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大陆俯冲板片的持续断离正在终结喜马拉雅造山作用

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Science Bulletin 2023年第23期68卷 3048-3054,M0006页

作者：梁晓峰褚杨万博陈凌陈林 Eric Sandvol stephen p.grand 李仪兵王敏玲田小波陈赟徐涛李杨纪伟强 State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100029China CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou 510640China Department of Geological Sciences University of MissouriColumbia MO 65211USA Department of Geological Sciences University of Texas at AustinAustin TX 78712USA College of Earth Sciences Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China

俯冲的大陆岩石圈在大陆碰撞后仍然对地表板块施加拖拽作用,使造山作用得以维持.但是大陆碰撞作用最终为何减弱乃至停止,目前存在多种解释.本文利用覆盖青藏高原的流动地震观测数据,进行地震层析成像研究,在地慢过渡带中识别出多个高地... 详细信息

俯冲的大陆岩石圈在大陆碰撞后仍然对地表板块施加拖拽作用,使造山作用得以维持.但是大陆碰撞作用最终为何减弱乃至停止,目前存在多种解释.本文利用覆盖青藏高原的流动地震观测数据,进行地震层析成像研究,在地慢过渡带中识别出多个高地震波速度异常,认为它们是俯冲印度大陆岩石圈断离形成的碎片.俯冲板片会不断沿大陆岩石圈内部的先存薄弱带断离,该过程将持续减小俯冲岩石圈的板片拖曳力,进而导致中新世印度-欧亚板块汇聚速率降低.据此推断,俯冲大陆板片持续断离将导致印欧大陆碰撞和喜马拉雅造山作用最终结束.

关键词： Tibetan plateau Seismic tomography Continental collision Slab fragmentation Slab pull

Neuropeptide cholecystokinin:a key neuromodulator for hippocampal functions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1991-1992页

作者： Fengwen Huang stephen Temitayo Bello Department of Neuroscience City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Regenerative Medicine and Health Hong Kong Institute of Science&InnovationChinese Academy of SciencesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Spatial memory is crucial for survival within external surroundings and wild *** hippocampus,a critical hub for spatial learning and memory formation,has received extensive investigations on how neuromodulators shape its functions(Teixeira et al.,2018;Zhang et al.,2024).However,the landscape of neuromodulations in the hippocampal system remains poorly understood because most studies focus on classical monoamine neuromodulators,such as acetylcholine,serotonin,dopamine,and *** neuropeptides,comprising the most abundant neuromodulators in the central nervous system,play a pivotal role in neural information processing in the hippocampal ***(CCK),one of the most abundant neuropeptides,has been implicated in regulating various physiological and neurobiological statuses(Chen et al.,2019).CCK-A receptor(CCK-AR)and CCK-B receptors(CCK-BR)are two key receptors mediating the biological functions of CCK,both of which belong to class-A sevenfold transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors(Nishimura et al.,2015).CCK-AR preferentially reacts to sulfated CCK,whereas CCK-BR binds both CCK and gastrin with similar affinities(Ding et al.,2022).The expression patterns of CCK-AR and CCK-BR are distinct,implying that CCK has various functions in target *** instance,CCK-AR is widely expressed in the GI and brain subregions and is hence implicated in the control of digestive function and satiety ***,CCK-BR is abundantly and widely distributed in the central nervous system,which majorly regulates anxiety,learning,and memory(Ding et al.,2022).However,the roles of endogenous CCK and CCK receptors in regulating hippocampal function at electrophysiological and behavioral levels have received less attention.

关键词： abundant functions modulator

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived therapies for regeneration after central nervous system injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3063-3075页

作者： stephen Vidman Yee Hang Ethan Ma Nolan Fullenkamp Giles W.plant Department of Neuroscience Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

