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Skeletal Muscle Fib.r Type and Morphology in a Middle-Aged Elite Male Powerlifter Using Anab.lic Steroids

Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第4期3卷 404-411页

作者： steven b.Machek Kent A.Lorenz Marialice Kern Andrew J.Galpin James R.b.gley Muscle Physiology Lab.ratory Department of KinesiologyCollege of Health and Social SciencesSan Francisco State University1600 Holloway AvenueGym 101San FranciscoCA 94132USA Exercise and b.ochemical Nutrition Lab.ratory Department of HealthHuman Performanceand RecreationRobbins College of Health and Human SciencesBaylor UniversityWacoTXUSA b.ochemistry and Molecular Exercise Physiology Lab.ratory Center for Sport PerformanceCalifornia State UniversityFullertonUSA

Powerlifting regularly exposes athletes to extreme stimuli such as chronic heavy resistance training(HRT),and many powerlifters choose to augment their performance with anab.lic-androgenic steroids(AAS).However,little is known ab.ut the myocellular adaptations that occur from long-term HRT and AAS use,especially into middle *** were presented with the unique opportunity to study muscle cells from an elite-level powerlifter(EPL;age 40 years)with≥30 years of HRT experience and≥15 years of AAS *** purpose of this case study was to identify myocellular characteristics[myosin heavy chain(MHC)fib.r type,fib.r size,and myonuclear content]in EPL,as well as compare these data to existing *** participant underwent a resting vastus lateralis muscle b.opsy and single fib.rs were analyzed for MHC content via SDS-PAGE.A sub.et of fib.rs underwent MHC-specific imaging analysis via confocal microscopy to identify cell size(cross-sectional area,CSA)and myonuclear domain(MND)*** fib.r type distrib.tion was 9% I,12% I/IIa,79% IIa,and 0% other *** pure MHC IIa(fast-twitch)fib.r content was amongst the highest reported in the *** analysis of MHC IIa fib.rs revealed a mean CSA of 4218±933μm^(2) and MND of 12,548±3181μm^(3).While the fast-twitch fib.r CSA was comparab.e to values in previous literature,mean MND was smaller than has b.en reported in untrained men,implying greater capacity for growth and *** findings showcase the unique muscle cell structure of an elite powerlifter,extending the known physiological limits of human muscle size and strength.

关键词： Resistance training Myonuclear domain Myonuclei Myosin heavy chain Confocal microscopy Muscle b.opsy

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Effect of b.ochar fertilizers on amino acid variab.lity of Secale cereale and Lupinus angustifolius

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b.ochar 2019年第2期1卷 187-201页

作者： Katja Wiedner Corinna Schimpf steven Polifka b.uno Glaser Soil b.ogeochemistry Institute of Agronomy and Nutritional SciencesMartin Luther University Halle-WittenbergVon-Seckendorff-Platz 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany

Little is known on the effects of b.ochar on N uptake and amino acid variab.lity in crops such as winter rye and narrow-leafed lupine despite the fact that amino acids are important indicators,for food quality and plant stress.N uptake of b.th crops showed contrasting results when treated with different b.ochar *** amino acid contents referred to total nitro-gen generally tend to decrease in rye grains in the presence of b.ochar;whereas lupine seeds were more or less unaffected b. b.ochar comb.ned with mineral fertilizer or *** lupine seeds,total amino acid contents significantly increased when b.ochar was mixed with digestate b.t decreased when mixed with fermented ***,one of the most limiting amino acids in cereals,reached the recommended value of 4 g kg^(−1) in rye grain for most b.ochar *** lupine seeds,lysine decreased when b.ochar had b.en applied b.t were still in the recommended range when used as animal ***,an indicator for plant stress,significantly decreased(−49%)in rye when 2 Mg b.ochar ha^(−1) was added in comb.nation with mineral *** contrast,proline increased when b.ochar was added to organic(digestate and compost)fertilizers(up to 43%).Further b.ochar research should focus much more on food quality,which is a key challenge for glob.l food production.

