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Idiopathic fistula-in-ano

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第28期17卷 3277-3285页

作者： Sherief Shawki steven d Wexner department of Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic Florida department of Surgery Suez Canal University

Fistula-in-ano is the most common form of perineal ***,a fistula includes an internal opening,a track,and an external *** external opening might acutely appear following infection and/or an abscess,or more insiduously in a chronic *** includes control of infection,assessment of the fistulous track in relation to the anal sphincter muscle,and finally,definitive treatment of the *** was the most commonly used mode of management,but concerns about post-fistulotomy incontinence prompted the use of sphincter preserving techniques such as advancement flaps,fibrin glue,collagen fistula plug,ligation of the intersphincteric fistula track,and stem *** descriptive and comparative studies have evaluated these different techniques with variable *** lack of consistent results,level I evidence,or long-term follow-up,as well as the heterogeneity of fistula pathology has prevented a definitive treatment *** article will review the most commonly available modalities and techniques for managing idiopathic fistula-in-ano.

关键词： Anal fistula Seton Fistulotomy Advancement flap Fibrin glue Fistula plug

The future of sustainable chemistry and process: Convergence of artificial intelligence, data and hardware

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Energy and AI 2020年第2期2卷 167-174页

作者： Xin Yee Tai Hao Zhang Zhiqiang Niu steven d.R.Christie Jin Xuan department of Chemical Engineering Loughborough UniversityLoughborough LE113TUUnited Kingdom School of Engineering The University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93FBUnited Kingdom department of Chemistry Loughborough UniversityLoughborough LE113TUUnited Kingdom

Sustainable chemistry for renewable energy generation and green synthesis is a timely research topic with the vision to provide present needs without compromising future *** the era of Industry 4.0,sustainable chemistry and process are undergoing a drastic transformation from continuous flow system toward the next level of operations,such as cooperating and coordinating machine,self-decision-making system,autonomous and automatic problem solver by integrating artificial intelligence,data and hardware in the cyber-physical *** to the lack of convergence between the physical and cyber spaces,the open-loop systems are facing challenges such as data isolation,slow cycle time,and insufficient resources *** researches have been devoted to accelerating these cycles,reducing the time between multistep processes and real-time characterization via additive manufacturing,in-/on-line monitoring,and artificial *** final goal is to concurrently propose process recipes,flow synthesis,and molecules characterization in sustainable chemical processes,with each step transmitting and receiving data *** process is known as‘closing the loop’,which will potentially create a future lab with highly integrated systems,and generate a service-orientated platform for end-to-end synchronization and self-evolving,inverse molecular design,and automatic science *** perspective provides a methodical approach for understanding cyber and physical systems individually,enabled by artificial intelligence and additive manufacturing,respectively,in combination with in-/on-line ***,the future perspective and key challenges for the development of the closed-loop system in sustainable chemistry and process are discussed.

关键词： Artificial intelligence In-/on-line monitoring Additive manufacturing

Top 20 cited Spine Journal articles,1990-2009

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第3期5卷 392-397页

作者： Hossein K Elgafy Jacob d Miller Sohaib Hashmi steven Ericksen department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Toledo Medical CenterToledoOH 43614United States

AIM:To determine the most cited articles and most published authors in Spine Journal from ***:Spine Journal,established in 1976,is affiliated with 12 spine societies and a leader in spine research *** analysis is a method to determine the impact of a journal and its articles on academia and clinical *** the Institute for Scientific Information Web of Knowledge,we determined the most cited articles in Spine Journal *** characteristics and type of article were ***,we evaluated the most published authors during the same time period and calculated the number of citations for each *** number of first authorships for each of these authors was also determined along with the number of citations for those ***:The top 20 cited articles range from 491 to267 total *** top 20 published authors had between 41 and 135 *** of the top 20articles were clinical *** range of citations per lead authorship ratio was 36 to 724 with one author having no lead *** back pain was the most common theme encountered in the top cited *** first-ranked article was not a spine-specific topic rather it was regarding general physical and men-tal health status survey update ***:Spine Journal and its authors have a clear impact on the scientific community based on this review of the top articles and authors in the last 20years.

