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Biochar increases soil microbial biomass with changes in extra-and intracellular enzyme activities:a global meta-analysis

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Biochar 2020年第1期2卷 65-79页

作者： Prem Pokharel Zilong Ma scott X.Chang Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta442 Earth Sciences BuildingEdmonton T6G 2E3Canada

Biochar application to soil has been proposed as a potential management strategy to enhance soil carbon(C)sequestration,reduce greenhouse gas emission,improve soil quality,and increase crop *** effects of biochar on soil microbial and enzyme activities are integrally linked to the potential of biochar in achieving these *** conducted a global meta-analysis to assess the effects of biochar on soil microbial biomass C and nitrogen(N)and the activities of 12 enzymes,and identify key factors affecting those soil microbial properties using 964 data points from 72 *** found that biochar effects on enzyme activities vary widely with soil type,biochar property and the type of enzyme *** significantly increased microbial biomass C(MBC)and urease,alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities by 21.7%,23.1%,25.4%and 19.8%,respectively,with no significant negative effects on any of the enzymes analyzed in this *** application was more effective in increasing MBC and enzyme activities in soils with low pH(g kg^(−1)),TN(g kg^(−1)),and a fine texture(including clay,clay loam and silt clay).Biochars produced at pyrolysis temperature of 350-550℃ with a high pH(>10)and low C/N ratio(genase *** increased MBC and N-acquisition enzyme activities in the field but not in lab incubation *** was increased in short-term studies(within 100 days of biochar application)while alkaline phosphatase was increased in long-term studies that span more than 1 *** increase in MBC and activities of some soil enzymes in response to biochar application with no negative effects on any hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes illustrate its potential to enhance soil quality particularly in the degraded soils with low nutrient availability and fertility due to limited soil microbial and enzymatic *** study also shows that biochars can be designed to achieve specif

关键词： Edaphic factor Nutrient mineralization Pyrolysis Soil health Soil management

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The new ichnotaxon Eubrontes nobitai ichnosp. nov. and other saurischian tracks from the Lower Cretaceous of Sichuan Province and a review of Chinese Eubrontes-type tracks

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2021年第3期10卷 302-320页

作者： Li-Da Xing Martin g.Lockley Hendrik Klein Li-Jun Zhang Anthony Romilio W.scott Persons IV guang-Zhao Peng Yong Ye Miao-Yan Wang State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Dinosaur Trackers Research group University of ColoradoDenver 80217USA Saurierwelt Paläontologisches Museum Alte Richt 7 D-92318 NeumarktGermany Institute of Resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Biogenic Traces and Sedimentary Minerals of Henan ProvinceCollaborative Innovation Center of Coalbed Methane and Shale Gas for Central Plains Economic RegionHenan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454003Henan ProvinceChina School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Mace Brown Museum of Natural History Department of Geology and Environmental GeosciencesCollege of CharlestonCharleston 29401USA Zigong Dinosaur Museum Zigong 643013Sichuan ProvinceChina

The Jiaguan Formation and the underlying Feitianshan Formation(Lower Cretaceous) in Sichuan Province yield multiple saurischian(theropod–sauropod) dominated ichnofaunas. To date, a moderate diversity of six theropod ichnogenera has been reported, but none of these have been identified at the ichnospecies level. Thus, many morphotypes have common "generic" labels such as grallator, Eubrontes, cf. Eubrontes or even "EubrontesMegalosauripus" morphotype. These morphotypes are generally more typical of the Jurassic, whereas other more distinctive theropod tracks(Minisauripus and Velociraptorichnus) are restricted to the Cretaceous. The new ichnospecies Eubrontes nobitai ichnosp nov. is distinguished from Jurassic morphotypes based on a very wellpreserved trackway and represents the first-named Eubrontes ichnospecies from the Cretaceous of Asia.

关键词： Ichnofossils Dinosaur footprints Theropod Myths

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Hot Ductility Behavior and Slab Crack Performance of Microalloyed Steels During Continuous Casting

Hot Ductility Behavior and Slab Crack Performance of Microal...

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“第十届中国钢铁年会”暨“第六届宝钢学术年会”

作者： JANSTO steven g. Technical & Market Development Department CBMM North AmericaInc.

