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Physiological evaluation of nitrogen use efficiency of different apple cultivars under various nitrogen and water supply conditions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第3期19卷 709-720页

作者： WANG Qian LIU Chang-hai HUANG Dong DONG Qing-long LI Peng-min steve van NOCKER MA Feng-wang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA

Nitrogen(N) deficiency is a common problem for apple(Malus×domestica) production in arid regions of ***,N utilization efficiency(NUE) of different apple cultivars grown under low N conditions in arid regions has not been *** this study,NUE was assessed for one-year-old seedlings of six apple cultivars,Golden Delicious,Qinguan,Jonagold,Honeycrisp,Fuji and Pink Lady,grafted onto Malus hupehensis *** treatments were used,including control water with control N(CWCN),limited water with control N(LWCN),control water with low N(CWLN) and limited water with low N(LWLN).Our results showed that growth indices such as biomass,plant height and stem diameter,and photosynthetic rate of all cultivars decreased in the order CWCN>CWLN>LWCN>*** subjected to LWLN treatment,Qinguan showed better growth and photosynthetic characters than other tested ***,Qinguan and Pink Lady had higher NUE,while Honeycrisp and Jonagold had lower NUE,based on the determination of biomass,photosynthetic parameters,chlorophyll content,the maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII(Fv/Fm),15 N and N contents.

关键词： apple drought N deficiency physiological indices 15N-labeling NUE

A Subjective Risk Analysis Approach of Container Supply Chains

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2005年第1期2卷 85-92页

作者： steve Bonsall School of Engineering Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 3AF UK

After the 9/11 terrorism attacks, the lock-out of the American West Ports in 2002 and the breakout of SARS disease in 2003 have further focused mind of both the public and industrialists to take effective and timely measures for assessing and controlling the risks related to container supply chains (CSCs). However, due to the complexity of the risks in the chains, conventional quantitative risk assessment (QRA) methods may not be capable of providing sufficient safety management information, as achieving such a functionality requires enabling the possibility of conducting risk analysis in view of the challenges and uncertainties posed by the unavailability and incompleteness of historical failure data. Combing the fuzzy set theory (FST) and an evidential reasoning (ER) approach, the paper presents a subjective method to deal with the vulnerability-based risks, which are more ubiquitous and uncertain than the traditional hazard-based ones in the chains.

关键词： Container supply chains risk assessment evidential reasoning fuzzy sets vulnerability

Pulse gas alignment and AFM manipulation of single-wall carbon nanotube

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第22期53卷 3590-3596页

作者： TUNG steve State Key Laboratory.of Robotics Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences

In the fabrication process of nanoelectronic device arrays based on single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT), oriented alignment of SWCNTs and property modification of metallic SWCNTs in the array are the key problems to be solved. Pulse gas alignment with substrate downward tilt is proposed to realize the controllable alignment of SWCNTs. Experimental results demonstrate that 84% SWCNTs are aligned in -15°―15° angular to the pulse gas direction. A modified nanomanipulation technology based on atomic force microscope (AFM) is utilized to perform various kinds of SWCNT manipulation, such as SWCNT separation from the "Y" CNT, catalyst removal from the SWCNT end, continual nano buckles fabrication on SWCNT and even stretching to break, which provides a feasible way to modify the size, shape and the electrical property of SWCNTs.

关键词： SWCNT 碳纳米管显微镜 AFM

Control of ovule development in Vitis vinifera by VvMADS28 and interacting genes

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Horticulture Research 2023年第6期10卷 43-55页

作者： Songlin Zhang Li Wang Jin Yao Na Wu Bilal Ahmad steve van Nocker Jiuyun Wu Riziwangguli Abudureheman Zhi Li Xiping Wang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China College of Horticulture Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China Agriculture Genomics Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48823USA Turpan Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesTurpan 838000XinjiangChina

