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Aging and uremia:Is there cellular and molecular crossover?

World Journal of Nephrology 2015年第1期4卷 19-30页

作者： William e White Muhammad M Yaqoob steven M Harwood Queen Mary University of London Translational Medicine and TherapeuticsWilliam Harvey Research InstituteJohn Vane Science CentreEC1M 6BQ LondonUnited Kingdom Department of Nephrology Barts Health NHS TrustThe Royal London HospitalWhitechapelE1 1BB LondonUnited Kingdom

Many observers have noted that the morphological changes that occur in chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients resemble those seen in the geriatric population, with strikingly similar morbidity and mortality profiles and rates of frailty in the two groups, and shared characteristics at a pathophysiological level especially in respect to the changes seen in their vascular andimmune systems. However, whilst much has been documented about the shared physical characteristics of aging and uremia, the molecular and cellular similarities between the two have received less attention. In order to bridge this perceived gap we have reviewed published research concerning the common molecular processes seen in aging subjects and CKD patients, with specific attention to altered proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, post-translational protein modification, and senescence and telomere attrition. We have also sought to illustrate how the cell death and survival pathways apoptosis, necroptosis and autophagy are closely interrelated, and how an understanding of these overlapping pathways is helpful in order to appreciate the shared molecular basis behind the pathophysiology of aging and uremia. This analysis revealed many common molecular characteristics and showed similar patterns of cellular dysfunction. We conclude that the accelerated aging seen in patients with CKD is underpinned at the molecular level, and that a greater understanding of these molecular processes might eventually lead to new much needed therapeutic strategies of benefit to patients with renal disease.

关键词： Aging Uremia Apoptosis Autophagy Senescence Telomeres Mitochondria Post-transla-tional protein modification Klotho

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The impact of minimally invasive surgeries for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia on male sexual function： a systematic review

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第4期12卷 500-508页

作者： Ryan W. Frieben Hao-Cheng Lin Peter e Hinh Francesco Berardinelli steven e. Canfield Run Wang Division of Urology University of Texas Medical School at Houston Houston TX 77030 USA Department of Urology Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210008 China Division of Urology Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences ＂G.d＇Annunzio＂ University Chieti Italy Department of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Caneer Center Houston TX 77030 USA

A systematic review of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies was conducted to evaluate data for the effects of minimally invasive procedures for treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） on male sexual function. The studies searched were trials that enrolled men with symptomatic BPH who were treated with laser surgeries, transurethral microwave therapy （TUMT）, transurethral needle ablation of the prostate （TUNA）, transurethral ethanol ablation of the prostate （TeAP） and high-intensity frequency ultrasound （HIFU）, in comparison with traditional transurethral resection of the prostate （TURP） or sham operations. A total of 72 studies were identified, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria. Of the 33 studies, 21 were concerned with laser surgeries, six with TUMT, four with TUNA and two with TeAP containing information regarding male sexual function. No study is available regarding the effect of HIFU for BPH on male sexual function. Our analysis shows that minimally invasive surgeries for BPH have comparable effects to those of TURP on male erectile function. Collectively, less than 15.4% or 15.2% of patients will have either decrease or increase, respectively, of erectile function after laser procedures, TUMT and TUNA. As observed with TURP, a high incidence of ejaculatory dysfunction （ejD） is common after treatment of BPH with holmium, potassium-titanyl-phosphate and thulium laser therapies （〉 33.6%）. TUMT, TUNA and neodymium：yttrium aluminum garnet visual laser ablation or interstitial laser coagulation for BPH has less incidence of ejD, but these procedures are considered less effective for BPH treatment when compared with TURP.

关键词： benign prostatic hyperplasia ejaculatory dysfunction erectile dysfunction minimally invasive surgery sexual function,transurethral resection of the prostate

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Recent advancements in noninvasive brain modulation for individuals with autism spectrum disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1191-1195页

作者： Jessica R.Griff Jake Langlie Nathalie B.Bencie Zachary J.Cromar Jeenu Mittal Idil Memis steven Wallace Alexander e.Marcillo Rahul Mittal Adrien A.eshraghi Hearing Research and Communication Disorders Laboratory Department of OtolaryngologyNeurotology DivisionUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Neurological Surgery University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Biomedical engineering University of MiamiCoral GablesFLUSA Department of Pediatrics University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA

Autism spectrum disorder is classified as a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders with an unknown definitive *** with autism spectrum disorder show deficits in a variety of areas including cognition,memory,attention,emotion recognition,and social *** no definitive treatment or cure,the main interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder are based on behavioral ***,noninvasive brain modulation techniques including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,continuous theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation have been studied for their therapeutic properties of modifying neuroplasticity,particularly in individuals with autism spectrum *** evidence from small cohort studies,pilot studies,and clinical trials suggests that the various noninvasive brain stimulation techniques have therapeutic benefits for treating both behavioral and cognitive manifestations of autism spectrum ***,little data is available for quantifying the clinical significance of these findings as well as the long-term outcomes of individuals with autism spectrum disorder who underwent transcranial *** objective of this review is to highlight the most recent advancements in the application of noninvasive brain modulation technology in individuals with autism spectrum disorder.

