检索结果-南通市图书馆

Combination therapy for erectile dysfunction： an update review

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 382-390,510,511页

作者： Rohit R Dhir Hao-Cheng Lin steven e Canfield Run Wang Division of Urology University of Texas Medical School at Houston Houston TX 77030 USA Department of Urology Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210008 China Department of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA

The introduction of oral phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors （PDe51s） in the late 1990s and early 2000s revolutionized the field of sexual medicine and PDe51s are currently first-line monotherapy for erectile dysfunction （eD）. However, a significant proportion of patients with complex eD will be therapeutic non-responders to PDe51 monotherapy. Combination therapy has recently been adopted for more refractory cases of eD, but a critical evaluation of current combination therapies is lacking. A thorough PubMed and Cochrane Library search was conducted focusing on the effectiveness of combination therapies for eD in therapeutic non-responders to PDe51 therapy. Journal articles spanning the time period between January 1990 and December 2010 were reviewed. Criteria included all pertinent review articles, randomized controlled trials, cohort studies and retrospective analyses. References from retrieved articles were also manually scanned for additional relevant publications. Published combination therapies include PDe51 plus vacuum erectile device （VeD）, intraurethral medication, intracavernosal injection （ICI）, androgen supplement, a-blocker or miscellaneous combinations. Based on this review, some of these combination treatments appeared to be quite effective in preliminary testing. Caution must be advised, however, as the majority of combination therapy articles in the last decade have numerous limitations including study biases and small subject size. Regardless of limitations, present combination therapy research provides a solid foundation for future studies in complex eD management.

关键词： combination therapy intracavernosal injection erectile dysfunction phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors vacuum erectile device

Genetic variability of the stable fly assessed on a global scale using amplified fragment length polymorphism

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect Science 2016年第5期23卷 695-703页

作者： Kathleen M Kneeland steven R. Skoda John e. Foster Department of entomology 103 Entomology Haft University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE 68583 USDA-ARS-KBUSLIRL Screwworm Research Unit 2700 Fredericksburg Road Kern/ille TX 78028 USA

The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans （L.）（Diptera： Muscidae）, is a blood-feeding, economically important pest of animals and humans worldwide. Improved management strategies are essential and their development would benefit from studies on genetic di- versity of stable flies. especially if done on a global scale, such research could generate information necessary for the development and application of more efficient control meth- ods. Herein we report on a genetic study of stable flies using amplified fragment length polymorphism, with samples of 10-40 individuals acquired from a total of 25 locations in the Nearctic, Neotropic, Palearctic, Afrotropic and Australasian biogeographical regions. We hypothesized that genetic differentiation would exist across geographical barriers. Although Fsx （0.33） was moderately high, the Gsx （0.05; representing genetic diversity between individuals） was very low; Nm values （representing gene flow） were high （9.36）. The mismatch distribution and tests of neutrality suggested population expansion, with no genetic differentiation between locations. The analysis of molecular variance （AMOVA） results showed the majority of genetic diversity was within groups. The mantel test showed no correlation between geographic and genetic distance; this strongly supports the AMOVA results. These results suggest that stable flies did not show genetic differentiation but are panmictic, with no evidence of isolation by distance or across geographical barriers.

关键词： AFLP biting flies external parasites genetic diversity livestock pests Stomoxys calcitrans

Scales of snow depth variability in high elevation rangeland sagebrush

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of earth Science 2017年第3期11卷 469-481页

作者： Molly e. TeDeSCHe steven R. FASSNACHT Paul J. MeIMAN Watershed Science Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523-1476 USA Intemational Arctic Research Center Water & Environmental Research Center Institute of Northern Engineering University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK 99775 USA Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Fort Collins CO 80523-1375 USA Natural Resources ecology Laboratory Fort Collins CO 80523-1499 USA Abt. Kartographie GIS & Femerkundung Geographisches Institut Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen 37077 Gottingen Germany Rangeland ecosystem Science Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA

