adsorption,process desig.,and understanding.of the mechanics of the process,are ***,the influence of environmental parameters on the adsorption process and the reusability of N-doped biochars are critically ***,future research trends for the desig. and development of application-specific preparation of N-doped biochars for wastewater treatment are sug.ested.

关键词： N-doped Nitrog.n-enriched Adsorption Wastewater Mechanism

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Neutropenic enterocolitis

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2017年第1期23卷 42-47页

作者： Fabio g.Rodrig.es g.ovanna Dasilva steven D Wexner Department of Colorectal Surg.ry Cleveland Clinic FloridaWestonFL 33331United States

Neutropenic colitis is a severe condition usually affecting.immunocompromised patients. Its exact pathog.nesis is not completely understood. The main elements in disease onset appear to be intestinal mucosal injury tog.ther with neutropenia and the weakened immune system of the afflicted patients. These initial conditions lead to intestinal edema, eng.rg.d vessels, and a disrupted mucosal surface, which becomes more vulnerable to bacterial intramural invasion. Chemotherapeutic ag.nts can cause direct mucosal injury (mucositis) or can predispose to distension and necrosis, thereby altering.intestinal motility. This article aims to review current concepts reg.rding.neutropenic colitis’ pathog.nesis, diag.osis, and manag.ment.

关键词： Neutropenic enterocolitis Neutropenic colitis Immunocompromise Intestinal mucosal injury Neutropenia Intestinal edema Intramural invasion Pathog.nesis

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