关键词： autism spectrum disorder behavior cognition neurostimulation interventions noninvasive brain modulation theta burst stimulation transcranial direct current stimulation transcranial magnetic stimulation

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Oxygen uptake response to switching stairs exercise by non-parametric modeling

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第2期22卷 315-325页

作者： Hairong Yu Chenyu Zhang Kai Cao Hamzah M.Alqudah steven Weidong Su Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Ministry of education and the School of Biological Science and Medical engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing210096JiangsuChina College of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data for Medical Science Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan250117ShandongChina Faculty of engineering and Information Technology University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia

Oxygen uptake plays a crucial role in the evaluation of endurance performance during exercise and is extensively utilized for metabolic assessment. This study records the oxygen uptake during the exercise phase (i.e., ascending or descending) of the stair exercise, utilizing an experimental dataset that includes ten participants and covers various exercise periods. Based on the designed experiment protocol, a non-parametric modeling method with kernel-based regularization is generally applied to estimate the oxygen uptake changes during the switching stairs exercise, which closely resembles daily life activities. The modeling results indicate the effectiveness of the non-parametric modeling approach when compared to fixed-order models in terms of accuracy, stability, and compatibility. The influence of exercise duration on estimated fitness reveals that the model of the phase-oxygen uptake system is not time-invariant related to respiratory metabolism regulation and muscle fatigue. Consequently, it allows us to study the humans’ conversion mechanism at different metabolic rates and facilitates the standardization and development of exercise prescriptions.

关键词： Non-parametric modeling Interval stair training exercise Kernel method.Cardiorespiratory response Oxygen uptake

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VISUAL DISABILITIeS ReLATeD TO INTRAOCULAR LeNS DeSIGN

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eye Science 1990年第Z1期15卷 36-39页

作者： Gerri Goodman Walter J.Stark John D.Gottsch Daniel Goodman steven Olkowski A.e.Maumenee Ivan escape Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medccine Baltimore Maryland U. S. A.

Intraoeular. lens implantation after cataract extraction has become a common practice in the United States. However, unwanted optical images can correet an otherwise successful surgery into one that causes patient dissatisfaction. Refinements in manufacturing design and finishing have greatly improved the quality of present day intraocular lenses, but there is continued interest in simulating the optics of the human crystalline *** will discuss the optical requirements of intraocular lenses and how these are influenced by optic design and dimension, and spectral transmission characteristics.

关键词： intraocular cataract otherwise implantation crystalline optic VISUAL continued finishing aberration

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First demonstration of an all-solid-state optical cryocooler

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 922-931页

作者： Markus P.Hehlen Junwei Meng Alexander R.Albrecht eric R.Lee Aram Gragossian steven P.Love Christopher e.Hamilton Richard I.epstein Mansoor Sheik-Bahae Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O.Box 1663Los AlamosNM 87545USA Department of Physics&Astronomy University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA

Solid-state optical refrigeration uses anti-Stokes fluorescence to cool macroscopic objects to cryogenic temperatures without *** such as Yb3+-doped YLiF4(YLF:Yb)have previously been laser-cooled to 91 *** this study,we show for the first time laser cooling of a payload connected to a cooling crystal.A YLF:Yb crystal was placed inside a Herriott cell and pumped with a 1020-nm laser(47 W)to cool a HgCdTe sensor that is part of a working Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR)spectrometer to 135 *** first demonstration of an all-solid-state optical cryocooler was enabled by careful control of the various desired and undesired heat *** heating of the payload was minimized by using a single-kink YLF thermal link between the YLF:Yb cooling crystal and the copper coldfinger that held the HgCdTe *** adhesive-free bond between YLF and YLF:Yb showed excellent thermal *** laser-cooled assembly was then supported by silica aerogel cylinders inside a vacuum clamshell to minimize undesired conductive and radiative heat loads from the warm *** structure can serve as a baseline for future optical cryocooler devices.

关键词： optical pumped desired

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Navigating a new direction in micro-invasive glaucoma surgery:results from the COMPASS trial

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Annals of eye Science 2017年第1期2卷 16-19页

作者： Kateki Vinod steven J.Gedde Department of Ophthalmology New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA Bascom Palmer eye Institute University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA

Recent innovations and technological advances have ushered in a new era of surgical approaches to glaucoma *** options have expanded beyond traditional incisional glaucoma surgery(i.e.,trabeculectomy and tube shunts)to include newer procedures that can be implemented earlier in patients with milder *** of these recently introduced operations can be classified as micro-invasive glaucoma surgery(MIGS),for which five defining criteria have been proposed:an ab interno approach;minimal tissue trauma;at least modest efficacy;high safety;and rapid recovery(1).Candidates for currently available MIGS are generally those with early glaucoma whose disease does not require very low intraocular pressure(IOP)to retard progression and/or who may benefit from reduction in medical therapy.