In high elevation semi-arid rangelands, sage- brush and other shrubs can affect transport and deposition of wind-blown snow, enabling the formation of snowdrifts. Datasets from three field experiments were used to investigate the scales of spatial variability of snow depth around big mountain sagebrush （Artemisia tridentata Nutt.） at a high elevation plateau rangeland in North Park, Colorado, during the winters of 2002, 2003, and 2008. Data were collected at multiple resolutions （0.05 to 25 m） and extents （2 to 1000 m）. Finer scale data were collected specifically for this study to examine the correlation between snow depth; sagebrush microtopogra- phy, the ground surface, and the snow surface, as well as the temporal consistency of snow depth patterns. Vario- grams were used to identify the spatial structure and the Moran＇s I statistic was used to determine the spatial correlation. Results show some temporal consistency in snow depth at several scales. Plot scale snow depth variability is partly a function of the nature of individual shrubs, as there is some correlation between the spatial structure of snow depth and sagebrush, as well as between the ground and snow depth. The optimal sampling resolution appears to be 25-cm, but over a large area, this would require a multitude of samples, and thus a random stratified approach is recommended with a fine measurement resolution of 5-cm.

关键词： snow hydrology high elevation rangelands,spatial statistics variograms snow pack spatial variability,snow drifts

Nutrition and metabolism in burn patients

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Burns & Trauma 2017年第2期5卷 95-106页

作者： Audra Clark Jonathan Imran Tarik Madni steven e. Wolf University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd.Dallas TX 75390 USA

Severe burn causes significant metabolic derangements that make nutritional support uniquely important and challenging for burned patients. Burn injury causes a persistent and prolonged hypermetabolic state and increased catabolism that results in increased muscle wasting and cachexia. Metabolic rates of burn patients can surpass twice normal, and failure to fulfill these energy requirements causes impaired wound healing, organ dysfunction,and susceptibility to infection. Adequate assessment and provision of nutritional needs is imperative to care for these patients. There is no consensus regarding the optimal timing, route, amount, and composition of nutritional support for burn patients, but most clinicians advocate for early enteral nutrition with highcarbohydrate *** support must be individualized, monitored, and adjusted throughout recovery. Further investigation is needed regarding optimal nutritional support and accurate nutritional endpoints and goals.

关键词： Burn Nutrition Metabolism Critical care

Applying machine learning to study fluid mechanics

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta Mechanica Sinica 2021年第12期37卷 1718-1726页

作者： steven L.Brunton Department of Mechanical engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

This paper provides a short overview of how to use machine learning to build data-driven models in fluid *** process of machine learning is broken down into five stages:(1)formulating a problem to model,(2)collecting and curating training data to inform the model,(3)choosing an architecture with which to represent themodel,(4)designing a loss function to assess the performance of the model,and(5)selecting and implementing an optimization algorithm to train the *** each stage,we discuss how prior physical knowledge may be embedding into the process,with specific examples from the field of fluid mechanics.

关键词： Machine learning Fluid mechanics Physics-informed machine learning Neural networks Deep learning

Poor maternal nutrition inhibits muscle development in ovine offspring

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第1期6卷 79-89页

作者： Sarah A Reed Joseline S Raja Maria L Hoffman steven A Zinn Kristen e Govoni Department of Animal Science University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Background： Maternal over and restricted nutrition has negative consequences on the muscle of offspring by reducing muscle fiber number and altering regulators of muscle growth. To determine if over and restricted maternal nutrition affected muscle growth and gene fed 60%, 100% or 140% of National Research Council and protein expression in offspring, 36 pregnant ewes were requirements from d 31 ＋ 1,3 of gestation until parturition. Lambs from control-fed （CON）, restricted-fed （ReS） or over-fed （OVeR） ewes were necropsied within 1 d of birth （n = 18） or maintained on a control diet for 3 mo （n = ] 5）. Semitendinosus muscle was collected for immunohistochemistry, and protein and gene expression analysis. Results： Compared with CON, muscle fiber cross-sectional area （CSA） increased in ReS （58%） and OVeR （47%） lambs at 1 d of age （P〈 0.01）; however at 3 mo, CSA decreased 15% and 17% compared with CON, respectively （P 〈 0.01）. Compared with CON, muscle lipid content was increased in OVeR （212.4%） and ReS （92.5%） at d 1 （P 〈 0.0001）. Muscle lipid content was increased 36.1% in OVeR and decreased 23.6% in ReS compared with CON at 3 mo （P 〈 0.0001）. At d 1, myostatin mRNA abundance in whole muscle tended to be greater in OVeR （P = 0.07） than CON. Follistatin mRNA abundance increased in OVeR （P = 0.04） and tended to increase in ReS （P = 0.06） compared with CON at d 1. However, there was no difference in myostatin or follistatin protein expression （P 〉 0.3）. Phosphorylated Akt （ser473） was increased in ReS at 3 mo compared with CON （P = 0.006）. Conclusions： In conclusion, maternal over and restricted nutrient intake alters muscle lipid content and growth of offspring, possibly through altered gene and protein expression.