关键词： Citation analysis Back pain Spine Journal

Redo sphincteroplasty:are the results sustainable?

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第1期4卷 39-42,I0002页

作者： Kwangdae Hong Giovanna dasilva John T.dollerschell david Maron steven d.Wexner department of Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic FloridaWestonFLUSA

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the long-termoutcomes of patients who undergo redo sphincteroplasty(RS).Methods:Patients with fecal incontinence(FI)who underwent RS between November 1988 and december 2011 were retrospectively identified from a prospective database.A questionnaire and telephone survey assessed current Cleveland Clinic Fecal Incontinence Score(CCFFIS;best 0,worst 20)and Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life(FIQoL;best 4.1,worst 1)*** was defined as no further continence surgery,no stoma and CCFFISd Mann-Whitney U tests were used for comparing quantitative *** logistic regression analysis was done to identify predictive factors for ***:Fifty-six(66.7%)of 84 patients who underwent RS were available for evaluation at a median follow-up of 74(range:12-283)*** mean CCFFIS decreased from 16.563.7 to 11.966.6(Pderwent further continence surgery for failed sphincteroplasty,three(5.4%)of whom had a permanent *** patients(32.1%)had a CCFFISd 16(28.6%)had long-term *** patients evaluated for FIQoL had a mean value of 2.6(range:1.0-4.1).Postoperative CCFFIS was correlated with FIQoL(Spearman’s correlation coefficient?0.854,Pdid not reveal any significant predictive variables for success of ***:Based on our criteria for success,the long-term success rate for RS over a median of 74 months is poor.

关键词： fecal incontinence redo sphincteroplasty long-term outcome

Natural history,clinical characteristics,outcomes,and long-term follow-up of pain-free chronic pancreatitis

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Gastroenterology Report 2023年第1期11卷 309-315页

作者： Awais Ahmed Ishani Shah Rachel Bocchino steven d.Freedman darshan J.Kothari Sunil G.Sheth department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA department of Medicine Division of Internal MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyDuke UniversityDurhamNCUSA

Background:Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is characterized by chronic abdominal pain and functional ***,a small subset of patients with prior acute pancreatitis(AP)and/or underlying risk factors for developing CP may be pain-free at diagnosis and may have a different clinical *** aimed to compare the clinical characteristics,outcomes,and healthcare utilization between CP patients with and without ***:Reviewed patients with established CP were followed in our Pancreas Center between January 2016 and April *** without risk factors for developing CP and/or without AP prior to their diagnosis and only with incidental radiologic features of CP were excluded,so as tominimize confounding factors of pancreatopathy unrelated to *** were divided into painful and pain-free groups to analyze differences in demographics,outcomes,and healthcare ***:Of 368 CP patients,49(13.3%)were pain-free at diagnosis and had remained so for>9 *** were no significant differences in body mass index,race,sex,or co-morbidities between the two ***-free patients were older at diagnosis(53.9 vs 45.7,P=0.004)and had less recurrent AP(RAP)(43.8%vs 72.5%,Pd less exocrine pancreatic insufficiency(EPI)(34.7%vs 65.7%,Pd less disability(2.2%vs 22.0%,P=0.003),mental illness(20.4%vs 61.0%,Pd therapeutic interventions(0.0%vs 16.4%,P=0.005)for ***:We described a unique subset of patients with underlying risk factors for CP and/or prior AP who were painfree at *** were older at diagnosis,had less EPI and RAP,and overall favorable outcomes with minimal resource utilization.

关键词： chronic pancreatitis pain-free pancreatic insufficiency diabetes

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Cherish your weeds

Molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 396-397页

作者： steven dreissig Martin Mascher Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences Martin-Luther-University Halle-WittenbergHalle(Saale)Germany Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research(IPK) SeelandOT GaterslebenGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(idiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig LeipzigGermany

The domestication of crops was a protracted process that extended over thousands of *** began approximately 12000 years ago and marked the onset of the Neolithic *** the Neolithic,human cultures transitioned from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle toward one of agriculture and *** process,however,was a long one,which spanned many human *** this period,many of today's most important crops were domesticated from wild *** include wheat,barley,rice,and maize.