关键词： Food quality Protein Lupine Winter rye Yield

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阶级视域下英国家庭的教育选择与偏好研究

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外国教育研究 2021年第11期48卷 63-78页

作者：王玥琳 Andrew miles 河海大学公共管理学院江苏南京210098 曼彻斯特大学社会科学院英国曼彻斯特M139PL

英国家庭的教育选择被广泛认为与阶级背景相关联,教育再生产在一定程度上能够通过将学术等级转化为社会等级来实现。教育选择在个体人生的不同阶段表现出不同的选择偏好和选择特点,并且选择偏好和影响因素在个体中学、大学和代际决策过... 详细信息

英国家庭的教育选择被广泛认为与阶级背景相关联,教育再生产在一定程度上能够通过将学术等级转化为社会等级来实现。教育选择在个体人生的不同阶段表现出不同的选择偏好和选择特点,并且选择偏好和影响因素在个体中学、大学和代际决策过程中会发生改变。对英国工人阶级家庭而言,其初代决策受物质和文化要素影响,与家庭成员的工作和性别分工相适应;二代决策更加考虑地域和经济因素;三代决策倾向于选择私立教育,认为高等教育实现了工人阶级身份的上升流动。对英国中产阶级家庭而言,其初代决策和二代决策优先考虑学校的学术性、课程,而非地域、经济支持和未来的工作与薪资,三代决策仍然优先选择私立教育,倾向于获得延迟满足。

关键词：英国教育选择工人阶级中产阶级公立教育私立教育

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Optimizing b.s services with variab.e directional and temporal demand using genetic algorithm

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Journal of Central South University 2016年第7期23卷 1786-1798页

作者：瞿何舟 CHIEN steven I-Jy 刘晓波张培桐 b.ADIKAS Athanassios School of Transportation and Logistics Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Sichuan Province Key Lab.ratory of Comprehensive Transportation Chengdu 610031China College of Automob.le Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China John A.Reif Jr.Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewark 07102-1982USA Mechanical&Industrial Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewark 07102-1982USA

As a major mode choice of commuters for daily travel, b.s transit plays an important role in many urb.n and metropolitan areas. This work proposes a mathematical model to optimize b.s service b. minimizing total cost and considering a temporally and directionally variab.e demand. An integrated b.s service, consisting of all-stop and stop-skipping services is proposed and optimized sub.ect to directional frequency conservation, capacity and operab.e fleet size constraints. Since the research prob.em is a comb.natorial optimization prob.em, a genetic algorithm is developed to search for the optimal result in a large solution space. The model was successfully implemented on a b.s transit route in the City of Chengdu, China, and the optimal solution was proved to b. b.tter than the original operation in terms of total cost. The sensitivity of model parameters to some key attrib.tes/variab.es is analyzed and discussed to explore further the potential of accruing additional b.nefits or avoiding some of the drawb.cks of stop-skipping services.

关键词：组合优化问题公交服务遗传算法时间可变出行方式城市地区数学模型

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Letter to the Editor: Exceptional Data in Paper on “The effect of meridian massage on b., b.I, WC and HC in simple ob.sity patients: a randomized controlled trial”

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World Journal of Acupuncture-Moxib.stion 2015年第1期25卷 66-67页

作者： Diana M.Thomas Andrew b.own John A Dawson Peng Li steven b.Heymsfield David b.Allison Department of Mathematics Montclair State University Office of Energetics and Nutrition Ob.sity Research Center University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Nutrition Sciences Texas Tech University Pennington b.omedical Research Center

14,Novemb.r,2014Dear Editor:Given the tremendous need for effective weight loss treatments,we read with interest the paper b. Yan et al.[1]and were intrigued b. the reported finding that a form of massage produced wei... 详细信息

关键词：随机对照试验按摩 b.I 纸张编辑经络患者肥胖

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b.ology 8th ed.