关键词： Growth Maternal nutrition Muscle development Sheep

Some highlights of the Gamma-ray first four years of the Fermi Space Telescope

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of physics 2013年第6期8卷 693-713页

作者： steven Ritz Department of Physics and the SCIPP University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA

The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, formerly called GLAST, measures the cosmic gamma-ray flux in the energy range 8 keV to 〉 300 GeV. In addition to breakthrough capabilities in energy coverage and localization, the very large field of view enables observations of 20~ of the sky at any instant, and the entire sky on a timescale of a few hours. With its launch in 2008, Fermi opens a new and important window on a wide variety of phenomena, including pulsars, black holes and active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts, supernova remnants and the origins of cosmic rays, and searches for hypothetical new phenomena such as particle dark matter annihilations. A brief overview and selected science highlights from the first four years are provided.

关键词： high-energy gamma-ray astrophysics dark matter fundamental physics tests spacebased astrophysics space-based particle astrophysics gamma-ray bursts blazars pulsars

A model for the control of DNA integrity by the sperm nuclear matrix

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第4期17卷 610-615页

作者： Joanna e Gawecka Jordi Ribas-Maynou Jordi Benet W steven Ward Clinical and Translational Research Program Universityof Hawaii Cancer Center Honolulu HI USA Cell BiologyUnit Cell Biology Phisiology and Immunology DepartmentMedicine Faculty Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona08193 Bellaterra Spain Center of Male Infertility andAnalysis de Barcelona Edifici Eureka PBM5 Parc deRecerca de la UAB Campus de la UAB 08193 BellaterraSpain Institute for Biogenesis Research Departmentof Anatomy Biochemistry and Physiology Honolulu HIUSA Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Women'sHealth John A. Burns School of Medicine University ofHawaii at Manoa. Honolulu. HI 96822. USA.

The highly condensed chromatin of mammalian spermatozoa is usually considered to be biologically inert before fertilization. However, we have demonstrated that even in this compacted state, sperm chromatin is subject to degradation at open configurations associated with the nuclear matrix through a process we have termed sperm chromatin fragmentation （SCF）. ＂[his suggests that a mechanism exists to monitor the health of spermatozoa during transit through the male reproductive tract and to destroy the genome of defective sperm cells. The site of DNA damage in SCF, the matrix attachment sites, are the same that we hypothesize initiate DNA synthesis in the zygote. When sperm that have damaged DNA are injected into the oocyte, the newly created zygote responds by delaying DNA synthesis in the male pronudeus and, if the damage is severe enough, arresting the embryo＇s development. Here we present a model for paternal DNA regulation by the nuclear matrix that begins during sperm maturation and continues through early embryonic development.

关键词： DNA mammalian spermatozoa

Finding a role for cancer vaccines in pancreatic cancer:a model of resilience

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第1期11卷 115-118页

作者： Gentry King steven Green e.Gabriela Chiorean Department of Medicine Division of Medical OncologyUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA Clinical Research Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWAUSA

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with folinic acid,5-fluorouracil,irinotecan and oxaliplatin(FOLFIRINOX)or gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel(Gem-nabP)for 4 to 6 months,potentially followed by chemoradiotherapy and an attempt for surgical resection for select patients,represents the multidisciplinary care standard for borderline resectable(BRPC)and locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(LAPC)patients with good performance status(1,2).With neoadjuvant therapy,resection rates average 65%and survival ranges from 22-29 months for BRPC,whereas LAPC patients have resection rates of 15-20%and survival of 16-24 months,respectively(3-5).

关键词： chemotherapy cancer patients