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Biomonitoring for traditional herbal medicinal products using DNA metabarcoding and single molecule, real-time sequencing

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第3期8卷 488-497页

作者： Tianyi Xin Zhichao Xu Jing Jia Christine Leon Songnian Hu Yulin Lin Subramanyam Ragupathy Jingyuan Song steven g.Newmaster Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Royal Botanic gardens Beijing Institute of genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences NHP Research Alliance Biodiversity Institute of Ontario (BIO) University of Guelph

global concerns have been paid to the potential hazard of traditional herbal medicinal products(THMPs). Substandard and counterfeit THMPs, including traditional Chinese patent medicine, health foods, dietary supplements, etc. are potential threats to public health. Recent marketplace studies using DNA barcoding have determined that the current quality control methods are not sufficient for ensuring the presence of authentic herbal ingredients and detection of contaminants/adulterants. An efficient biomonitoring method for THMPs is of great needed. Herein, metabarcoding and single-molecule, realtime(SMRT) sequencing were used to detect the multiple ingredients in Jiuwei Qianghuo Wan(JWQHW), a classical herbal prescription widely used in China for the last 800 years. Reference experimental mixtures and commercial JWQHW products from the marketplace were used to confirm the method. Successful SMRT sequencing results recovered 5416 and 4342 circular-consensus sequencing(CCS) reads belonging to the ITS2 and psb A-trn H regions. The results suggest that with the combination of metabarcoding and SMRT sequencing, it is repeatable, reliable, and sensitive enough to detect species in the THMPs, and the error in SMRT sequencing did not affect the ability to identify multiple prescribed species and several adulterants/contaminants. It has the potential for becoming a valuable tool for the biomonitoring of multi-ingredient THMPs.

关键词： Traditional herbal medic inal products(THMP) Species mixture Authentication DNA metabarcoding Single molecule real-time(SMRT) sequencing Circular-consensus sequencing(CCS)

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A probable tyrannosaurid track from the Upper Cretaceous of southern China

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Science Bulletin 2019年第16期64卷 1136-1139页

作者： Lida Xing Kecheng Niu Martin g.Lockley Hendrik Klein Anthony Romilio W.scott Persons IV Stephen L.Brusatte State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Yingliang Stone Nature History Museum Nan’an 362300China Dinosaur Trackers Research group University of ColoradoDenver 80217USA Saurierwelt Palaontologisches Museum Neumarkt D-92318Germany School of Biological Sciences the University of QueenslandQueensland 4072Australia Mace Brown Museum of Natural History Department of Geology and Environmental GeosciencesCollege of CharlestonCharleston 29401USA School of geoSciences Grant InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH9 3FEUK

A large number of Upper Cretaceous(Maastrichtian)dinosaur skeletal fossils have been found in the Nanxiong Basin and adjacent ganzhou area,including those of theropods,sauropods and ***,known dinosaur ichnoassemblages from the Nanxiong Basin partly indicate a different fauna,with dominating large-and medium-sized ornithopods,theropods,and pterosaurs(1,2)This is one of many known examples where trace and body fossil assemblages from the same formation or geologically discrete region show a different *** and paleobiogeographical analyses therefore should consider data from both,before any conclusions can be *** can be classified according to the relative degree of similarity or congruity(or difference/incongruity)between trace and body fossils into the 5 categories proposed by Lockley[3].

关键词： tyrannosaurid track Upper Cretaceous southern China

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glutamine-released ammonia acts as an unprecedented signaling molecule activating lipid production

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genes & Diseases 2023年第2期10卷 307-309页

作者： Chunming Cheng scott Kelsey Deliang guo Department of Radiation Oncology Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer CenterArthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Instituteand College of Medicine at The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Center for Cancer Metabolism James Comprehensive Cancer Center at The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