This research shows that high carbon equivalent microalloyed steels which exhibit inherently lower hot ductility,through the hot tensile test as measured by percent reduction in area(%RA),still exhibit sufficient ductility to satisfactorily meet the unbending stress and strain gradients existing in the straightening section of most industrial *** results indicate only 10%

关键词： continuous casting equiaxed-columnar grain transition zone hot ductility

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Phenotypic plasticity in prostate cancer： role of ntrinsically disordered proteins

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第5期18卷 704-710页

作者： steven M Mooney Mohit Kumar Jolly Herbert Levine Prakash Kulkarni Department of Biology University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Center for Theoretical Biological Physics Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Department of Bioengineering Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research University of Maryland Rockville Maryland 20850 USA

A striking characteristic of cancer ceLls is their remarkable phenotypic plasticity, which is the ability to switch states or phenotypes in response to environmental fluctuations. Phenotypic changes such as a partial or complete epithelial to mesenchymal transition （EMT） that play important roles in their survival and proliferation, and development of resistance to therapeutic treatments, are widely believed to arise due to somatic mutations in the genome. However, there is a growing concern that such a deterministic view is not entirely consistent with multiple lines of evidence, which indicate that stochasticity may also play an important role in driving phenotypic plasticity. Here, we discuss how stochasticity in protein interaction networks （PINs） may play a key role in determining phenotypic plasticity in prostate cancer （PCa）. Specifically, we point out that the key players driving transitions among different phenotypes （epithelial, mesenchymal, and hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal）, including ZEB1, SNAIl, OVOL1, and OVOL2, are intrinsically disordered proteins （IDPs） and discuss how plasticity at the molecular level may contribute to stochasticity in phenotypic switching by rewiring PINs. We conclude by suggesting that targeting iDPs implicated in EMT in PCa may be a new strategy to gain additional insights and develop novel treatments for this disease, which is the most common form of cancer in adult men.

关键词： epithelial to mesenchymal transition intrinsically disordered proteins prostate cancer state-switching

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Late Triassic sauropodomorph and Middle Jurassic theropod tracks from the Xichang Basin,Sichuan Province,southwestern China:First report of the ichnogenus Carmelopodus

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2018年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Li-Da Xing Jin Ba Martin g.Lockley Hendrik Klein 5heng-Wu Yon Anthony Romilio Chun-Yong Chou Vtl.scott Persons IV State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina Sichuan Institute of geological Survey Chengdu 610081Sichuan ProvinceChina Dinosaur Trackers Research group University of Colorado DenverPO Box 173364DenverCO 80217USA Saurierwelt Palaontologisches Museum AlteRicht 7D-92318NeumarktGermany School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta116St &85AveEdmonton AB T6G 2R3Alberta Canada

Upper Triassic and Middle Jurassic strata of the Xichang Basin in Sichuan Province, southwestern China, yielded important dinosaur ichnofossils. From the Xujiahe Formation of the Yiguojiao tracksite, we report a Late Triassic footprint assemblage in China and the first discovery of diagnostic Triassic sauropodomorph tracks in this region. The tracks share a number of features in common with the ichnogenera Eosauropus(Late Triassic) and Liujianpus(Early Jurassic). The neighboring Bingtu tracksite is stratigraphically younger(Shaximiao Formation, Middle Jurassic) and preserves small tridactyl theropod tracks that represent the first occurrence of the ichnotaxon Carmelopodus in China and Asia. While these tracks are morphologically comparable to those from the Middle Jurassic type locality in North America, the specimens from China show the proximal margin of the digit IV impression in a more cranial position, which may indicate a trackmaker with a relatively short metatarsal IV. In addition to the skeletal record, the Carmelopodus footprints document the presence of small theropods in the dinosaur fauna of the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation.

关键词： Sauropodomorph Theropod Footprint Ichnofossil Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation Xichang Basin Sichuan Province

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Building durable climate clubs:Lessons from a comparative study of the APP and CEM

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2021年第2期19卷 117-124页

作者： Bowen Yu steven Bernstein Matthew Hoffmann School of International Relations and Public Affairs Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China Department of Political Science the University of TorontoTorontoM5S 3G3Canada

Climate clubs are valuable platforms for international and public-private collaboration in global climate governance;however,not all climate clubs enjoy durable support from their *** existing literature attributes the varied fates of climate clubs to factors like legitimacy and club *** further argue that the norm-making function of clubs,the perceived value of club goods,and the costs of club good production collectively affect club *** present a comparative study on two U.S.-initiated climate clubs-the Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate(APP)and the Clean Energy Ministerial(CEM).While legitimacy concerns had some marginal influence on both clubs,the niche clubs occupy and the costs of club goods provision were crucial factors that influenced the two clubs’different *** APP’s failure was due to its focus on norm-making and providing information-oriented assistance to the private *** government interest in norm-making declined,the APP’s value declined ***,assistance to private sector actors was costly and less attractive to *** comparison,the CEM found its niche by focusing on facilitating policymaking in the clean energy sector in a cost-efficient *** make clubs durable,constructing an action-oriented working environment and providing value-added and low-cost services to key stakeholders are of great importance.