Seedless grapes are increasingly popular throughout the world,and the development of seedless varieties is a major breeding *** this study,we demonstrate an essential role for the grapevine MADS-box gene VvMADS28 in morphogenesis of the *** found that VvMADS28 mRNA accumulated in the ovules of a seeded cultivar,‘Red Globe’,throughout the course of ovule and seed development,especially within the integument/seed *** contrast,in the seedless cultivar‘Thompson Seedless’,VvMADS28 was expressed only weakly in ovules,and this was associated with increased levels of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation(H3K27me3)within the VvMADS28 promoter ***-mediated transient suppression of VvMADS28 expression in‘Red Globe’led to reduced seed size associated with inhibition of episperm and endosperm cell *** overexpression of VvMADS28 in transgenic tomatoes interfered with sepal development and resulted in smaller fruit but did not obviously affect seed *** in yeast cells showed that VvMADS28 is subject to regulation by the transcription factor VvERF98,and that VvMADS28 could interact with the Type I/MβMADS-domain protein ***,through DNA-affinity purification-sequencing(DAP-seq),we found that VvMADS28 protein specifically binds to the promoter of the grapevine WUSCHEL(VvWUS)gene,suggesting that maintenance of the VvMADS28–VvMADS5 dimer and VvWUS expression homeostasis influences seed *** together,our results provide insight into regulatory mechanisms of ovule and seed development associated with VvMADS28.

关键词： Vitis homeostasis breeding

Nickel-catalyzed enantioselective reductive amination of benzylic ketones in alcohols

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2566-2570页

作者： Xiuhua Wang Jianrong steve Zhou State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics School of Chemical Biology and BiotechnologyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China

Asymmetric reductive amination directly converts ketones and amines to alkylamines, which are important motifs in *** report that cationic nickel complexes of chiral diphosphines promote enantioselective reductive amination of benzylic ketones with both arylamines and benzhydrazide. Isopropanol was used as a safe and cheap source of hydrogen instead of formic acid. The reaction can be readily applied to a concise synthesis of diarylethylamines, a class of neuroactive substances.

关键词： transfer hydrogenation nickel catalysis chiral alkylamine reductive amination synthetic method

Nutritional quality, functional property and acceptability of maize (Zea mays) based complementary foods enriched with defatted groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) and ginger (Zinger officinale Roscoe) powder in Wistar rats

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 144-161页

作者： Oluwole steve Ijarotimi Department of Food Science and Technology Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria

Traditional complementary foods in Africa are cereal-based, low in nutrient-density;hence, causing severe-acute-malnutrition. This study was aimed to formulate and evaluate nutritional quality of complementary foods (CF) using locally available food materials. Yellow maize (raw, germinated & fermented), defatted groundnut (DGF) and ginger flour (GGF) were blended to obtain RDG (76.7% raw yellow maize, 20.8% DGF and 2.5% GGF), GDG (74.4% germinated yellow maize, 23.1% DGF, 2.5% GGF), and FDG (72.6% fermented yellow maize, 24.9% DGF, 2.5% GGF). Food samples were evaluated for nutritional qualities and sensory attributes using standard methods. Protein (g/100 g), energy value (kCal/100 g), total amino acids and essential amino acids (g/100 g protein) of formulated CF ranged from 19.38 to 28.58, 373.49 to 394.53, 87.33 to 91.89 and 36.17 to 37.63, respectively, and were comparable to control (17.07, 401.22, 94.47 & 35.35). Minerals were present in appreciable amount in the foods, while phytate/mineral (Ca, Fe, Zn) and oxalate/calcium molar ratios were lower than critical levels. Bulk density (1.4 - 1.6 g/mL), least gelation (4 - 6%), water absorption capacity (10.5 - 15.8%) and swelling capacity (0.5 - 1.2%) were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in formulated CF than in control, except for bulk density. Biological value (78.44%) of FDG was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than GDG (78.4%) and RDG (75.87%), respectively, but lower than control (93.48%). Pack cell volume (22.50%), haemoglobin concentration (7.5 g/dL), red blood cell (3 × 103 mm− 3), albumin (3.72 g/dL), total blood protein (5.62 g/dL) and globulin (1.9 g/dL) of rats fed on FDG were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than other diets, but comparable to that of control. Kidney (urea, 10.16 mg/dL;creatinine, 4.8 mg/dL) and liver function index (AST/ALT ratio, 0.38) of rats fed on FDG were lower than in those rats fed on RDG, GDG and control. For sensorial attributes, RDG was ranked best next by FDG in appearance,

