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High-energy sodium-ion hybrid capacitors through nanograin-boundary-induced pseudocapacitance of Co_(3)O_(4) nanorods

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第6期31卷 338-346,I0009页

作者： Wenliang Feng Venkata Sai Avvaru steven jhinder Vinodkumar Etacheri IMDEA Materials Institute C/Eric Kandel 2GetafeMadrid 28906Spain Universidad Politécnica de Madrid E.T.S.de Ingenieros de Caminos28040 MadridSpain Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente728049 MadridSpain Surface Analysis Laboratory Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Surrey GuildfordSurrey GU27XHUnited Kingdom

Sodium-ion hybrid capacitors (SICs) have been proposed to bridge performance gaps between batteries and supercapacitors,and thus realize both high energy density and power density in a single ***,applications of SICs are severely restricted by their insufficient energy densities (<100Wh/kg) resulted from the kinetics imbalance between cathodes and ***,we report a nanograin-boundary-rich hierarchical Co_(3)O_(4) nanorod anode composed of~20 nm *** pseudocapacitance (up to 72%@1.0 mV/s) is achieved through nanograin-boundary-induced pseudocapacitive-type Na^(+) storage ***_(3)O_(4) nanorod anode delivers in this case highly reversible capacity (810 mAh/g@0.025 A/g),excellent rate capability (335 mAh/g@5.0 A/g),and improved cycle stability (100 cycles@1.0 A/g with negligible capacity degradation).The outstanding performance can be credited to the hierarchical morphology of Co_(3)O_(4) nanorods and the well-designed nanograinboundaries between nanocrystallites that avoid particle agglomeration,induce pseudocapacitive-type Na^(+) storage,and accommodate volume variation during sodiation-desodiation *** of the Co_(3)O_(4) nanorods not only generates defects for extra surficial Na^(+) storage but also increases the electronic conductivity for efficient charge separation and lowers energy barrier for Na^(+) *** of conventional reaction mechanism and pseudocapacitive-type Na^(+) storage enables high specific capacity,rapid Na^(+) diffusion,and improved structural stability of the Co_(3)O_(4) nanorod *** SIC integrating this highly pseudocapacitive anode and activated carbon cathode delivers exceptional energy density (175 Wh/kg@40 W/kg),power density (6632 W/kg@37 Wh/kg),cycle life (6000 cycles@1.0 A/g with a capacity retention of 81%),and coulombic efficiency (~100%).

关键词： Sodium-ion hybrid capacitor Cobalt oxide nanorod Nanograin-boundary Pseudocapacitance

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