关键词： Climate club Legitimacy Club goods APP CEM

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Developmental Biology 7th ed.

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2003年

作者： scott F. gilbert

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Uncertainty analysis of hydrological modeling in a tropicalarea using different algorithms

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2018年第4期12卷 661-671页

作者： Ammar RAFIEI EMAM Martin KAPPAS steven FASSNACHT Nguyen Hoang Khanh LINH Department of Cartography GIS and Remote SensingUniversity of Goettingen37077GoettingenGermany Colorado State University Fort CollinsCO 80523-1476USA Faculty of Land Resources and Agricultural Environment (FLRAE) Flue University of Agriculture and Forestry (F1UAF)Hue UniversityHue City 0084Vietnam

Hydrological modeling outputs are subject to uncertainty resulting from different sources of errors (e.g., error in input data, model structure, and model parameters), making quantification of uncertainty in hydrological modeling imperative and meant to improve reliability of modeling results. The uncertainty analysis must solve difficulties in calibration of hydrological models, which further increase in areas with data scarcity. The purpose of this study is to apply four uncertainty analysis algorithms to a semi-distributed hydrological model, quantifying different source of uncertainties (especially parameter uncertainty) and evaluate their performance. In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT) eco-hydrological model was implemented for the watershed in the center of Vietnam. The sensitivity of parameters was analyzed, and the model was calibrated. The uncertainty analysis for the hydrological model was conducted based on four algorithms: generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (gLUE), Sequential Uncertainty Fitting (SUFI), Parameter Solution method (ParaSol) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The performance of the algorithms was compared using P-factor and Rfactor, coefficient of determination (R2), the Nash Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (NSE) and Percent Bias (PBIAS). The results showed the high performance of SUFI and PSO with P-factor>0.83, R-factor gt;0.91, NSE>0.89, and 0.18ggest to use SUFI-2 initially to set the parameter ranges, and further use PSO for final analysis. Indeed, the uncertainty analysis must be accounted when the outcomes of the model use for policy or management decisions.

关键词： SWAT-CUP gLUE SUFI2 ParaSol PSO Vietnam

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NASA ER-2飞机的气象测量系统

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气象科技 1991年第1期19卷 83-93页

作者： Stan g.scott 孙阳

设计并在NASA的一架ER-2高空飞机上安装了一套气象测量系统(MMS)。MMS提供自由流气压(±0.3 hPa)、温度(±0.3℃)和风矢量(±1m^(-1))的现场测量结果。它包括一个专为科学应用设计的高分辨率惯性导航系统(INS)、一个用于测量气流角的整... 详细信息

设计并在NASA的一架ER-2高空飞机上安装了一套气象测量系统(MMS)。MMS提供自由流气压(±0.3 hPa)、温度(±0.3℃)和风矢量(±1m^(-1))的现场测量结果。它包括一个专为科学应用设计的高分辨率惯性导航系统(INS)、一个用于测量气流角的整流罩压差系统和一个用于采样、处理和在磁带和磁盘上存储45种变量的计算机控制的小型数据获取系统。描述了MMS的硬件和软件,讨论了仪器的分辨率和准确度。定制的软件方便了飞行前的系统检查、飞行中的数据获取和飞行后的快速数据卸载。它适应各种形式的MMS数据:模拟和数字数据、串行和并行数据,以及同步和非同步数据。

关键词：测量系统 NASA ER-2 数据获取系统并行数据计算机控制 Rosemount 真空速高分辨率惯性导航系统传感器安装

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Prevention and Detection of Laboratory Error:Where we are now and where we want to be

Prevention and Detection of Laboratory Error:Where we are no...

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第三届全国临床检验实验室管理学术会议

作者： Mitchell g.scott Division of Laboratory Medicine Washington University School of Medicine Ph.D. Professor

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