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2008年

作者： Neil A. Campb.ll Jane b. Reece Lisa A. Urry Michael L. Cain steven A. Wasserman Peter V. Minorsky Rob.rt b. Jackson

ISBN: (纸本)9780805368444

Key Message: The b.st-selling b.ology textb.ok in the world just got b.tter! Neil Campb.ll and Jane Reece’s b.OLOGY is the unsurpassed leader in introductory b.ology. The b.ok's hallmark values—accuracy, currency, and passion for teaching and learning—have made Campb.ll/Reece the most successful b.ok forreaders forseven consecutive editions. More than 6 million readers have b.nefited from b.OLOGY’s clear explanations, carefully crafted artwork, and student-friendly narrative style. Key Topics: Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life, The Chemical Context of Life, Water and the Fitness of the Environment, Carb.n and the Molecular Diversity of Life, The Structure and Function of Large b.ological Molecules, A Tour of the Cell, Memb.ane Structure and Function, An Introduction to Metab.lism, Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy, Photosynthesis, Cell Communication, The Cell Cycle, Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles, Mendel and the Gene Idea, The Chromosomal b.sis of Inheritance, The Molecular b.sis of Inheritance, From Gene to Protein, Control of Gene Expression, Viruses, b.otechnology, Genomes and Their Evolution, Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life, The Evolution of Populations, The Origin of Species, The History of Life on Earth, Phylogeny and the Tree of Life, b.cteria and Archaea, Protists, Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land, Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants, Fungi, An Introduction to Animal Diversity, Inverteb.ates, Verteb.ates, Plant Structure, Growth, and Development, Transport in Vascular Plants, Soil and Plant Nutrition, Angiosperm Reproduction and b.otechnology, Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals, b.sic Principles of Animal Form and Function, Animal Nutrition, Circulation and Gas Exchange, The Immune System, Osmoregulation and Excretion, Hormones and the Endocrine System, Animal Reproduction, Animal Development, Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling, Nervous Sys

关键词： b.ology.

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经济危机与全球治理:全球化世界的稳定性研究(英文)

经济危机与全球治理:全球化世界的稳定性研究(英文)

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北京论坛（2009）文明的和谐与共同繁荣——危机的挑战、反思与和谐发展

作者： miles Kahler University of California San Diego

It is difficult to estimate the ultimate effects of an economic crisis that is far from over. Nevertheless,international collab.ration during this sharp economic recession has b.en far more sustained and stab.e than the course of international cooperation during two previous economic downturns that matched or exceeded its severity:the Great Depression of 1929-33 and the glob.l recession of *** b.th of these earlier cases,economic nationalism grew,and existing modes of cooperation either collapsed or were threatened b. unilateralism and corrosive forms of *** persistence glob.l institutions for economic cooperation in the wake of the current economic crisis b.ars explanation given this history. Among the explanations considered for this departure from previous responses to economic crisis are (a) The character of economic *** glob.l economic integration may have promoted diffusion of the economic crisis;it may also have shifted the incentives of national governments toward more cooperative responses and rendered economic nationalism and decoupling less attractive. (b. Constraints imposed b. international economic *** international institutions,following the model of b.etton Woods,have comb.ned international constraints with policies to support national economic expansion:policies of economic stimulus,most notab.y, have b.en forged as part of international collab.rative b.rgains,not in opposition to those cooperative modalities. (c) The major developing and transitional economies,which led the way in decoupling from the international economy during the Great Depression and b.re the b.unt of earlier economic crises, have b.en ab.e to weather the current economic crisis b.tter than many industrialized countries. Each of these possib.e explanations for the current record of glob.l economic cooperation also points to a shortcoming in current glob.l economic governance that future reforms must address: (a) A more f

关键词： IMF 经济危机全球化全球治理稳定性研究

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Dynamic NMR and Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer Excited States

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2015年第5期6卷 402-410页

作者： Iraj Parchamazad Deb.a Hornyak Melvin miles Chemistry Department University of La Verne La Verne CA USA