关键词： Infant diets Protein-energy-density complementary foods Indigenous food materials Home-based processing methods

Catalytic enantioselective domino alkenylation-alkynylation of alkenes: stereoselective synthesis of 5–7 membered azacycles and carbocycles

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第6期66卷 1701-1706页

作者： Zhaoming Ma Lantian Sun Jianrong steve Zhou State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsSchool of Chemical Biology and BiotechnologyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina

Enantioselective domino alkenylation-alkynylation of olefins is achieved for the first time,using terminal alkynes directly as *** new reaction enables facile construction of azacycles carrying quaternary stereocenters,including 5–7 membered pyrrolidines,piperidines and ***,alkynyl groups in azacyclic products provide a useful handle for derivatization that formed both fused and bridged azabicycles.

关键词： membered cycles synthesis

Effects of Trajectory Wind Direction on Ion Concentration of PM_(10)

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2006年第4期19卷 262-267页

作者： XIAO-ZHEN LIU steve SMITH Department of Environmental Engineering College of Environment and Chemical Engineering Nanchang Institute of Aeronautic Technology 173 Shanghai Road Nanchang 330034 Jiangxi China Division of Life Sciences Kings College London Franklin-Wilkins Building 150 Stamford Street London SE1 9NN UK

Objective To study the characterization apportionment of main ion concentrations of PM10 under the influence of trajectory wind direction in London. Methods PM10 samples from 1 May 1995 to 30 October 1995 of Oxford Street of Central London were collected, the metals and anions of which were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry （AAS） and ion chromatography （IC）. Composite trajectories representative of the air mass arriving in London at the same period were calculated based on basic routine back trajectories from the British Atmospheric Data Centre （BADC）. Results Concentration apportionments of main ions were similar when the trajectory was plotted back at 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h, some were obviously different. Mg, Ba, Pb, and Cu had similar peak apportionments at the area 180°-320°, but Zn and Ni at the area of 90°-270°, NO3^- and SO4^2- at the area of 100°-220°. Cl^- concentration peak apportionment was at the area of 220°-300°, which showed that Cl^- mainly came from the North Sea. Conclusion Trajectory wind direction has important effect on ion concentration apportionment of PM10 in London. The ions have similar concentration peak apportionments or their correlation coefficients are statistically significant.

关键词： Ion concentration PM10 Trajectory wind direction

Gene cloning and expression analyses of WBC genes in the developing grapevine seeds

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第6期17卷 1348-1359页

作者： TANG Yu-jin WANG Qian XUE Jing-yi LI Yan LI Rui-min steve van Nocker WANG Yue-jin ZHANG Chao-hong Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region) Ministry of Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F University College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F University Department of Horticulture Michigan State University

White-brown complex （WBC） transporters, also called half-size ATP binding cassette G （ABCG） transporters, are involved in many biological processes, including seed development; however, the WBC transporters in grapevines received less attention to date. To reveal the molecular characteristics of WBCs and the connection between WBCs and agronomic traits of stenospermocarpic （seedless） grapevine, we carried out a genomic census and analysis of ovule-associated expression for VvWBC genes in grapevine. We identified 30 VvWBC genes and cloned full-length complementary DNAs （cDNAs） for 20 of these. The tissue or organ-specific expression analysis showed that several VvWBCs exhibited distinct expression patterns with some showing tissue specificity. Twelve VvWBC genes were found to be expressed in the developing ovules. Moreover, the results of quantitative real-time PCR （qRT-PCR） suggested that four of twelve ovule-expressed VvWBCs have distinct expression profiles during the development of ovules between seeded and stenospermocarpic grapevines. These four genes might be involved in ovule abortion. Meanwhile, chromosome mapping, multiple sequence alignments, exon/intron structure analyses and synteny analyses were preformed on VvWBC genes. Our experiments provide a new perspective on the mechanism of stenospermocarpic seedlessness and put forward a framework for further study of WBC transporters.

关键词： Vitis vinifera stenospermocarpy VvWBCs half-size VvABCGs gene cloning expression analysis