关键词： crops weed settlement

Bloch surface eigenstates within the radiation continuum

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Light(Science & Applications) 2013年第1期2卷 113-118页

作者： Chia Wei Hsu Bo Zhen Song-Liang Chua steven G Johnson John d Joannopoulos Marin Soljacic Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA department of Physics Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

From detailed numerical calculations,we demonstrate that in simple photonic crystal structures,a discrete number of Bloch surface-localized eigenstates can exist inside the continuum of free-space *** to the free space causes the surface modes to leak,but the forward and back-reflected leakage may interfere destructively to create a perfectly bound surface state with zero *** perform analytical temporal coupled-mode theory analysis to show the generality of such phenomenon and its robustness from variations of system ***,time-reversal invariance,two-fold rotational symmetry and a perfectly reflecting boundary are necessary for these unique states.

关键词： bound state in continuum embedded eigenvalue photonic crystal surface mode

Inadequacies in the Current definition of the Meter and Ramifications

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Journal of Modern Physics 2023年第3期14卷 330-360页

作者： steven d. deines donatech Corporation Inc. Fairfield IA USA

The current definition of the meter as based on the time of light transmission and the postulated universal constant light speed is ill-defined and inadequate. The definition fails to identify which second is required, whether to use coordinate or proper time, or which method to construct an exact meter, besides ignoring gravity’s effect. In Einstein’s 1905 paper that defined special relativity, Einstein stipulated correctly that light traversing the ends of a resting rod takes equal time transmissions in either direction. If that rod is oriented parallel to a constant velocity, a photon from one end of the moving rod takes a longer time span with a universal constant light speed to overtake the receding end and takes a shorter time span to intercept the approaching end of the rod when transmitted in the opposite direction, resulting in a longer roundtrip distance of photons traversing the moving rod versus the resting rod. Length contraction undercompensates this difference. Einstein did not address this issue. However, Einstein claimed the unequal time intervals over the moving rod versus equal intervals over the resting rod are because simultaneous states for the resting observer and resting rod are nonsimultaneous for the constant moving observer. This contradicts his first postulate of relativity: any state of a physical system (e.g., equal timed traverses of photons moving over a rod) is unaffected by a constant translational velocity between inertial reference frames. An in-depth analysis examines Einstein’s thought experiment for an adequate redefinition. The analysis reveals one-way photon velocities obey vector velocity addition involving moving photon sources, but it proves by induction that roundtrip photon traverses have an average speed that is identical to the standard light speed c. Thus, Einstein’s second postulate of relativity is not general, but is valid for roundtrip traverses of photon transmissions. This may change many physical concepts, sinc

关键词： Light Speed Time dilation Length Contraction Special Relativity Gravitation

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taTME:boom or bust?

Gastroenterology Report 2020年第1期8卷 1-4,I0001页

作者： Liang Kang Patricia Sylla Sam Atallah Massaki Ito steven d.Wexner Jian-Ping Wang department of Colorectal Surgery Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor DiseasesThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA The College of Medicine Endo-Surgical Center of FloridaDepartment of Colorectal SurgeryFlorida HospitalOrlandoFLUSA Colorectal and Pelvic Surgery division Department of Surgical OncologyNational Cancer Center Hospital EastKashiwaChibaJapan department of Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic FloridaWestonFLUSA

Since Sylla et al.[1]introduced transanal total mesorectal excision(taTME)in 2010,there has been rapid global uptake of this approach,predicated upon the postulated advantage of improved visualization of and access to the deep pelvic *** approach has been proposed for locally adries have demonstrated the procedural safety and short-and long-term oncologic adequacy of taTME in carefully selected patients,when performed by experienced high-volume taTME surgeons[1–7].

关键词： anatomy carefully experienced