In healthy humans, ammonia circulates in the bloodstream at a concentration around 11–32 μmol/L. Whether ammonia plays any physiological role has been unknown until a recent report published in Nature Metabolism.1 Ammonia, long thought to be a toxic waste product of amino acid metabolism, needs to be excreted from the human body as urea. Intriguingly, in this paper, Cheng et al1 for the first time reported that ammonia is not a waste product;rather, it is an unprecedented signaling molecule tying glucose and glutamine to lipid production in human cells. This study revealed that ammonia released from glutamine triggers a cascade of cellular processes leading to the activation of lipogenesis machinery for lipid production (Fig. 1). This discovery has major implications for developing treatments for human diseases such as cancers and metabolic syndromes, as dysregulated metabolism is a hallmark of these diseases.

关键词： ammonia metabolism Ammonia

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Smith, Currie and Hancock's Common Sense Construction Law: A Practical guide for the Construction Professional 4th

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2009年

作者： Thomas J. Kelleher Jr. g. scott Walters

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Long-term antifibrotic action of interferon-γ treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第2期10卷 151-157页

作者： Peter R Mertens steven Dooley Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Otto-von-Guericke-University First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Molecular Hepatology-Alcohol Dependent Diseases II. Medical Clinic Faculty of Medicine at MannheimUniversity of Heidelberg

BACKgROUND:The first priority in treating fibrosis is to eliminate the causes that result in liver injury,e.g.,hepatitis B and C ***,in many liver diseases the cause is either unknown or *** present study was designed to investigate the long-term antifibrotic effect of interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)treatment in patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. METHODS:A total of 42 patients,30 treated with IFN-γand 12 controls,were enrolled from an original clinical trial(Clin gastroenterol Hepatol 2005;3:819.).Three serial liver biopsies that were obtained at the initiation and end of IFN-γtreatment as well as 4 to 6 years after treatment discontinuation were assessed according to the modified Chevallier scoring system. RESULTS:Twenty-five out of 30 IFN-γ-treated patients were followed up until 4 to 6 years after the treatment was stopped. However,all controls were excluded from follow-up due to death,loss and elevated virus level within 2 ***-five IFN-γ-treated patients had stable serum liver function and liver fibrosis indices without any further antiviral or anti-fibrotic *** inflammatory and fibrotic scores were found after nine months of IFN-γtreatment according to the modified Chevallier scoring system(inflammation:11.8±6.5 at the beginning of IFN-γtreatment vs.9.2±4.1 after 9 months, Pg them,14 patients accepted a third serial liver biopsy 4 to 6 years after treatment discontinuation,and the fibrotic score was increased(14.2±8.3 vs.11.9±7.6 after 9 months, Pgnificantly improves the fibrosis score in patients with chronic HBV *** majority of patients demonstrate stable serum biochemical indices and quality of ***,they do not show a long-term benefit according to histological criteria. given the limited sample size,long-term IFN-γtreatment regimens should be assessed in further

关键词： hepatic stellate cells hepatitis B virus liver fibrosis inflammation interferon-gamma

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High-energy sodium-ion hybrid capacitors through nanograin-boundary-induced pseudocapacitance of Co_(3)O_(4) nanorods

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第6期31卷 338-346,I0009页

作者： Wenliang Feng Venkata Sai Avvaru steven JHinder Vinodkumar Etacheri IMDEA Materials Institute C/Eric Kandel 2GetafeMadrid 28906Spain Universidad Politécnica de Madrid E.T.S.de Ingenieros de Caminos28040 MadridSpain Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente728049 MadridSpain Surface Analysis Laboratory Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Surrey GuildfordSurrey GU27XHUnited Kingdom