关键词： glaucoma surgery operations

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Metabolic pathways as possible therapeutic targets for progressive multiple sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第8期12卷 1262-1267页

作者： Rebecca M.Heidker Mitchell R.emerson steven M.Le Vine Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology University of Kansas Medical Center Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy-Glendale Midwestern University

Unlike relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis, there are very few therapeutic options for patients with progressive forms of multiple sclerosis. While immune mechanisms are key participants in the pathogenesis of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis, the mechanisms underlying the development of progressive multiple sclerosis are less well understood. Putative mechanisms behind progressive multiple sclerosis have been put forth： insufficient energy production via mitochondrial dysfunction, activated microglia, iron accumulation, oxidative stress, activated astrocytes, Wallerian degeneration, apoptosis, etc. Furthermore, repair processes such as remyelination are incomplete. experimental therapies that strive to improve metabolism within neurons and glia, e.g., oligodendrocytes, could act to counter inadequate energy supplies and/or support remyelination. Most experimental approaches have been examined as standalone interventions; however, it is apparent that the biochemical steps being targeted are part of larger pathways, which are further intertwined with other metabolic pathways. Thus, the potential benefits of a tested intervention, or of an established therapy, e.g., ocrelizumab, could be undermined by constraints on upstream and/or downstream steps. If correct, then this argues for a more comprehensive, multifaceted approach to therapy. Here we review experimental approaches to support neuronal and glial metabolism, and/or promote remyelination, which may have potential to lessen or delay progressive multiple sclerosis.

关键词： acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase biotin estrogen iron Kynurenine pathway mitochondria thyroidhormone remyelination stem cells vitamin D

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Signs and syndromes in acute appendicitis:A pathophysiologic approach

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2022年第7期14卷 727-730页

作者： steven Howard Yale Halil Tekiner eileen Scott Yale Internal Medicine University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32827United States Department of the History of Medicine and ethics Erciyes University School of MedicineMelikgazi 38039KayseriTurkey Division of General Internal Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608United States

Physical examination signs have not been well studied,and their accuracy and reliability in diagnosis remain *** few studies available are limited in that the method of performing the sign was not stated,the technique used was not standardized,and the position of the appendix was not correlated with imaging or surgical *** appendiceal signs were written in a non-english language and may not have been appropriately translated(e.g.,Blumberg-Shchetkin and Rovsing).In other cases,the sign described differs from the original report(e.g.,Rovsing,Blumberg-Shchetkin,and Cope sign,Murphy syndrome).Because of these studies limitations,gaps remain regarding the signs’utility in the bedside diagnosis of acute *** on the few studies available with these limitations in mind,the results suggest that a positive test is more likely to be found in acute ***,a negative test does not exclude the ***,these tests increase the likelihood of ruling in acute appendicitis when positive but are less helpful in ruling out disease when *** about the correct method of performing the sign may be a valuable adjunct to the surgeon in further increasing their pretest probability of ***,it may allow surgeons to study these signs further to better understand their role in clinical *** the interim,these signs should continue to be used as a tool to supplement the clinical diagnosis.

关键词： Appendicitis Signs and symptoms Psoas Rovsing Signs and symptoms Syndrome

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NADPH oxidase-1 deficiency offers little protection in Salmonella typhimurium-induced typhlitis in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第46期22卷 10158-10165页

作者： Fong-Fong Chu R steven esworthy James H Doroshow Binghui Shen Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology Department of Cancer Genetics and epigenetics Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Center for Cancer Research and Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis National Cancer Institute

AIM To test whether Nox1 plays a role in typhlitis induced by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium(S. Tm) in a mouse *** eight-week-old male wild-type(WT) and Nox1 knockout(KO) C57BL6/J(B6) mice were administered metronidazole water for 4 d to make them susceptible to S. Tm infection by the oral route. The mice were given plain water and administered with 4 different doses of S. Tm by oral gavage. The mice were followed for another 4 d. From the time of the metronidazole application, the mice were observed twice daily and weighed daily. The ileum, cecum and colon were removed for sampling at the fourth day post-inoculation. Portions of all three tissues were fixed for histology and placed in RNAlater for m RNA/c DNA preparation and quantitative real-time PCR. The contents of the cecum were recovered for estimation of S. Tm *** We found Nox1-knockout(Nox1-KO) mice were not more sensitive to S. Tm colonization and infection than WT B6 mice. This conclusion is based on the following observations:(1) S. Tm-infection induced similar weight loss in Nox1-KO mice compared to WT mice;(2) the same S. Tm CFU was recovered from the cecal content of Nox1-KO and WT mice regardless of the inoculation dose, except the lowest inoculation dose(2 × 106 CFU) for which the Nox1-KO had one-log lower CFU than WT mice;(3) there is no difference in cecal pathology between WT and Nox1-KO groups; and(4) there are no S. Tm infection-induced changes in gene expression levels(IL-1b, TNF-α, and Duox2) between WT and Nox1-KO groups. The Alpi gene expression was more suppressed by S. Tm treatment in WT than the Nox1-KO cecum. CONCLUSION Nox1 does not protect mice from S. Tm colonization. Nox1-KO provides a very minor protective effect against S. Tm infection. Using NOX1-specific inhibitors for colitis therapy should not increase risks in bacterial infection.

关键词： Knockout mouse NADPH Oxidase-1 Salmonella typhimurium Goblet cells Reactive oxygen species

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