In recent years,the progression of stem cell therapies has shown great promise in advancing the nascent field of regenerative *** the non-regenerative nature of the mature central nervous system,the concept that“blank”cells could be reprogrammed and functionally integrated into host neural networks remained *** work has also demonstrated the ability of such cells to stimulate intrinsic growth programs in post-mitotic cells,such as *** embryonic stem cells demonstrated great potential in treating central nervous system pathologies,ethical and technical concerns *** barriers,along with the clear necessity for this type of treatment,ultimately prompted the advent of induced pluripotent stem *** advantage of pluripotent cells in central nervous system regeneration is multifaceted,permitting differentiation into neural stem cells,neural progenitor cells,glia,and various neuronal *** precise spatiotemporal application of extrinsic growth factors in vitro,in addition to microenvironmental signaling in vivo,influences the efficiency of this directed *** the pluri-or multipotency of these cells is appealing,it also poses the risk of unregulated differentiation and teratoma *** of the neuroectodermal lineage,such as neuronal subpopulations and glia,have been explored with varying degrees of *** the risk of cancer or teratoma formation is greatly reduced,each subpopulation varies in effectiveness and is influenced by a myriad of factors,such as the timing of the transplant,pathology type,and the ratio of accompanying progenitor ***,successful transplantation requires innovative approaches to develop delivery vectors that can mitigate cell death and support ***,host immune responses to allogeneic grafts must be thoroughly characterized and further developed to reduce the need for *** to a clinical setting wi

关键词： axon regeneration central nervous system regeneration induced pluripotent stem cells neurotrauma regenerative medicine spinal cord injury stem cell therapy

黄土触探阻力曲线和磁化率曲线对比的环境意义

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清华大学学报（自然科学版） 1999年第12期39卷 86-89页

作者：周树华魏兰英伍法权刘东生 R.GOURVES p.grand p.RIVAUD 清华大学土木工程系北京100084 中国科学院地质研究所北京100029 法国帕斯卡大学科学技术工程学院CUST

黄土环境意义的研究对全球环境变化的研究具有重要的意义。而通过研究黄土磁化率曲线又是研究黄土环境变化的一种重要方法。该文运用便携式可变能量动力触探仪，现场测试了黄土的力学性能。通过具体实例，比较分析了黄土的触探曲线和磁... 详细信息

黄土环境意义的研究对全球环境变化的研究具有重要的意义。而通过研究黄土磁化率曲线又是研究黄土环境变化的一种重要方法。该文运用便携式可变能量动力触探仪，现场测试了黄土的力学性能。通过具体实例，比较分析了黄土的触探曲线和磁化率曲线，探讨了这两类曲线可比性的原因。比较结果表明，黄土触探曲线不仅能反映黄土力学强度的变化，而且比磁化率曲线更细微、更精确。

关键词：黄土触探仪磁化率曲线环境变化触探阻力曲线

In situ cosmogenic ^(10)Be dating of the Quaternary glaciations in the southern Shaluli Mountain on the Southeastern Tibetan plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第12期49卷 1291-1298页

作者： Raisbeck grand Yiou Francios Centre de Spectrometric Nucleaire et de Specmetric de Masse IN2P3 CNRS Bat.10891405 Campus Orsay France

It is generally considered that four-times ice age happened during the Quaternary epoch on the Tibetan plateau. However, the research on the chronology of the four-times ice age is far from enough. The Shaluli Mountain on the Southeastern Tibetan plateau is an ideal place for plaeo-glacier study, because there are abundant Quaternary glacial remains there. This paper discusses the ages of the Quaternary glaciations, based on the exposure dating of roche moutonnée, moraines and gla- cial erosion surfaces using in situ cosmogenic isotopes 10Be. It is found that the exposure age of the roche moutonnée at Tuershan is 15 ka, corresponding to Stage 2 of the deep-sea oxygen isotope, suggesting that the roche moutonnée at Tuershan is formed in the last glacial maximum. The expo- sure age of glacial erosion surface at Laolinkou is 130―160 ka, corresponding to Stage 6 of the deep-sea oxygen isotope. The oldest end moraine at Kuzhaori may form at 421―766 kaBp, corre- sponding to Stages 12―18 of the deep-sea oxygen isotope. In accordance with the climate charac- teristic of stages 12,14,16 and 18 reflected by the deep-sea oxygen isotope, polar ice cores and loess sequence, the oldest end moraine at Kuzhaori may form at stage 12 or stage 16, the latter is more possible.

关键词： Quaternary,glaciation,glacial,cosmogenic isotope,dating,10Be,exposure dating,Tibetan plateau,environmental change,surface dating,boulder,erosion.