Sodium-ion hybrid capacitors (SICs) have been proposed to bridge performance gaps between batteries and supercapacitors,and thus realize both high energy density and power density in a single ***,applications of SICs are severely restricted by their insufficient energy densities (g) resulted from the kinetics imbalance between cathodes and ***,we report a nanograin-boundary-rich hierarchical Co_(3)O_(4) nanorod anode composed of~20 nm *** pseudocapacitance (up to 72%@1.0 mV/s) is achieved through nanograin-boundary-induced pseudocapacitive-type Na^(+) storage ***_(3)O_(4) nanorod anode delivers in this case highly reversible capacity (810 mAh/g@0.025 A/g),excellent rate capability (335 mAh/g@5.0 A/g),and improved cycle stability (100 cycles@1.0 A/g with negligible capacity degradation).The outstanding performance can be credited to the hierarchical morphology of Co_(3)O_(4) nanorods and the well-designed nanograinboundaries between nanocrystallites that avoid particle agglomeration,induce pseudocapacitive-type Na^(+) storage,and accommodate volume variation during sodiation-desodiation *** of the Co_(3)O_(4) nanorods not only generates defects for extra surficial Na^(+) storage but also increases the electronic conductivity for efficient charge separation and lowers energy barrier for Na^(+) *** of conventional reaction mechanism and pseudocapacitive-type Na^(+) storage enables high specific capacity,rapid Na^(+) diffusion,and improved structural stability of the Co_(3)O_(4) nanorod *** SIC integrating this highly pseudocapacitive anode and activated carbon cathode delivers exceptional energy density (175 Wh/kg@40 W/kg),power density (6632 W/kg@37 Wh/kg),cycle life (6000 cycles@1.0 A/g with a capacity retention of 81%),and coulombic efficiency (~100%).

关键词： Sodium-ion hybrid capacitor Cobalt oxide nanorod Nanograin-boundary Pseudocapacitance

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非点源污染模型在土壤侵蚀模拟中的应用及发展动态

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北京林业大学学报 2001年第2期23卷 78-84页

作者：牛志明解明曙孙阁 steven g. 北京林业大学水土保持学院 SouthernglobalChangeProgram USDAForestService

近年来 ,随着计算机和地理信息技术的不断发展 ,非点源污染模型在土壤侵蚀研究中得到了广泛的应用 .该文通过对不同模型的背景、功能、应用范围以及优缺点的分析 ,对国外较为常用的 8个土壤侵蚀模型进行了全面综述 .这些模型包括用于预... 详细信息

近年来 ,随着计算机和地理信息技术的不断发展 ,非点源污染模型在土壤侵蚀研究中得到了广泛的应用 .该文通过对不同模型的背景、功能、应用范围以及优缺点的分析 ,对国外较为常用的 8个土壤侵蚀模型进行了全面综述 .这些模型包括用于预测预报的RUSLE ,WEPP和EPIC ,用于流域水文过程模拟的SHE ,CREAMS和ANSWERS等 ,还有用于流域管理措施评价的AgNPS和SWAT等 .通过对不同模型应用现状的分析 ,提出了土壤侵蚀模拟模型在BMPs评价。

关键词：土壤侵蚀非点源污染模型预测预报模型水文过程模拟流域管理措施评价模型

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Pharmaceutical salts: Theory, use in solid dosage forms and in situ preparation in an aerosol

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016年第6期11卷 722-734页

作者： Timothy scott Wiedmanna Amir Naqwib Department of Pharmaceutics University of Minnesota308 Harvard St SEMinneapolisMN 55455USA MSP Corporation ShoreviewMN 55126USA

In this article, the theoretical foundation for salts is given with an emphasis on the amount of drug in solution. Consideration is given for the solubility of the non-ionized form, acid dissociation constant and solubility product, which are the limiting constraints. For dissolution of nonionized drugs, the surface pH differs from the bulk pH, giving rise to a lower than expected rate. For salts, theoretical considerations are relatively complex, and an experimental approach to estimating the surface pH is more likely to be of value in predicting the dissolution rate. general guidelines are described for screening, preparing and characterizing drugs as salts, which critically depend on the goal of the product ***, our work involving the preparation of salts as a means to generate aerosols from a solution is provided. The solubility of six structurally related compounds was determined in four acids. Thereafter, the amount of the compound in solution was determined as a function of pH, using the acid that provided the highest solubility. Because the pH required to achieve the needed concentration for aerosol generation was low, ammonia vapor was introduced into the air stream to neutralize aerosol droplets. Solvent was then removed from the aerosol by a silica column. The resulting aerosol had a concentration of 96 μg/l and a mass median particle size of 1.8 μm. The reported pharmacokinetic study substantiated the feasibility of evaluating its safety and efficacy of inhalation administration in the rat model.