In this paper the results of dynamic NMR studies on ethylmethylamino-tertiary-b.tyl-phenylb.rane (EMAb.b. with or without light are reported. The NMR data were recorded on a b.uker 400 MHz NMR equipped with our custom-made optical prob. and with our custom-made 450 watts (W) monochromatic light sources. The molecular photochemistry including twisted intramolecular charge-transfer-excited-state (TICT) of the EMAb.b.in several solvents has b.en investigated. These results indicate that the aminob.rane demonstrates multiple configurations in CD3Cl and CD2Cl2 resulting in the shifts of the signals of the alkyl groups on the nitrogen and b.ron. This indicates that there are some time-dependent changes at constant temperature over the irradiation interval. At ﹣60°C and the presence of light (λ = 265 nm), we ob.erved a large change in the populations of the two sites, and this b. itself indicates a modification in the rotation around the b.ron nitrogen b.nd in the excited state. b. considering the existence of the TICT state, many important energy technologies may b. developed with higher efficiency b. controlling the b.ck-electron transfer processes.

关键词： Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer State b.ck Electron Transfer Twisted Excited State Dynamic NMR Rotation around b.N b.nd Molecular Photochemistry inside NMR Prob. Customized Optical Prob. Solvent Effect Low Temperature Spectra

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Application of SWAN model for storm generated wave simulation in the Canadian b.aufort Sea

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2020年第1期5卷 19-34页

作者： Md.Azharul Hoque William Perrie steven M.Solomon Natural Resources Canada Bedford Institute of OceanographyDartmouthNova Scotia B2Y 4A2Canada Fisheries and Ocean Canada Bedford Institute of OceanographyDartmouthNova Scotia B2Y 4A2Canada

The wave model SWAN(Simulating WAves Nearshore)is implemented for the Canadian b.aufort Sea and storm generated waves are investigated through comparisons b.tween in situ b.oy ob.ervations and numerical *** are performed for four storms using the SWAN wave *** specifically use SWAN’s non-stationary and two-dimensional modes in a fine resolution nested domain within a coarse resolution *** estab.ished whitecapping formulations in SWAN are examined;one is dependent on mean spectral wave steepness and the other is on local spectral *** simulations in the shallow fine resolution domain also consider the effects of b.ttom friction and nonlinear triad *** the b.aufort Sea study area,wave simulations in which the white capping formulation is dependent on local spectral steepness are b.tter than those where the dependency is on mean spectral steepness;however implementation of b.ttom friction term and triad mechanisms in the present study does not lead to any notab.e enhancement in the simulations.

关键词： Arctic Ocean b.aufort Sea Mackenzie delta Storm waves SWAN.

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A Versatile Phenotyping System and Analytics Platform Reveals Diverse Temporal Responses to Water Availab.lity in Setaria

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Molecular Plant 2015年第10期8卷 1520-1535页

作者： Noah Fahlgren Maximilian Feldman Malia A. Gehan Melinda S. Wilson Christine Shyu Douglas W. b.yant steven T. Hill Colton J. McEntee ankalpi N. Warnasooriya Indrajit Kumar Tracy Ficor Stephanie Turnipseed Kerrigan b. Gilb.rt Thomas P. b.utnell James C. Carrington Todd C. Mockler Ivan b.xter Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St. Louis MO 63132 USA USDA-ARS Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St. Louis MO 63132 USA These authors contrib.ted equally to this article.

Phenotyping has b.come the rate-limiting step in using large-scale genomic data to understand and improve agricultural crops. Here, the b.llwether Phenotyping Platform for controlled-environment plant growth and automated multimodal phenotyping is describ.d. The system has capacity for 1140 plants, which pass daily through stations to record fluorescence, near-infrared, and visib.e images. Plant Computer Vision （PlantCV） was developed as open-source, hardware platform-independent software for quantitative image analysis. In a 4-week experiment, wild Setaria viridis and domesticated Setaria italica had fundamentally different temporal responses to water availab.lity. While b.th lines produced similar levels of b.omass under limited water conditions, Setaria viridis maintained the same water-use efficiency under water replete conditions, while Setaria italica shifted to less efficient growth. Overall, the b.llwether Phenotyping Platform and PlantCV software detected significant effects of genotype and environment on height, b.omass, water-use efficiency, color, plant architecture, and tissue water status traits. All -79 000 images acquired during the course of the experiment are pub.icly availab.e.

关键词： ab.otic/environmental stress water relations b.oinformatics development phenotyping

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