Improving the wind and temperature measurements of an airborne meteorological measuring system

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied physics & Engineering) 2012年第10期13卷 723-746页

作者： stephen FOSTER p.W.CHAN Aventech Research Inc. BarrieON L4N 2E3Canada Hong Kong Observatory KowloonHong KongChina

The Aircraft Integrated Meteorological Measuring System 20 Hz(AIMMS-20) has been used by the Hong Kong Observatory(HKO),China in data collection for tropical cyclone situations over the South China Sea and windshear and turbulence measurement at the Hong Kong International Airport(HKIA).This paper discusses possible methods for further enhancing the quality of the wind and temperature measurements from the *** wind measurement,the enhancement methods include:error modelling of the accelerometer(e.g.,bias offset and cross-axis rate sensitivity),global positioning system(GpS) phase lag consideration,better representation of the inertial measurement unit(IMU) velocity based on the GpS velocities and considering their location differences,consideration of the slower update of GpS velocity,and wing *** temperature measurement,the methods include the consideration of the temperature sensor response and the sensor housing *** results of typical flights using AIMMS-20 show that the accuracy of the wind and temperature data could be improved by 20%-30%.Though the discussion in the present paper is related mainly to a specific meteorological measuring system on a particular aircraft,the techniques so employed should be a useful reference for similar systems installed on other aircraft.

关键词： Airborne meteorological measurements Kalman filter Comparison with radiosonde measurement

Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microvascular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： Siva S.V.p.Sakamuri Anil Sakamuri Department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA Vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as level 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose levels less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical

A review of mechanism of action of outdoor exposure in preventing myopia incidence and progression

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第6期17卷 1144-1155页

作者： Chikezie grand Ihesiulor Khaled Alzahrani Hema Rhadhakrishnan Division of pharmacy&Optometry School of Health SciencesFaculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Ophthalmology King Fahad Armed Forces HospitalJeddah 23311Saudi Arabia

Various studies have suggested several environmental,pharmacological,medical,and optical interventions and some are in use but their efficacy in myopia control may be transient,and the cellular,molecular,and biochemical mechanisms involved *** exposure is currently regarded as an effective and enduring strategy in the control of myopia development and ***,the mechanism behind the effect of outdoor exposure and its association with genetic predisposition and other relatively more significant environmental factors on myopia is still a *** review focuses on survey-based and intervention-based studies carried out to propose a mechanism that accounts for myopia development and important for its control.

关键词： outdoor exposure daylight exposure myopia control myopia

Small molecule inhibitor DDQ-treated hippocampal neuronal cells show improved neurite outgrowth and synaptic branching

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2624-2632页

作者： Jangampalli Adi pradeepkiran priyanka Rawat Arubala p.Reddy Erika Orlov pHemachandra Reddy Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Nutritional Sciences College of Human SciencesTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Department of pharmacology&Neuroscience Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Neurology Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Speech Language and Hearing SciencesTexas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of public Health Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA

The process of neurite outgrowth and branching is a crucial aspect of neuronal development and *** and dendrites,sometimes referred to as neurites,are extensions of a neuron's cellular body that are used to start *** we explored the effects of diethyl(3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamino)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate(DDQ)on neurite developmental features in HT22 neuronal *** this work,we examined the protective effects of DDQ on neuronal processes and synaptic outgrowth in differentiated HT22cells expressing mutant Tau(mTau)*** investigate DDQ chara cteristics,cell viability,biochemical,molecular,western blotting,and immunocytochemistry were *** outgrowth is evaluated through the segmentation and measurement of neural *** neural processes can be seen and measured with a fluorescence microscope by manually tracing and measuring the length of the neurite *** neuronal processes can be observed and quantified with a fluorescent microscope by manually tracing and measuring the length of the neuronal ***-treated mTau-HT22 cells(HT22 cells transfected with cDNA mutant Tau)were seen to display increased levels of synaptophysin,MAp-2,andβ-***,we confirmed and noted reduced levels of both total and p-Tau,as well as elevated levels of microtubule-associated protein 2,β-tubulin,synaptophysin,vesicular acetylcholine transporter,and the mitochondrial biogenesis protein-pe roxisome prolife rator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α.In mTa u-expressed HT22 neurons,we observed DDQ enhanced the neurite characteristics and improved neurite development through increased synaptic *** findings conclude that mTa u-HT22(Alzheimer's disease)cells treated with DDQ have functional neurite developmental chara *** key finding is that,in mTa u-HT22 cells,DDQ preserves neuronal structure and may even enhance nerve development function with mTa u inhibition.

关键词： diethyl(3 4-dihydroxyphenethylamino)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate(DDQ) hippocampal neuronal cells HT22 neurite outgrowth neuronal development small molecule