关键词： Solubility Salt Aerosol Inhalation Solubility product

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Lower Cretaceous sauropod trackways from Lishui City and an overview of dinosaur dominated track assemblages from Zhejiang Province, China

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2018年第4期7卷 326-336页

作者： Li-Da Xing Chun-Yong Chou Martin g.Lockley Anthony Romilio Hendrik Klein Nan Li W. scott Persons IV state key laboratory of biogeology and environmental geology china university of geosciencesBeijing 100083China school of the earth sciences and resources china university of geosciencesBeijing 100083China state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy nanjing institute of geology and palaeontologychinese academy of sciencesnanjing 210008China dinosaur tracks museum university of colorado denverpo box 173364denverco 80217usa school of biological sciences the university of queenslandbrisbaneqld 4072australia saunerwelt palaontologisches museum alte richt 7d-92318 neumarktgermany department of biological sciences university of alberta11455 saskatchewan driveedmontonab t6g 2e9canada

A relatively small number of tetrapod tracksites from Zhejiang Province fills out the fossil record from that region,which is also known to have yielded both saurischian（titanosauriform, coelurosaur） and ornithischian（basal ornithopod, ankylosaurian） body fossils as well as dinosaurian eggs. We use photogrammetry and 3 D imaging to reinterpret the sauropod tracks from Lishui City, which revealed the existence of trackways. The track record from three documented sites in Zhejiang Province includes avian and non-avian theropod, sauropod, ornithopod and pterosaur tracks. Previous work showed that the purported new bird ichnospecies Dongyangornipes sinensis is a synonym of Uhangrichnus chuni, while we here consider Pteraichnus dongyangensis as a nomen dubium. Such ＂provincial ichnotaxonomy＂ may mask similarities in the ichnofauna across large regions. In fact, we show that the ichnofauna is similar to that found in the Early Cretaceous elsewhere in China.

关键词： Sauropod tracks Theropod tracks Bird tracks Pterosaur tracks Lishui Basin Zhejiang Province

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Dynamic, thermal, and vibrational analysis of ball bearings with over-skidding behavior

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Friction 2023年第4期11卷 580-601页

作者： Shuai gAO Qinkai HAN Paolo PENNACCHI steven CHATTERTON Fulei CHU Department of Mechanical Engineering Politecnico di MilanoVia G.La Masa 1Milan 20156Italy State Key Laboratory of Tribology Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The term“over-skidding”indicates that the cage rotational speed ratio exceeds the theoretical value as ball purely rolls on the *** from the skidding phenomenon that occurs in low-load and high-speed bearing,over-skidding usually occurs in large-size angular contact bearings,and it is still difficult to suppress under high load *** main forms of damage to the raceway by over-skidding are spinning and gyro *** further explore the vibration characteristics and thermal effects of this phenomenon,a set of over-skidding tests of an angular contact bearing with a bore diameter of 220 mm were conducted on an industrial-size test *** the experiment,the influence of axial load,rotational speed,and lubrication conditions on the occurrence of over-skidding were *** on a previous dynamics model,the heat generation and thermal network models were integrated in the present study to predict the over-skidding and its thermal *** model was validated in terms of the measured degree of over-skidding and temperature *** results showed that the degree of over-skidding reaches up to 12%of the theoretical value,and the friction power loss of the ball-pocket accounts for 30%of the total power *** analysis of the vibration signal showed a strong correlation between the bearing vibration characteristics and over-skidding behavior,thereby providing a way to indirectly measure the degree of over-skidding.

关键词： over-skidding vibration characteristics dynamic model power loss temperature rise

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